Ambio最新文献

Citizen science (CS) is increasingly used for research, environmental monitoring and policy input while enhancing participants' skills and well-being. However, it remains unevenly distributed globally, with limited presence in low- and middle-income countries, e.g. India, that are vulnerable to climate risks. This systematic review, following the PRISMA framework, identified 58 initiatives from academic and non-academic sources and analysed the scope and drivers of environmental and ecological CS projects in India. The findings reveal disparities in project diversity, geographic distribution and levels of participant engagement across the scientific process. Projects are concentrated in more affluent states and are predominantly biodiversity-focussed, with fewer addressing local socio-environmental concerns, highlighting the untapped potential of CS to address socio-environmental challenges in India. To scale its impact, we recommend strengthening linkages with government and academia, expanding thematic coverage and designing locally relevant projects with higher levels of public engagement aligned with policy needs.

Climate change is reshaping human-ecosystem interactions. Cold-water fisheries are vulnerable, and anglers are adapting to a warming climate. Using a multi-decadal, multi-lake dataset, we show high air temperatures reduce trip frequency and catch in shallow lakes, but increase trips in deep lakes with larger cold-water habitat. Consequently, total monthly catch falls in shallow lakes and rises in deep lakes. Although deep lakes contain greater thermal refugia, warming concentrates angling effort there because of slightly higher catch rates, increasing exposure of cold-water fishes to angling-related stress and lakes to higher trip frequency. Further, despite depth-related influences of temperature on trips among lakes, we show a weak temperature response among all lakes combined, suggesting climate-related patterns can be strong at local scales and weak at broader scales. Our results reveal climate-driven redistribution of angler effort that likely exacerbates stress on cold-water fisheries.

War reshapes wildfire regimes both directly and indirectly, yet its impacts remain largely overlooked. Russia's invasion into Ukraine has significantly increased wildfire activity, while displacement, land abandonment, contamination with unexploded ordnance, and collapse of fire management have increased fuel loads, making fires harder to control. Zooming in on Ukraine, we discuss how war and armed conflict reshapes wildfire regimes, with impacts extending beyond frontlines through smoke, contaminant redistribution, and greenhouse gas emissions. In a time of increasing global conflict and climate change, we propose four key steps to mitigate cascading impacts of wildfires of war to protect public health and ecosystems: (1) acknowledge war-related fire impacts in fire governance, (2) systematically collect data to support ecocide claims and restoration, (3) tailor fire management to war-affected landscapes and communities through risk-based fuel management, demining, and training, and (4) empower communities while preventing brain drain by creating opportunities for skilled professionals.

The history of Newfoundland, Canada, is told through the cod fishery that led to the development of thousands of outport settlements connected by boat and sea. The collapse of the Northern cod stock and the 1992 fishing moratorium that put 30 000 Newfoundlanders out of work, reshaped the ecological, economical, and social fabric of the island. In the years that followed, fisheries for shellfish became the most important, both in volume and value. I explore the changing landscape of Newfoundland ports and fisheries from 1998 to 2023. The number of fishing ports, vessels, and fishers all declined by more than 70%, while the average number of species fished per port declined by 25%. Fisheries catches dropped by 25% from 1998 to 2023, with shellfish accounting for the greatest share throughout. The total economic value of the fishery was relatively stable from 1998 to 2023.

Nature positive is gaining momentum as a global goal to halt and reverse nature loss. Yet the scale and pace of action are inadequate to curb accelerating biodiversity decline, threatening the foundations of economies and society. Applying sustainability transitions frameworks, we map key system actors to conceptualise their drivers, barriers, interactions and roles they can play to overcome institutional constraints and advance six nature transformation strategies. Our analysis proposes four ideal-type roles for transformative change: (1) direct impactors adopt solutions to directly halt or reverse nature's decline; (2) rule changers act to reshape institutional structures and societal values to drive change, (3) enablers provide critical supports; and (4) transformers challenge regimes through new ideas and solutions. We contend that individuals, organisations and coalitions can fulfil each and even multiple roles depending on actual and perceived agency and that coordinated, multi-actor coalitions across diverse knowledge systems can accelerate nature-positive futures.

