Zoologischer Anzeiger最新文献_第10页

Three-dimensional (3D) photogrammetric-based geometric morphometric analysis of the skull in the social vole (Cricetidae: Microtus) 基于三维摄影测量的群居田鼠（田鼠科）颅骨几何形态测量学分析

IF 1.2 3区生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY

Zoologischer Anzeiger

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.05.006

Ahmet Yesari Selçuk , Alaettin Kaya , Haluk Kefelioğlu

Geometric morphometric analysis has significantly advanced the study of size and shape variation of the mammalian skull. In this study, we used photogrammetry to build three-dimensional models of Microtus skulls to investigate the shape variation of five species using the geometric morphometric approach. We hypothesized that three-dimensional (3D) skull shape data would accurately discriminate between closely related species. Canonical analysis of variance revealed a similar level of species classification based on both 2D and 3D shape data. These findings indicate the precision and accuracy of the photogrammetric method (3D geometric morphometric) in morphologically similar and taxonomically problematic groups, such as Microtus. In species with similar diploid chromosome numbers (Microtus guentheri-M. hartingi and Microtus anatolicus-M. schidlovskii) and in groups in which linear morphometric analyses (Discriminant function analysis and MANOVA) could not distinguish between species (Microtus dogramacii, Microtus schidlovskii, and M. guentheri), the photogrammetry-based 3D GM analyses showed a high level of correct classification rates, demonstrated differences between groups in the cluster dendrogram, and showed significant differences in the shape of the skulls.

几何形态计量学分析极大地推进了哺乳动物颅骨大小和形状变化的研究。在这项研究中，我们利用摄影测量学建立了鼠颅骨的三维模型，利用几何形态测量学方法研究了五个物种的形状变化。我们假设三维（3D）颅骨形状数据可以准确区分近亲物种。典型方差分析显示，基于二维和三维形状数据的物种分类水平相似。这些发现表明了摄影测量方法（三维几何形态测量）在形态相似和分类上有问题的类群（如鼠）中的精度和准确性。在具有相似二倍体染色体数目的种中(田鼠- m。hartingi和Microtus anatolicus-M。在线性形态测量分析（判别函数分析和方差分析）无法区分物种的群体中（dogramacii、schidlovskii和M. guentheri），基于摄影测量的3D GM分析显示了高水平的正确分类率，显示了聚类树突图中不同群体之间的差异，并显示了颅骨形状的显着差异。

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引用次数: 0

A saucerful of secrets: comparative osteology of the genus Copeoglossum Tschudi, 1845 (Squamata: Scincidae) reveals a new species from Central Brazil 一碟秘密：1845年Copeoglossum Tschudi属的比较骨学（鳞片目：鳞片科）揭示了来自巴西中部的一个新种

IF 1.2 3区生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY

Zoologischer Anzeiger

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.05.008

Julio C. Ferreira-Junior , Davor Vrcibradic , Vinícius Sudré , Paulo Passos

The genus Copeoglossum is widely distributed throughout much of the Amazon basin and other regions of central, northern, and eastern South America, including Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela, Guyana, French Guiana, and Suriname. It also occurs in the Lesser Antilles (Redonda, St. Vincent, the Grenadines, Grenada, Trinidad and Tobago). Despite the recent increase in molecular and taxonomic studies on Neotropical skinks, populations of Copeoglossum in northern and eastern South America remain understudied. Here, we examined 380 specimens from 64 localities, representing all currently recognized taxa of the genus Copeoglossum. Specimen preparation included dry skull, clearing and staining, X-ray, and high-resolution computed tomography (μCT). This study provides a detailed anatomical reference for the adult skull of species in the genus Copeoglossum, emphasizing osteological features that may aid in delineating robust species boundaries. Our findings support the recognition of a distinct lineage that does not currently have a formal name (though it has been previously identified in other studies), which we describe herein as a new species based on both cranial osteology and external morphology, as well as molecular evidence. This newly recognized species appears to be endemic to the Cerrado ecoregion, also occurring in transitional areas of Brazil's central-western region.

