Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.1080/03468755.2022.2074096
A. Hammar, Svante Norrhem
ABSTRACT In this article, we argue that servants working for Count Magnus Gabriel De la Gardie (1622–1686) were part of an intricate system of economic and social dependencies. Focusing on the indebtedness of the aristocracy to its workers, we examine how deferred payment of wages opened up for negotiations between servant and master, and suggest that servants became de facto creditors to their master. In a moral economy built on trust, credit and the idea of aristocratic paternalism, servants negotiated arrangements for the future, keeping close track of what was owed them or their spouses in deferred payments. From an investigation of over six hundred petitions, written from people in the lower strata of servants, including, among others, milkmaids, gardeners, stable boys, bird-catchers, lackeys, jesters, and wet nurses, and from which we have chosen to exclude high ranking employees such as bailiffs or chaplains, we showcase the strategies available to people on the margins of society. The arrangements suggested by petitioners show a surprising amount of detailed consideration, at the same time appealing to Christian compassion, paternalistic concerns and a sense of reciprocity between master and servant, thereby both confirming and using hierarchies and asymmetrical power relations to secure advantages.
{"title":"SERVANTS AS CREDITORS: NAVIGATING THE MORAL ECONOMY OF AN EARLY MODERN ARISTOCRATIC HOUSEHOLD","authors":"A. Hammar, Svante Norrhem","doi":"10.1080/03468755.2022.2074096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03468755.2022.2074096","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this article, we argue that servants working for Count Magnus Gabriel De la Gardie (1622–1686) were part of an intricate system of economic and social dependencies. Focusing on the indebtedness of the aristocracy to its workers, we examine how deferred payment of wages opened up for negotiations between servant and master, and suggest that servants became de facto creditors to their master. In a moral economy built on trust, credit and the idea of aristocratic paternalism, servants negotiated arrangements for the future, keeping close track of what was owed them or their spouses in deferred payments. From an investigation of over six hundred petitions, written from people in the lower strata of servants, including, among others, milkmaids, gardeners, stable boys, bird-catchers, lackeys, jesters, and wet nurses, and from which we have chosen to exclude high ranking employees such as bailiffs or chaplains, we showcase the strategies available to people on the margins of society. The arrangements suggested by petitioners show a surprising amount of detailed consideration, at the same time appealing to Christian compassion, paternalistic concerns and a sense of reciprocity between master and servant, thereby both confirming and using hierarchies and asymmetrical power relations to secure advantages.","PeriodicalId":45280,"journal":{"name":"SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF HISTORY","volume":"47 1","pages":"490 - 516"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47547940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-05DOI: 10.1080/03468755.2022.2069151
Melina Antonia Buns
ABSTRACT This article investigates the 1974 Nordic Environmental Protection Convention. It shows that the ulterior motives for such a convention were Nordic ambitions to regulate and reduce transboundary pollution originating outside of the Nordic region. Emphasizing the inter-organizational dynamics between institutionalized Nordic cooperation and international organizations, it examines how the Nordics drew on developments within international organizations and how they pursued their agenda of shaping international environmental law within the OECD. Ultimately, the article argues that the Nordic countries tried to create a model convention to be exported to and implemented at the international level with the aim of reducing transboundary pollution and establishing transnational responsibilities and accountabilities. By setting out this argument and shedding light on the first legally binding international convention to address transboundary pollution with procedural principles, the article breaks new ground on the history of Nordic environmental cooperation as well as on the development of international environmental law.
