Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour最新文献

Understanding gendered empowerment of MRT commuters in the global south: A Bayesian Belief Network of psychological determinants in Dhaka, Bangladesh 理解全球南方地铁通勤者的性别赋权：孟加拉国达卡心理决定因素的贝叶斯信念网络

IF 4.4 2区工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2026.103634

K. Sharaf

Urban mobility is critical in shaping access to essential services and opportunities, particularly in rapidly growing cities such as Dhaka, Bangladesh. Gendered constraints, compounded by socio-cultural norms, safety concerns, and inadequate infrastructure, limit women's ability to fully benefit from public transport systems. Using data from 1548 online survey respondents, this study investigates the psychological empowerment of MRT commuters in Dhaka, with a specific focus on the interplay of socio-cultural and psychological factors influencing mobility. By applying a Bayesian Belief Network (BBN) model, the study examines how various demographic, behavioural, and contextual variables, including safety perceptions, cultural norms, and travel habits, contribute to psychological empowerment. The research highlights those socio-cultural constraints, such as cultural norms and gendered social expectations, serve as significant predictors of psychological empowerment, alongside mobility behaviors like trip frequency and mode of transport. Descriptive analysis reveals that a substantial proportion of women (74%) are infrequent users of the MRT, with many reporting cultural restrictions and safety concerns that limit their travel autonomy. However, model-based findings suggest that actual mobility behaviors, such as frequent use and access mode, have a stronger influence on psychological empowerment than perceived safety or risk. These findings diverge from traditional Western models, where empowerment is often linked to perceived security, by illustrating that empowerment in Dhaka is more closely tied to the accessibility and reliability of the MRT system offering new insights into the dynamics of psychological empowerment in a Global South context, providing gender-disaggregated evidence for targeted policy interventions aimed at improving commuter experiences.

城市交通对于获得基本服务和机会至关重要，特别是在孟加拉国达卡等快速发展的城市。性别限制，再加上社会文化规范、安全问题和基础设施不足，限制了妇女充分受益于公共交通系统的能力。利用来自1548名在线调查受访者的数据，本研究调查了达卡地铁通勤者的心理赋权，特别关注影响流动性的社会文化和心理因素的相互作用。通过应用贝叶斯信念网络（BBN）模型，该研究考察了各种人口统计、行为和环境变量（包括安全观念、文化规范和旅行习惯）如何促进心理赋权。该研究强调，社会文化约束，如文化规范和性别社会期望，与出行频率和交通方式等流动性行为一样，都是心理赋权的重要预测因素。描述性分析显示，相当大比例的女性（74%）不经常使用捷运，许多人报告文化限制和安全问题限制了她们的出行自主权。然而，基于模型的研究结果表明，实际的移动行为，如频繁使用和访问方式，对心理赋权的影响比感知到的安全或风险更大。这些发现与传统的西方模式不同，在传统的西方模式中，赋权通常与感知到的安全联系在一起，通过说明达卡的赋权与捷运系统的可达性和可靠性联系更紧密，为全球南方背景下心理赋权的动态提供了新的见解，为旨在改善通勤体验的有针对性的政策干预提供了性别分类的证据。

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引用次数: 0

Long-term learning effects of structured risk communication targeting safe behaviour in road tunnels 以道路隧道安全行为为目标的结构化风险沟通的长期学习效应

IF 4.4 2区工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2026.103644

Tonja Knapstad , Ove Njå

Communicating safe behaviour to road tunnel users is a challenging task because it involves learning that must persist over time. But what learning is persistent over time? This question generated the motivation for a longitudinal study addressing long-term learning effects of structured risk communication, designed to create stimuli for a desired behavioural response among road users in the event of a fire in road tunnels. The study is the second part of a mixed methods research approach and a prolongation of a randomised controlled trial that showed strong positive effects of structured risk communication on participants' evacuation behaviour in a virtual reality driving simulator. One and two years after the experiment, qualitative research interviews were designed and conducted with the participants (first interview n = 65, second interview n = 60). The interview guides were designed as scenarios that tested and challenged the respondents' competence in tunnel driving. The study is exploratory in search for patterns, variation, interesting perspectives and development features related to long-term learning. Results from the study show tendencies of competence development. First, reflection on decision-making and action was identified among those respondents who were emotionally engaged in the context. Second, context-specific challenges created stimuli for mental simulation on the effect of different action choices among respondents who expressed commitment to the context. Third, over time, the content of structured risk communication provided stimuli that made the respondents more aware of and committed to the meaning of safe behaviour in tunnels. The design of this study should be further tested, because tunnel users' competence is an important aspect for better understanding systems safety as part of risk assessments.