Copeoglossum属广泛分布在亚马逊河流域的大部分地区以及南美洲中部、北部和东部的其他地区，包括巴西、玻利维亚、哥伦比亚、厄瓜多尔、秘鲁、委内瑞拉、圭亚那、法属圭亚那和苏里南。它也发生在小安的列斯群岛（雷东达、圣文森特、格林纳丁斯、格林纳达、特立尼达和多巴哥）。尽管最近对新热带石龙子的分子和分类研究有所增加，但对南美北部和东部的Copeoglossum种群的研究仍然不足。本文对来自64个地区的380个标本进行了研究，这些标本代表了目前已知的所有Copeoglossum属分类群。标本制备包括干颅骨、清除和染色、x线和高分辨率计算机断层扫描（μCT）。本研究为Copeoglossum属物种的成年颅骨提供了详细的解剖学参考，强调了可能有助于描绘强健物种边界的骨学特征。我们的研究结果支持对一个目前没有正式名称的独特谱系的认识（尽管它已经在其他研究中被确定），我们在此将其描述为基于颅骨学和外部形态学以及分子证据的新物种。这种新发现的物种似乎是塞拉多生态区特有的，也出现在巴西中西部地区的过渡地区。

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引用次数: 0

Morphogenesis and chemical composition of spicules in Doridina (Gastropoda: Nudibranchia) 腹足目：裸鳃鱼针状体的形态发生及化学组成

IF 1.2 3区生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY

Zoologischer Anzeiger

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.06.001

Ekaterina D. Nikitenko , Anna L. Mikhlina , Alexey A. Piryazev , Elena V. Vortsepneva

Among molluscs, hard skeletal elements are widespread. These structures are typically external and synthesized extracellularly, as seen in Polyplacophora, Caudofoveata, and Solenogastres. However, certain heterobranch gastropods—such as Nudibranchia, Acochlidimorpha, Rhodopemorpha—have subepidermal spicules that are synthesized intracellularly and remain within cells throughout ontogeny. Here, we present new data on the morphology and formation of such spicules in four nudibranch species from three families: Acanthodoris pilosa (Abildgaard in Müller, 1789), Adalaria proxima (Alder and Hancock, 1854) (both Onchidorididae), Cadlina laevis (Linnaeus, 1767) (Cadlinidae), and Palio dubia (M. Sars, 1829) (Polyceridae). Using a combination of morphological methods and experimental techniques—including micro-computed tomography, light and confocal laser scanning microscopy, and scanning and transmission electron microscopy—we identified common patterns of spicule maturation and biomineralization, which affect spicules’ internal structure, and delineated their growth zones. Raman spectroscopy further revealed variability in the mineral composition of spicules across different dorid groups.

在软体动物中，坚硬的骨骼元素普遍存在。这些结构通常在细胞外合成，如Polyplacophora、Caudofoveata和Solenogastres。然而，某些异支腹足类动物，如裸鳃、Acochlidimorpha、rhodopemorpha等，其表皮下的针状体在细胞内合成，并在整个个体发育过程中留在细胞内。在此，我们提供了来自3科4种裸鳃植物的针状体形态和形成的新数据：Acanthodoris pilosa （Abildgaard in m ller, 1789）、Adalaria proxima (Alder and Hancock, 1854)（均为Onchidorididae）、Cadlina laevis (Linnaeus, 1767) （Cadlinidae）和Palio dubia (M. Sars, 1829) （Polyceridae）。结合形态学方法和实验技术，包括显微计算机断层扫描、光和共聚焦激光扫描显微镜、扫描和透射电子显微镜，我们确定了影响针状体内部结构的常见针状体成熟和生物矿化模式，并描绘了它们的生长区域。拉曼光谱进一步揭示了针状体矿物组成的差异性。

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引用次数: 0

Milnesium (Tardigrada: Apochela) having elongated buccal tube from Mt. Yukikuradake (Toyama and Niigata prefecture, Japan) 产自日本富山和新泻县的有细长颊管的千禧年虫（缓步目：背肢目）

IF 1.2 3区生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY

Zoologischer Anzeiger

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.06.004

Kenta Sugiura , Atsushi C. Suzuki

The order Apochela (Tardigrada: Eutardigrada) includes Milnesium and three monospecific genera Limmenius, Milnesioides, and Bergtrollus. These three genera have elongated buccal tubes and are found from limited areas in the world: Australia, New Zealand, and the Lyngen Alps in Norway, respectively. The existence of such milnesiids having elongated buccal tube in Japan was once reported at a conference but it has not been described further.

We found the undescribed species again in summer 2023. From a moss sample on the summit of Mt. Yukikuradake, we obtained milnesiid specimens having a narrow, elongated buccal tube. Although the morphological data corresponded to the genus Bergtrollus, molecular phylogeny clearly indicated that the species belonged to the genus Milnesium; therefore, we describe it as Milnesium utsugii sp. nov. Molecular phylogenetic analysis also showed that Milnesioides spp. and M. utsugii sp. nov. were clearly delimited, suggesting that the elongated-mouth evolved at least two times in the family Milnesiidae. Hatchlings of the new species had higher buccal tube width/length ratio compared to the adults, indicating a developmental change to a longer and narrower shape.

This is the fourth species of the genus Milnesium in Japan. Interestingly, the moss sample at the type locality of the new species housed another undescribed Milnesium which was placed within a clade with an undescribed Norwegian species, implying a relationship in zoogeographic histories between M. utsugii sp. nov., Bergtrollus, and the undescribed Milnesium.