{"title":"Making a model: the 1974 Nordic Environmental Protection Convention and Nordic attempts to form international environmental law","authors":"Melina Antonia Buns","doi":"10.1080/03468755.2022.2069151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03468755.2022.2069151","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article investigates the 1974 Nordic Environmental Protection Convention. It shows that the ulterior motives for such a convention were Nordic ambitions to regulate and reduce transboundary pollution originating outside of the Nordic region. Emphasizing the inter-organizational dynamics between institutionalized Nordic cooperation and international organizations, it examines how the Nordics drew on developments within international organizations and how they pursued their agenda of shaping international environmental law within the OECD. Ultimately, the article argues that the Nordic countries tried to create a model convention to be exported to and implemented at the international level with the aim of reducing transboundary pollution and establishing transnational responsibilities and accountabilities. By setting out this argument and shedding light on the first legally binding international convention to address transboundary pollution with procedural principles, the article breaks new ground on the history of Nordic environmental cooperation as well as on the development of international environmental law.","PeriodicalId":45280,"journal":{"name":"SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF HISTORY","volume":"48 1","pages":"93 - 115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45654599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-07DOI: 10.1080/03468755.2022.2061046
Svein Ivar Angell
ABSTRACT The article analyses how history was used in efforts to portray Norway in the postwar period. The main narratives of Norwegian history played a dominating role in the construction of national images during this period. These narratives had been constructed as part of the nation-building processes of the 19th century. In several aspects, the historical narratives used in portrayals of Norway mirrored developments in Norwegian historiography in the period. In the 1960s, however, the use of these narratives to portray Norway became problematic, owing to the priority given to a new rationale of information and demands that Norway should be portrayed as a modern society. The article takes a use-of-history approach as a point of departure and argues that such an approach is fruitful in studies of how national images are constructed.
{"title":"Imaging Norway by using the past","authors":"Svein Ivar Angell","doi":"10.1080/03468755.2022.2061046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03468755.2022.2061046","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The article analyses how history was used in efforts to portray Norway in the postwar period. The main narratives of Norwegian history played a dominating role in the construction of national images during this period. These narratives had been constructed as part of the nation-building processes of the 19th century. In several aspects, the historical narratives used in portrayals of Norway mirrored developments in Norwegian historiography in the period. In the 1960s, however, the use of these narratives to portray Norway became problematic, owing to the priority given to a new rationale of information and demands that Norway should be portrayed as a modern society. The article takes a use-of-history approach as a point of departure and argues that such an approach is fruitful in studies of how national images are constructed.","PeriodicalId":45280,"journal":{"name":"SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF HISTORY","volume":"47 1","pages":"668 - 690"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48826826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-05DOI: 10.1080/03468755.2022.2051599
Svein Ivar Angell, Eirinn Larsen
ABSTRACT This is an introduction for a special issue “History and Nation-Branding in the Nordic Region”. All articles are published and/or finalized.
摘要这是“北欧地区的历史与民族品牌”特刊的简介。所有文章都已发表和/或定稿。
{"title":"Introduction: Reimagining the Nordic pasts","authors":"Svein Ivar Angell, Eirinn Larsen","doi":"10.1080/03468755.2022.2051599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03468755.2022.2051599","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This is an introduction for a special issue “History and Nation-Branding in the Nordic Region”. All articles are published and/or finalized.","PeriodicalId":45280,"journal":{"name":"SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF HISTORY","volume":"47 1","pages":"589 - 599"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45027260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-30DOI: 10.1080/03468755.2022.2053197
Madeleine Hurd, Steffen Werther
ABSTRACT In this article we examine how a particular ‘Gypsy friend’ persona was adopted and developed by two pioneering pre-war Gypsylorists, the Finn Arthur Thesleff (1861–1920) and the Dane Johan Miskow (1862–1937). The ‘Gypsy friend’ persona, we argue, was a compound of the fearless explorer, the missionary’s selfless paternalism, the disinterested, questing scientist and the eccentric anti-bourgeois bohemian. After looking at how this masculine persona was expressed in earlier scholarship, not least the influential Journal of the Gypsy Lore Society, we turn to Thesleff and Miskow to see how they adopted, applied and revised the trope, with attention, finally, to its implications for inter- and postwar treatment of Scandinavian Roma.