向公路隧道使用者宣传安全行为是一项具有挑战性的任务，因为它涉及到必须长期坚持的学习。但是什么样的学习是持续的呢？这个问题引发了一项纵向研究的动机，该研究旨在解决结构化风险沟通的长期学习效果，旨在为道路使用者在道路隧道发生火灾时的预期行为反应创造刺激。该研究是混合方法研究方法的第二部分，也是一项随机对照试验的延伸，该试验表明，在虚拟现实驾驶模拟器中，结构化风险沟通对参与者的疏散行为有很强的积极影响。实验一年后和两年后，对参与者进行了定性研究访谈（第一次访谈n = 65，第二次访谈n = 60）。访谈指南被设计成测试和挑战受访者隧道驾驶能力的场景。这项研究是探索性的，旨在寻找与长期学习相关的模式、变化、有趣的观点和发展特征。研究结果显示胜任力发展的趋势。首先，对决策和行动的反思是在那些情感参与的受访者中确定的。第二，情境特定挑战为表达对情境承诺的被调查者的不同行动选择效果的心理模拟创造了刺激。第三，随着时间的推移，结构化风险沟通的内容提供了刺激，使受访者更加意识到并致力于隧道安全行为的意义。本研究的设计应进一步测试，因为隧道使用者的能力是更好地了解系统安全性作为风险评估的一部分的重要方面。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring the dynamic response mechanisms of connected vehicle collision warnings: A driving pattern recognition approach 网联汽车碰撞预警动态响应机制探讨：一种驾驶模式识别方法

IF 4.4 2区工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2026.103638

Yaowen Zhang, Xiaohua Zhao, Ying Yao, Wenhao Ren

The collision warning system (CWS) enhances driver alertness and reduces crash risk. However, its effectiveness ultimately depends on drivers' behavioral responses to warnings. Most existing studies rely on aggregated static indicators, which cannot capture temporal behavioral changes or phase-specific variations. To better understand detailed response mechanisms, this study proposes a framework for driving pattern extraction and evaluation. The Hierarchical Dirichlet Process Hidden Semi-Markov Model (HDP-HSMM) was used to segment multidimensional behavioral data into basic units. The Gaussian Mixture Latent Dirichlet Allocation model (GMM-LDA) was then applied to cluster these units and identify representative driving patterns. Based on these patterns, a dynamic evaluation system was constructed to quantify differences in stability, safety, and compliance across visibility conditions and CWS availability. The results indicate that under low-risk conditions, emergency braking duration in the CWS group is approximately 2 times that in the baseline group, thereby reducing stability. In contrast, under high-risk conditions, CWS significantly improves safety (p < 0.01) and stability. Reaction time is 82.6% of that in the baseline group, and emergency braking duration ranges from 42% to 79.7% of that in the baseline group. Visibility also exerts a measurable effect on driving behavior. Under low-risk conditions, the mean total braking time in daytime is 75.8% of that at night. Under high-risk conditions, the mean coasting time in daytime is 129.7% of that in nighttime conditions. The proposed framework improves understanding of driver response mechanisms and provides theoretical support for refined CWS design.

碰撞预警系统（CWS）提高了驾驶员的警觉性，降低了碰撞风险。然而，它的有效性最终取决于驾驶员对警告的行为反应。大多数现有的研究依赖于汇总的静态指标，无法捕捉到时间行为变化或特定阶段的变化。为了更好地理解详细的响应机制，本研究提出了驱动模式提取和评估的框架。采用层次狄利克雷过程隐半马尔可夫模型（HDP-HSMM）对多维行为数据进行基本单元分割。然后应用高斯混合潜狄利克雷分配模型（GMM-LDA）对这些单元进行聚类，并识别具有代表性的驾驶模式。基于这些模式，构建了一个动态评估系统，以量化不同可见性条件和CWS可用性在稳定性、安全性和遵从性方面的差异。结果表明，在低风险工况下，CWS组的紧急制动时间约为基线组的2倍，从而降低了稳定性。相比之下，在高风险条件下，CWS显著提高了安全性（p < 0.01）和稳定性。反应时间为基准组的82.6%，紧急制动持续时间为基准组的42% ~ 79.7%。能见度对驾驶行为也有可测量的影响。在低风险工况下，白天平均总制动时间为夜间的75.8%。在高危工况下，白天的平均滑行时间是夜间的129.7%。提出的框架提高了对驱动响应机制的理解，为改进CWS设计提供了理论支持。