步足目（缓步目：准缓步目）包括千禧年目和三个单一属Limmenius、Milnesioides和Bergtrollus。这三个属有细长的颊管，分别在世界上有限的地区发现：澳大利亚，新西兰和挪威的林根阿尔卑斯山。日本曾在一次会议上报道过这种口腔管延长的千禧年虫的存在，但没有进一步的描述。我们在2023年夏天再次发现了未被描述的物种。从Yukikuradake山山顶的苔藓样本中，我们获得了具有窄而细长的颊管的千齿类标本。虽然形态资料属于Bergtrollus属，但分子系统发育明确表明该种属于Milnesium属；分子系统发育分析也表明Milnesioides sp.和m.u utsugii sp. nov.有明显的分界，表明milnesiides spp.和m.u utsugii sp. nov.在Milnesiidae中至少进化了两次。与成虫相比，新种幼体的颊管宽长比更高，表明其发育形态向较长较窄的方向发展。这是日本千禧年属的第四种。有趣的是，在新物种的模式地点的苔藓样本中，另一个未被描述的千禧年物种被放置在一个未被描述的挪威物种的分支中，这意味着M. utsugii sp. nov， Bergtrollus与未被描述的千禧年物种之间在动物地理历史上的关系。

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引用次数: 0

Taxonomic novelties within Brazilian pea crab species: a new genus for Pinnixa latissima Coelho, 1997 and reallocation of Pinnixa gracilipes Coelho, 1997 (Pinnotheridae, Pinnixinae) 巴西豌豆蟹的分类学新异：平蟹科（Pinnotheridae, Pinnixa pinatissima Coelho）一新属（1997）和扁蟹科（Pinnotheridae, pinnitiae）的再分配（1997）

IF 1.2 3区生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY

Zoologischer Anzeiger

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.05.007

Felipe C. Balbino , Ana F. Tamburus , Fernando L. Mantelatto

Coelho (1997) described three new species of Pinnixa for the Brazilian coast, two of which have remained in the genus until now. Both species, Pinnixa gracilipes and Pinnixa latissima, have never been addressed in taxonomic studies since. Recent phylogenetic and taxonomic studies of the subfamily Pinnixinae have led to new perspectives that resulted in the description of new genera and allocation of some species of Pinnixa to other genera. Given this context, the present study reassesses the taxonomic status of P. gracilipes and P. latissima using morphological data. A new genus Brasilixa gen. nov. is formally described and named herein to accommodate P. latissima, which can be distinguished from other pinnixine genera by the relative width of the carapace, the arc-shaped cardiac ridge, the morphology of the third maxilliped and the presence of spines on the basi-ischium of pereopods 4 and 5. Pinnixa gracilipes is reallocated to Rathbunixa based on shared similarities including the well-defined carapace regions, the presence of a triangular elevation on the cardiac region, slender pereopods and similar male first gonopod morphology. A key to genera and species of Pinnixinae of Brazil is also presented.

Coelho（1997）描述了巴西海岸的三种新Pinnixa，其中两种至今仍属于该属。这两个物种，长尾松和阔尾松，从未在分类学研究中得到解决。近年来对鳖亚科的系统发育和分类学研究为鳖亚科的新属描述和某些种的归属开辟了新的视角。在此背景下，本研究利用形态学资料重新评估了细叶青和扁叶青的分类地位。本文正式描述并命名了一个新属Brasilixa gen. 11 .，以容纳P. latisima，它可以通过甲壳的相对宽度、弧形心脏脊、第三上颌部的形态以及准足目动物4和5的基坐骨上的刺的存在与其他松毛虫属区分开来。Pinnixa gracilipes被重新分配给Rathbunixa，基于共同的相似性，包括明确的甲壳区域，心脏区域三角形凸起的存在，细长的准足类和相似的雄性第一性腺形态。还给出了巴西平尼蝇科属和种的检索表。

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引用次数: 0

Addressing the phenotypic plasticity in Boleophthalmus boddarti (Pallas, 1770) from Sundarbans of West Bengal using integrative taxonomy 利用综合分类学研究西孟加拉邦孙德尔本斯Boleophthalmus boddarti （Pallas, 1770）的表型可塑性

IF 1.2 3区生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY

Zoologischer Anzeiger

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.05.009

Ankita Vishwakarma , T.S. Nagesh , Mahender Singh , T.J. Abraham , U.K. Sarkar , Golam Ziauddin