{"title":"The Scandinavian ‘Gypsy friend’","authors":"Madeleine Hurd, Steffen Werther","doi":"10.1080/03468755.2022.2053197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03468755.2022.2053197","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this article we examine how a particular ‘Gypsy friend’ persona was adopted and developed by two pioneering pre-war Gypsylorists, the Finn Arthur Thesleff (1861–1920) and the Dane Johan Miskow (1862–1937). The ‘Gypsy friend’ persona, we argue, was a compound of the fearless explorer, the missionary’s selfless paternalism, the disinterested, questing scientist and the eccentric anti-bourgeois bohemian. After looking at how this masculine persona was expressed in earlier scholarship, not least the influential Journal of the Gypsy Lore Society, we turn to Thesleff and Miskow to see how they adopted, applied and revised the trope, with attention, finally, to its implications for inter- and postwar treatment of Scandinavian Roma.","PeriodicalId":45280,"journal":{"name":"SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF HISTORY","volume":"48 1","pages":"26 - 47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46822154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-25DOI: 10.1080/03468755.2022.2048339
L. Palm
ABSTRACT The debate on the demographic development in Sweden in the Early Modern Period has a long history. A significant topic concerns how many people in fact lived in the country during the 16th and 17th centuries. This article focuses on the 17th century but leaves aside the question of absolute population numbers or growth rates. Instead, I will try to estimate the availability of grain, a dominant factor determining and limiting population developments in the period. There is a general view among historians that domestic grain production in Sweden stagnated during the 17th century. In this article, I add my voice to those who hold this view . In itself, this could also indicate a stagnant population. However I will show, that domestic production was not the same thing as grain availability. Swedish scholars are unanimous that in c. 1700 the country had c. 1,300,000 inhabitants. Using new source material, I will show that Sweden’s foreign grain trade in that period could feed at least 300,000 more people than in c. 1630. Finally, I will try to set Sweden’s growing grain trade in context with other developments in Sweden during the period.
{"title":"Food availability and population growth in 17th century Sweden","authors":"L. Palm","doi":"10.1080/03468755.2022.2048339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03468755.2022.2048339","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The debate on the demographic development in Sweden in the Early Modern Period has a long history. A significant topic concerns how many people in fact lived in the country during the 16th and 17th centuries. This article focuses on the 17th century but leaves aside the question of absolute population numbers or growth rates. Instead, I will try to estimate the availability of grain, a dominant factor determining and limiting population developments in the period. There is a general view among historians that domestic grain production in Sweden stagnated during the 17th century. In this article, I add my voice to those who hold this view . In itself, this could also indicate a stagnant population. However I will show, that domestic production was not the same thing as grain availability. Swedish scholars are unanimous that in c. 1700 the country had c. 1,300,000 inhabitants. Using new source material, I will show that Sweden’s foreign grain trade in that period could feed at least 300,000 more people than in c. 1630. Finally, I will try to set Sweden’s growing grain trade in context with other developments in Sweden during the period.","PeriodicalId":45280,"journal":{"name":"SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF HISTORY","volume":"47 1","pages":"438 - 463"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45397487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-16DOI: 10.1080/03468755.2022.2052349
Nanna Eva Nissen
ABSTRACT This article discusses how to perceive developments in the prosecution of written pacts with the Devil in Denmark-Norway between 1634 and 1754. While existing scholarship interprets the prosecution within the framework of an Enlightenment narrative by presenting the cases as evidence of an incomplete rejection of magical beliefs, such as the possibility of making a pact with the Devil, this article investigates the cases with regard to the early absolutist sovereigns’ endeavours to deal with blasphemy offences. The medley of punishments imposed in the cases – including public confession, executions, and imprisonment with hard labour – calls for a more complex evaluation of both ruptures and continuity in the prosecution of this type of crime during the period. Through selected cases representing varying approaches of the respective sovereigns, this article analyses how the understanding and administration of the offence developed in the legal practice of the emerging absolutist state.