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引用次数: 0

Influence of cycling infrastructures on driver–cyclist interactions on urban roads: evidence from a driving simulator study 城市道路上自行车基础设施对驾驶员-骑车人互动的影响：来自驾驶模拟器研究的证据

IF 4.4 2区工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2026.103636

Ali Pirdavani , Mahdi Sadeqi Bajestani , Stijn Jamaer , Hubert Skorupa

The increasing modal share of cycling in urban environments has led to growing demands for safe, space-efficient, and cost-effective cycling infrastructure, especially on urban roads. These roads often lack adequate space for physically separated facilities, presenting challenges for traffic planners. This study examines the impact of four distinct cycling infrastructure designs, no cycling infrastructure (i.e., the reference scenario), advisory cycle lanes, cycle streets, and adjacent cycle lanes, on the interaction between cyclists and drivers on both one-way and two-way streets, with and without oncoming traffic, with one and two cyclists. Utilizing a driving simulator, this study investigates driver behavior during overtaking maneuvers, with cyclists represented as simulated agents under controlled experimental conditions. Despite widespread implementation of non-segregated cycling infrastructure on urban roads, there remains limited controlled, comparative evidence on how these designs influence driver overtaking behavior across different traffic and cyclist configurations. Key behavioral parameters, including lateral passing distance, passing speed, overtaking distance, and overtaking time, were analyzed under varying traffic and cyclist conditions. The results reveal that adjacent cycle lanes offer the highest safety margins on one-way roads. On the other hand, cycle streets provide the safest interactions on two-way roads, despite some drivers failing to adhere to overtaking restrictions. In addition, advisory cycle lanes are also identified as a space- and cost-efficient intervention. These findings provide actionable insights for policymakers and urban mobility planners to enhance cyclist safety on constrained urban road networks, while considering the behavioral tendencies of drivers and infrastructural limitations.

自行车在城市环境中所占的比例越来越大，这导致了对安全、空间效率高、成本效益高的自行车基础设施的需求不断增长，尤其是在城市道路上。这些道路往往缺乏足够的空间来容纳物理上分开的设施，给交通规划者带来了挑战。本研究考察了四种不同的自行车基础设施设计，即无自行车基础设施（即参考场景），建议自行车道，自行车街和相邻自行车道，对单向和双向街道上骑自行车者和驾驶员之间互动的影响，有和没有迎面车，有一个和两个骑自行车的人。本研究利用驾驶模拟器，在受控的实验条件下，以骑自行车的人为模拟代理人，调查驾驶员在超车过程中的行为。尽管在城市道路上广泛实施了非隔离的自行车基础设施，但关于这些设计如何影响驾驶员在不同交通和骑自行车者配置下的超车行为，仍然有有限的可控的比较证据。在不同交通条件和骑自行车者条件下，分析了横向超车距离、超车速度、超车距离和超车时间等关键行为参数。结果表明，在单行道上，相邻的自行车道提供了最高的安全边际。另一方面，自行车街在双向道路上提供了最安全的互动，尽管一些司机没有遵守超车限制。此外，咨询自行车道也被认为是一种节省空间和成本的干预措施。这些发现为政策制定者和城市交通规划者在考虑驾驶员行为倾向和基础设施限制的同时，在受限的城市道路网络中提高骑自行车者的安全提供了可操作的见解。