The advancement of space exploration into an era of sample return missions from Mars, asteroids, and icy moons raises the potential for biological contamination either to or from Earth. We consider the possibility that extraterrestrial organisms introduced to Earth could behave analogously to invasive species by destabilizing ecosystems or interacting unpredictably with their new environment. There are myriad cases of microbial organisms rapidly adapting to novel extreme conditions, undermining the notion that extraterrestrial life (e.g., indigenous to Mars) would be unable to survive on Earth. The plausibility of encountering extraterrestrial life warrants stringent planetary protection measures grounded in biosafety and biosecurity principles. Due to its proximity, natural isolation, and apparent lack of a biosphere, the Moon can serve as a secure site for biocontainment of extraterrestrial samples. Building upon historical lessons from biological invasions, we argue that a lunar quarantine infrastructure should form the cornerstone of modern astrobiological risk mitigation strategies.

Dominant approaches to drought and flood risk often marginalize the social and temporal dimensions of how communities experience environmental change. This study explores how three riverine communities in the Peruvian Amazon-Bajo Belén, Tamshiyacu, and El Chino-generate and act on knowledge of river dynamics to sustain livelihoods amid increasing hydrological variability. Using storytelling with 45 participants (2023-2024), and co-produced seasonal calendars, we identified risk windows or periods of heightened vulnerability when river levels misalign with local expectations. These windows provide a situated lens into how risks are interpreted and navigated through embodied, relational, and adaptive strategies. Our findings highlight the centrality of place-based knowledge and temporal attunement to sustainable adaptation, challenging technocratic risk frameworks. By reframing hydrological extremes as relational and embedded in local rhythms, the study calls for more inclusive governance that reflects the socio-cultural and ecological specificities of hydrological risks.

Habitat networks in planning instruments are essential for preserving biodiversity and ensuring ecological connectivity. However, varying stakeholder interpretations influence how these networks are addressed, leading to divergent spatial transpositions. This research aims to better understand how habitat networks are concretely mapped in French planning instruments. We focus on stakeholder's practices across 21 "Schémas de Cohérence Territoriale" (SCoTs)-territorial planning instruments-in the Bourgogne Franche-Comté region. Using a mixed-methods approach, we combined textometry with qualitative analysis of 21 semi-structured interviews and the corresponding spatial mappings of habitat networks. Our findings show that habitat network representations vary considerably across planning instruments. We identified four distinct discourse categories, ranging from scientifically grounded approaches to politically negotiated strategies. The discourses also highlight methodological constraints contributing to the diversity of mapping approaches. By uncovering the link between discourse and mapping practice, this research provides insights into the challenges of integrating ecological connectivity into territorial planning.

Place attachments are multifaceted, reflecting personal meaning, and lived experiences. People also develop strong connections with species that inhabit beloved places. Yet, where places and species are experienced together, little is known about how these attachments intersect or vary across species. Here, we explored attachments to place and species, focusing on fairy penguins (Eudyptula minor) and muttonbirds (Ardenna tenuirostris) in their coastal habitat at an iconic Tasmanian landmark (Bruny Island). Using a mixed-methods approach, we examined these relationships through a modified Inclusion of Self Scale (n = 93) and interviews (n = 28). Species-place relationships, defined as the perceived belonging of a species to a place, emerged as the strongest predictor of place attachment. Qualitative insights revealed species-specific pathways, with connections strengthened when species contributed in both ecological and cultural ways. Recognising these diverse pathways offers a more nuanced understanding of how people-place relationships are formed and sustained.

In a world marked by disconnect and alienation, the need for relational approaches in science and society is clear. Despite attempts toward sustainable transformations, pressure on the world, humans, and more-than-human entities continues to rise. The current food system has a well-documented, negative impact on sustainable development. However, it also offers potential for sustainability-oriented change, and the way we relate to food is proving to be a key pillar. In this perspective we elaborate on human-food resonance as a theoretical concept of understanding relationships between humans and food. We argue that, rather than a lifeless resource, food is an affective agent in its diverse materializations. Human-food resonance illustrates how food may affect  sustainable transformations. The concept indicates where relationships with food are shaped. It thus offers a theoretical framework and a vision of a good life in relation to food, while highlighting the need for future empirical research.