{"title":"Sovereign dealings with blasphemy: the prosecution of written pacts with the Devil within the absolute monarchy of Denmark-Norway","authors":"Nanna Eva Nissen","doi":"10.1080/03468755.2022.2052349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03468755.2022.2052349","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article discusses how to perceive developments in the prosecution of written pacts with the Devil in Denmark-Norway between 1634 and 1754. While existing scholarship interprets the prosecution within the framework of an Enlightenment narrative by presenting the cases as evidence of an incomplete rejection of magical beliefs, such as the possibility of making a pact with the Devil, this article investigates the cases with regard to the early absolutist sovereigns’ endeavours to deal with blasphemy offences. The medley of punishments imposed in the cases – including public confession, executions, and imprisonment with hard labour – calls for a more complex evaluation of both ruptures and continuity in the prosecution of this type of crime during the period. Through selected cases representing varying approaches of the respective sovereigns, this article analyses how the understanding and administration of the offence developed in the legal practice of the emerging absolutist state.","PeriodicalId":45280,"journal":{"name":"SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF HISTORY","volume":"47 1","pages":"464 - 489"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44975408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-14DOI: 10.1080/03468755.2022.2034665
Mette M. Ahlefeldt-Laurvig
ABSTRACT Taking Denmark as a case study, this article retraces the ritual of churching of women after childbirth 1750c-1965. Churching offers a new angle into women’s religiosity and perception of their procreative body. Placed at the intersection of religion and everyday life, churching was as much a clerical ritual as a social custom at the centre of communal life and a feast day for the married mother. Rooted in Levitical childbirth impurity, adopted as a Christian purification ritual, then redefined by Lutheran reformers as a thanksgiving rite, churching continued along parallel tracks in Europe into the nineteenth and twentieth century in many places. Yet churching has fallen out of common memory in Denmark as elsewhere. This article first examines the clerical rite, demonstrating how churching elevated a mother’s status in the congregation, affording her time, space and honour, a position she lost when churching ceased. The second part analyses the childbirth cycle from pregnancy to churching when society imposed different norms on women. Childbirth was dangerous and physical vulnerability compounded by widespread fears of evil spirits and a sense of being impure. Rather than simply a thanksgiving ceremony, churching often represented an apotropaic and healing passage back to safety.
{"title":"A woman’s rite: rediscovering the ritual of churching in Denmark, c. 1750-1965","authors":"Mette M. Ahlefeldt-Laurvig","doi":"10.1080/03468755.2022.2034665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03468755.2022.2034665","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Taking Denmark as a case study, this article retraces the ritual of churching of women after childbirth 1750c-1965. Churching offers a new angle into women’s religiosity and perception of their procreative body. Placed at the intersection of religion and everyday life, churching was as much a clerical ritual as a social custom at the centre of communal life and a feast day for the married mother. Rooted in Levitical childbirth impurity, adopted as a Christian purification ritual, then redefined by Lutheran reformers as a thanksgiving rite, churching continued along parallel tracks in Europe into the nineteenth and twentieth century in many places. Yet churching has fallen out of common memory in Denmark as elsewhere. This article first examines the clerical rite, demonstrating how churching elevated a mother’s status in the congregation, affording her time, space and honour, a position she lost when churching ceased. The second part analyses the childbirth cycle from pregnancy to churching when society imposed different norms on women. Childbirth was dangerous and physical vulnerability compounded by widespread fears of evil spirits and a sense of being impure. Rather than simply a thanksgiving ceremony, churching often represented an apotropaic and healing passage back to safety.","PeriodicalId":45280,"journal":{"name":"SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF HISTORY","volume":"47 1","pages":"517 - 544"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41758065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-03DOI: 10.1080/03468755.2022.2043933
Kim Frederichsen, Ville Soimetsä
ABSTRACT This article presents the history of two key organizations in interwar Danish–Soviet relations, the Danish–Soviet Association (DRS) and the Danish Union of Friends of the Soviet Union (SUV). Drawing on a large selection of primary sources and literature, the article navigates considerable archival fragmentation and presents a comprehensive analysis of two parallel but separate national nodes in the wider transnational framework of Soviet cultural diplomacy. The analysis explains the background, structures, activities, and relevance of the Comintern-organized SUV and the non-party-affiliated DRS and demonstrates how both associations were relatively successful in both the Danish and Scandinavian contexts throughout the interwar period. The organizations’ resilience was bolstered by the comparatively good cohesion of the Danish Communist Party, and widely respected people in key positions.