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引用次数: 0

How do blind pedestrians perceive cyclists? 盲人行人如何看待骑自行车的人？

IF 4.4 2区工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2026.103649

Carmen Hagemeister, Hanna Stumpf

This study investigates the experiences of blind pedestrians when encountering cyclists in urban Germany. Pedestrians and cyclists are two groups of vulnerable road users whose conflicts and crashes have recently received increased attention. We conducted in-depth interviews with ten active blind adult pedestrians to explore their experiences when encountering cyclists. Participants described both positive and negative encounters. Blind pedestrians reported difficulty perceiving cyclists, especially in noisy environments, and often attempted to avoid them. They expressed concerns about cyclists who passed too quickly and too closely, frequently startling them. Several incidents were reported in which cyclists rode over white canes, breaking them. While the legal framework was considered sufficient, enforcement was deemed inadequate. As blind pedestrians frequently encounter cyclists on footpaths, they must remain vigilant even where cycling is prohibited. The reported crashes and incidents involving cyclists riding over white canes underscore the real risk of collision. Some participants avoided certain times of day or areas where they expected high cyclist volumes. Blind pedestrians wished for the separation of pedestrian and cyclist traffic, either by requiring cyclists to ride on the carriageway or by establishing separate paths of sufficient width, with a tactile strip between footpaths and bike paths. They believed that cyclists lack sufficient information about blind pedestrians and do not reliably recognize them as blind.

本研究调查了德国城市盲人行人遇到骑自行车者时的体验。行人和骑自行车的人是两个脆弱的道路使用者群体，他们的冲突和碰撞最近受到越来越多的关注。我们对10位活跃的成年盲人行人进行了深度访谈，探讨他们在遇到骑自行车的人时的体验。参与者描述了积极和消极的遭遇。盲人行人报告说，他们很难识别骑自行车的人，尤其是在嘈杂的环境中，他们经常试图避开他们。他们对骑自行车的人过快过近表示担忧，这经常让他们感到吃惊。据报道，有几起骑自行车的人骑过白色手杖，把它们折断的事件。虽然法律框架被认为是充分的，但执法被认为是不充分的。盲人行人经常在人行道上遇到骑自行车的人，即使在禁止骑自行车的地方，他们也必须保持警惕。据报道，骑自行车的人在白色手杖上骑行的撞车和事故凸显了碰撞的真正风险。一些参与者避开了一天中的某些时间或他们预计骑车人数会很多的地区。盲人行人希望将行人和骑自行车的交通分开，要么要求骑自行车的人在行车道上骑行，要么建立足够宽度的单独道路，在人行道和自行车道之间设置触觉带。他们认为骑自行车的人对盲人行人缺乏足够的信息，不能可靠地识别他们是盲人。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring the relationships between youth motivation and active school travel knowledge and perceived community support: Moderations by gender 探索青年动机与积极学校旅行知识和感知社区支持之间的关系：性别的调节作用

IF 4.4 2区工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2026.103650

Adrian Buttazzoni , Julia Pham , Kendra Nelson Ferguson , Jason Gilliland

Active school travel (AST), walking or human-powered wheeling or rolling to/from school, can contribute to the healthy development of children and teenagers through improved mental and physical health. In response to declining rates of AST participation, one often discussed influence is motivation. However, the impacts of specific motivation types, as well as their potentially discrepant impacts on boys and girls, are poorly understood. The present study is situated within the Self-Determination Theory (SDT) and explores how gender moderates the relationship between different forms of motivation (i.e., intrinsic motivation; identified, introjected, external regulation) and perceived community support (PCS) for AST and AST knowledge. Using a national-level Canadian sample (n = 1196) from an online survey of children and teenagers (8–14 years, M_age = 10.9), linear regression and moderation analyses were conducted. Central findings of the analyses included boys reporting significantly greater PCS in response to increased intrinsic motivation (β = 0.151, p ≤0.001, 95% CIs = 0.101, 0.201) and identified regulation (β = 0.170, p ≤0.001, 95% CIs = 0.121, 0.219), and an inverse crossover relationship in response to increased intrinsic motivation and identified regulation where boys reported significant declines (e.g., intrinsic motivation: β = −0.026, p = 0.001, 95% CIs = −0.042, −0.010) and girls reported nonsignificant improvements (e.g., intrinsic motivation: β = 0.008, p = 0.342, 95% CIs = −0.009, 0.248) in AST knowledge. It is recommended that future AST interventions consider gender-specific strategies to enhance promotional efforts, and marrying motivation and (built) environmental strategies to support girls' motivation and positive perceptions of AST and, ultimately, their AST engagement.

主动学校旅行（AST），即步行或人力车轮或滚动往返学校，可以通过改善身心健康来促进儿童和青少年的健康发展。针对AST参与率的下降，一个经常被讨论的影响是动机。然而，具体动机类型的影响，以及它们对男孩和女孩的潜在差异影响，知之甚少。本研究基于自我决定理论（SDT），探讨性别如何调节不同形式的动机（即内在动机、识别动机、内源性动机、外部调节动机）与感知社区支持（PCS）之间的关系。采用加拿大国家级儿童和青少年（8-14岁，Mage = 10.9）在线调查样本（n = 1196），进行线性回归和调节分析。分析的中心发现包括，男孩在内在动机增加（β = 0.151, p≤0.001,95% ci = 0.101, 0.201）和识别调节（β = 0.170, p≤0.001,95% ci = 0.121, 0.219）时报告的PCS显著增加，在男孩报告显著下降的内在动机和识别调节(例如，内在动机：β = - 0.026, p = 0.001, 95% ci = - 0.042, - 0.010)，女生在AST知识方面无显著改善（例如，内在动机：β = 0.008, p = 0.342, 95% ci = - 0.009, 0.248）。建议未来的AST干预措施考虑针对性别的战略，以加强宣传工作，并考虑结婚动机和（建立的）环境战略，以支持女孩的动机和对AST的积极看法，并最终促进她们参与AST。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of autonomous vehicles' driving style on risk-related responses in external interactions 自动驾驶汽车驾驶风格对外部交互中风险相关反应的影响

IF 4.4 2区工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2026.103646

Yuhaozhe Zhang , Yaping Zhang

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) will coexist with human-driven vehicles in mixed traffic for the foreseeable future, making external interaction increasingly important. While previous studies have mainly examined AV driving style in in-vehicle contexts, less is known about how it shapes other traffic participants' risk-related responses in external interactions. This study addressed this issue from the perspective of the host vehicle across three studies. Study 1 examined how the driving style of the approaching AV influenced the host driver's right-turn likelihood and right-turn decision in the intersection interaction. Study 2 examined how the same cue shaped participants' expectations regarding the host AV's likely action. Study 3 further tested whether the driving styles of the host AV and the approaching AV affected participants' broader risk-related tendency. The results showed that, in Studies 1 and 2, the driving style of the approaching AV and contextual factors, including pedestrian presence and on-road vehicle presence, significantly influenced participants' responses. Overall, a cooperative driving style of the approaching AV was associated with higher right-turn likelihood, more right-turn decisions, and stronger expectations that the host AV would proceed, whereas a competitive driving style was associated with lower levels of these responses. By contrast, in Study 3, the driving styles of the host AV and the approaching AV did not significantly affect broader risk-related tendency, whereas participants' own driving style remained a significant predictor. Taken together, these findings suggest that AV driving style functions as an external social cue that can shape situational decisions and behavioral expectations in external interactions, but does not readily alter deeper dispositional tendencies. This study clarifies the functional role and boundary conditions of AV driving style effects and provides theoretical support for the behavioral design and safety optimization of AVs in future mixed traffic environments.

在可预见的未来，自动驾驶汽车将与人类驾驶的汽车在混合交通中共存，这使得外部交互变得越来越重要。虽然之前的研究主要是研究自动驾驶汽车在车内环境下的驾驶风格，但对于它如何影响其他交通参与者在外部互动中的风险相关反应，我们知之甚少。本研究通过三个研究从宿主车辆的角度解决了这个问题。研究1考察了迎面自动驾驶汽车驾驶风格对交叉口交互中主驾驶员右转可能性和右转决策的影响。研究2考察了同样的线索如何影响参与者对主持人AV可能采取的行动的预期。研究3进一步检验了东道主AV和接近AV的驾驶风格是否影响被试更广泛的风险相关倾向。结果表明，在研究1和研究2中，接近的自动驾驶汽车的驾驶风格和环境因素（包括行人和道路上车辆的存在）显著影响参与者的反应。总体而言，迎面驶来的自动驾驶汽车的合作驾驶风格与更高的右转可能性、更多的右转决策以及更强的对主自动驾驶汽车会继续前进的预期相关，而竞争驾驶风格与这些反应的水平较低相关。相比之下，在研究3中，主人AV和接近AV的驾驶风格对更广泛的风险相关倾向没有显著影响，而参与者自己的驾驶风格仍然是一个显著的预测因子。综上所述，这些研究结果表明，自动驾驶风格作为一种外部社会线索，可以在外部互动中塑造情境决策和行为期望，但不会轻易改变更深层次的性格倾向。本研究明确了自动驾驶汽车驾驶风格效应的功能作用和边界条件，为未来混合交通环境下自动驾驶汽车的行为设计和安全优化提供理论支持。