{"title":"Danish friends of the Soviet Union: the history of interwar Danish–Soviet organizations","authors":"Kim Frederichsen, Ville Soimetsä","doi":"10.1080/03468755.2022.2043933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03468755.2022.2043933","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article presents the history of two key organizations in interwar Danish–Soviet relations, the Danish–Soviet Association (DRS) and the Danish Union of Friends of the Soviet Union (SUV). Drawing on a large selection of primary sources and literature, the article navigates considerable archival fragmentation and presents a comprehensive analysis of two parallel but separate national nodes in the wider transnational framework of Soviet cultural diplomacy. The analysis explains the background, structures, activities, and relevance of the Comintern-organized SUV and the non-party-affiliated DRS and demonstrates how both associations were relatively successful in both the Danish and Scandinavian contexts throughout the interwar period. The organizations’ resilience was bolstered by the comparatively good cohesion of the Danish Communist Party, and widely respected people in key positions.","PeriodicalId":45280,"journal":{"name":"SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF HISTORY","volume":"48 1","pages":"48 - 70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42294828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-24DOI: 10.1080/03468755.2022.2035813
R. Nilsson
ABSTRACT What in this article is called ‘the policing of alcoholics’ was a process involving several agents and institutional bodies, including but not limited to, officials and at the alcoholics’ institutions, regional and local temperance boards, police authorities and local poor-law boards as well and several others. For the welfare state in the making, the recalcitrant and morally depraved alcoholic represented an anomaly, someone who did not really belong to society. Policing was in the last instance legitimated by the role it played in the process of creating a new social order. The early welfare state should not mainly be seen as a form of ‘liberal’ governance but as a state formation where a continuity with older forms of governance, i. e. policing, existed. The empirical material for this article is taken from the alcoholics’ institution at Svartsjö in the late 1930s and early 1940s. By being subjected to the workings of the power apparatuses in institutions like these, an undifferentiated mass of vagrants, beggars, drunkards, petty criminals, and unruly and socially troublesome people were transformed into a new welfare category, the alcohol abusers. Importantly, this was a process to which the alcohol abusers, through their resistance, also contributed.
{"title":"The policing of alcoholics: Power and resistance in early welfare-state Sweden","authors":"R. Nilsson","doi":"10.1080/03468755.2022.2035813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03468755.2022.2035813","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT What in this article is called ‘the policing of alcoholics’ was a process involving several agents and institutional bodies, including but not limited to, officials and at the alcoholics’ institutions, regional and local temperance boards, police authorities and local poor-law boards as well and several others. For the welfare state in the making, the recalcitrant and morally depraved alcoholic represented an anomaly, someone who did not really belong to society. Policing was in the last instance legitimated by the role it played in the process of creating a new social order. The early welfare state should not mainly be seen as a form of ‘liberal’ governance but as a state formation where a continuity with older forms of governance, i. e. policing, existed. The empirical material for this article is taken from the alcoholics’ institution at Svartsjö in the late 1930s and early 1940s. By being subjected to the workings of the power apparatuses in institutions like these, an undifferentiated mass of vagrants, beggars, drunkards, petty criminals, and unruly and socially troublesome people were transformed into a new welfare category, the alcohol abusers. Importantly, this was a process to which the alcohol abusers, through their resistance, also contributed.","PeriodicalId":45280,"journal":{"name":"SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF HISTORY","volume":"47 1","pages":"545 - 566"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45653813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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