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引用次数: 0

From emotion to safety-critical events: The temporal causal pathways in naturalistic driving 从情绪到安全关键事件：自然驾驶的时间因果路径

IF 4.4 2区工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2026.103645

Boyu Jiang , Manhua Wang , Aya Sasaki , Shu Han , Liang Shi , Tomoaki Ohashi , Nariaki Kuriyama , Feng Guo

Driving is a complex task demanding cognitive readiness and attentional resources. High emotion states, such as anger, can impair driving abilities and increase crash risk. There is a need to investigate how emotion affects driving behavior that leads to safety-critical events (SCEs), which include crashes and near-crashes. This study investigated the temporal sequence from emotion to SCEs using a naturalistic driving dataset, focusing on 193 emotion-involved driving events spanning a total of 7.8 h and their corresponding trips. Detailed data annotation of the selected trips examined associations between emotion, driving errors, and SCEs. The Kaplan-Meier method was employed to investigate the temporal sequence of critical episodes (emotion expression, driving errors, and SCEs). Results showed the risk of committing driving errors was higher when drivers experienced emotions, especially for SCEs. Emotional drivers tended to make more judgment errors than performance errors. Drivers commonly expressed emotion before driving errors, and driving errors frequently preceded SCEs. Eighty percent of crashes and 67% of near-crashes began with emotion followed by driving errors before the SCE. About 20% of near-crashes involved emotion expression or driving errors after the near-crash occurred. With integral emotion triggers (i.e., triggers associated with the driving task), angry drivers were more likely to commit driving errors before expressing emotion. These results highlight the role of emotional regulation in driver safety and provide critical information for developing safety countermeasures to mitigate the hazardous effects of emotion on driving risk.

驾驶是一项复杂的任务，需要认知准备和注意力资源。高情绪状态，如愤怒，会损害驾驶能力，增加撞车风险。有必要研究情绪是如何影响导致安全关键事件（sce）的驾驶行为的，其中包括撞车和差点撞车。本研究利用自然驾驶数据集研究了从情绪到SCEs的时间序列，重点研究了193个涉及情绪的驾驶事件，总时间为7.8 h，以及相应的行程。所选行程的详细数据注释检查了情绪、驾驶错误和SCEs之间的关联。Kaplan-Meier方法用于研究关键事件（情绪表达、驾驶错误和SCEs）的时间序列。结果显示，当司机经历情绪波动时，发生驾驶失误的风险更高，尤其是对sce来说。情绪驱动者倾向于犯更多的判断错误而不是表现错误。驾驶员通常在驾驶错误之前表达情绪，并且驾驶错误经常发生在sce之前。在SCE之前，80%的撞车事故和67%的差点撞车事故是由情绪引起的，其次是驾驶失误。大约20%的差点撞车事故发生后涉及情绪表达或驾驶失误。对于整体情绪触发（即与驾驶任务相关的触发），愤怒的司机更有可能在表达情绪之前犯下驾驶错误。这些结果强调了情绪调节在驾驶员安全中的作用，并为制定安全对策以减轻情绪对驾驶风险的危险影响提供了重要信息。

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引用次数: 0

The effects of camera perspective and augmentation on performance, situation awareness and mental workload of remote assistants of highly automated vehicles 摄像机视角和增强对高度自动化车辆远程助理的工作表现、态势感知和心理负荷的影响

IF 4.4 2区工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2026.103632

Andreas Schrank , Anneke-Sophie Kaas , Stefan Brandenburg , Michael Oehl

In real-world operations, highly automated vehicles (HAVs, SAE Level 4) face many traffic situations they cannot cope with, e.g., situations with adverse weather. Remote human support may help to resolve such situations to increase robustness of HAV operations. In this task context, human-machine interfaces (HMIs) for remote operators of HAVs often present traffic situations similar to the driver's perspective. However, this first-person view is associated with shortcomings including the occlusion of relevant objects on the road or the distortion of distance and angle perception. These shortcomings may affect the performance of the remote operator. An experimental lab study with 37 participants was carried out to investigate if three different camera perspectives affect operator performance, situation awareness, and other operator-related variables in a remote assistance task at a busy urban intersection with mixed traffic. Additionally, the interplay of camera perspectives and video augmentation by visualizing additional sensor data was investigated in an environment with and without adverse weather due to fog. Results indicated that certain performance indicators including decision time were affected by camera perspective. The positive and compensatory impact of augmentation under poor visibility conditions in adverse weather was replicated. Findings suggest that the most suitable perspective highly depends on the specific scenario. The results will help design context-sensitive HMIs for remote assistance of HAVs.

在实际操作中，高度自动化车辆（hav， SAE 4级）面临许多无法应对的交通情况，例如恶劣天气。远程人员支持可能有助于解决这种情况，以增加HAV操作的稳健性。在此任务环境中，用于hav远程操作员的人机界面（hmi）通常呈现与驾驶员视角相似的交通情况。然而，这种第一人称视角的缺点包括道路上相关物体的遮挡或距离和角度感知的扭曲。这些缺点可能会影响远程操作员的性能。在一项有37名参与者参与的实验实验室研究中，研究了三种不同的摄像头视角是否会影响操作员在一个繁忙的城市混合交通十字路口的远程辅助任务中的表现、态势感知和其他与操作员相关的变量。此外，在有或没有雾的恶劣天气环境下，通过可视化额外的传感器数据，研究了摄像机视角和视频增强的相互作用。结果表明，摄像机视角对决策时间等若干性能指标有影响。在恶劣天气的低能见度条件下，增加的积极和补偿性影响被复制。研究结果表明，最合适的视角在很大程度上取决于具体情况。研究结果将有助于为艾滋病病毒感染者的远程援助设计上下文敏感的人机界面。

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引用次数: 0

Will drivers cognitively disengage from previous tasks following scheduled takeovers? Identifying the influencing factors of drivers' attention residue 在计划收购之后，司机是否会从之前的任务中脱离出来？识别驾驶员注意残留的影响因素

IF 4.4 2区工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2026.103641

Jiming Bai , Xu Sun , Shi Cao , Qingfeng Wang , Jiang Wu

In Level 3 automated driving, drivers can engage in non-driving-related tasks (NDRTs) but must resume control when required, known as takeovers. While prior research has predominantly focused on drivers' overt responses to task interruptions during takeovers, the present study examines an underlying cognitive challenge. In particular, drivers may experience attention residue, where cognitive engagement with prior NDRTs persists after switching to manual driving, potentially impairing post-takeover performance. This study employs a mixed-methods approach to investigate factors influencing attention residue during scheduled takeovers. Qualitative interviews identified nine potential factors, six of which were tested through a quantitative experiment under varying driving demands (low vs. high). Generalized linear mixed models confirmed situational motivation, mind wandering tendency while driving, and driving demand as robust predictors of self-reported attention residue. Furthermore, the findings suggest implications for developing targeted interventions to mitigate attention residue in takeover contexts and provide valuable insights for informing future research.

在3级自动驾驶中，驾驶员可以从事与驾驶无关的任务（NDRTs），但必须在需要时恢复控制，即所谓的接管。虽然之前的研究主要集中在司机在收购过程中对任务中断的公开反应上，但本研究考察了一个潜在的认知挑战。特别是，驾驶员可能会经历注意力残留，即在切换到手动驾驶后，与先前NDRTs的认知参与仍然存在，这可能会损害接管后的表现。本研究采用混合方法探讨计划收购中注意残留的影响因素。定性访谈确定了九个潜在因素，其中六个因素通过不同驾驶需求（低与高）下的定量实验进行了测试。广义线性混合模型证实情景动机、驾驶时走神倾向和驾驶需求是自我报告注意残留的可靠预测因子。此外，研究结果为制定有针对性的干预措施以减轻收购背景下的注意残留提供了启示，并为未来的研究提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0