Mudskippers are considered as borderline organisms whose systematics are debatable because of plasticity in their morphological classification. Hence, their biology, systematics and evolutionary studies have attracted several researchers nowadays. The present work sorts to characterize the Boddart's goggle-eyed goby Boleophthalmus boddarti sampled from Sundarbans of West Bengal from May 2023 to February 2024, employing an integrative taxonomy approach using morphometry and two molecular genes: cytochrome c oxidase subunit (COI) and ribosomal RNA (16S). Fourteen morphometric parameters were measured for 102 specimens and the data were subjected to univariate ANOVA and principal component analysis. The standard deviation ranged from low i.e., 0.11 to 0.40 for eight parameters, medium 0.46 to 0.70 for four parameters and high 1.70 to 1.95 for two parameters. Low and medium standard deviations in parameters indicated the low variability among data clustering more are around the mean closely. Principal component analysis determined those two components, PC1 and PC2, accounted for 78.41 % of the observed variation. Positive correlation seen in plots 1 and 2 between standard length, total length, second dorsal fin length, anal fin length, head length, pre-dorsal length, head depth, first dorsal fin length and body depth. A molecular marker used for the reconstruction of the phylogenetic trees revealed that species followed monophyletic clade in concordance with the specimens of Bangladesh. Interspecific genetic distance ranged from 0.121 to 0.170 while intraspecific distance ranged from 0.002 to 0.016 for COI and for 16S interspecific genetic distances varied from 0.147 to 0.597 while intraspecific ranged from 0.000 to 0.004. The result showed all specimens belong to one species and no speciation seen among populations of three zones of Sundarbans.

弹涂鱼被认为是一种边缘生物，由于其形态分类的可塑性，其系统分类学存在争议。因此，它们的生物学、系统学和进化研究如今吸引了许多研究者。本文采用形态学和细胞色素c氧化酶亚基（COI）和核糖体RNA （16S）两种分子基因的综合分类方法，对2023年5月至2024年2月在西孟加拉邦孙德尔本斯采集的波达特护眼虾虎鱼Boleophthalmus boddarti进行了分类。对102个标本的14个形态计量参数进行了测量，并对数据进行了单因素方差分析和主成分分析。标准偏差低，8个参数为0.11 ~ 0.40；中，4个参数为0.46 ~ 0.70；高，2个参数为1.70 ~ 1.95。参数的低和中标准差表明数据聚类之间的变异性较低，更接近平均值。主成分分析表明，PC1和PC2占观测变异的78.41%。在图1和图2中，标准体长、总体长、第二背鳍长、肛鳍长、头长、前背长、头深、第一背鳍长和体深呈正相关。用于系统发育树重建的分子标记显示，物种遵循与孟加拉国标本一致的单系进化枝。COI和16S的种间遗传距离为0.121 ~ 0.170，种内遗传距离为0.002 ~ 0.016，种间遗传距离为0.147 ~ 0.597，种内遗传距离为0.000 ~ 0.004。结果表明，所有标本均属于同一种，在孙德尔本斯3个带的种群间未见物种形成。

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引用次数: 0

Comparative histological analysis of the pallial eyes of Zygochlamys patagonica and Argopecten purpuratus, two scallop species from the southeastern Pacific 东南太平洋两种扇贝（Zygochlamys patagonica和Argopecten purpuratus）苍白眼的比较组织学分析

IF 1.2 3区生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY

Zoologischer Anzeiger

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.06.005

Alejandra Díaz-Valdivia , Pablo Herrera , Doris Oliva , Oliver Schmachtenberg

The visual system of the Pectinidae family of bivalve mollusks is exceptional because of the number and complexity of their eyes. The non-cephalic eyes of pectinids consist of a cornea, a lens, a double retina, a pigment epithelium, and a concave mirror. While prior studies have addressed the anatomy and putative functions of pectinid eyes, the cellular components and their adaptations to different habitats have been explored in only a few scallop species. The Northern scallop Argopecten purpuratus and the Patagonian scallop Zygochlamys patagonica are important hydrobiological resources which inhabit different latitudes in the southeastern Pacific (5°S to 33°S and 40° to 48°S, respectively). The present study characterized and compared the components of the pallial eyes of the two species with light, confocal and electron microscopy, to improve our understanding of the sensory adaptations to their different habitats. While most cellular elements, including the ciliary and rhabdomeric photoreceptors, are morphologically similar and ostensibly conserved, some structures such as the cornea and the lens display significant differences between A. purpuratus and Z. patagonica. Overall, the cellular complexity and structural sophistication of pectinid eyes highlight the critical role of vision in scallop ecology and behavior.

双壳类软体动物的果胶科的视觉系统是特殊的，因为他们的眼睛的数量和复杂性。果胶虫的非头状眼由角膜、晶状体、双视网膜、色素上皮和凹面镜组成。虽然先前的研究已经解决了果胶眼的解剖和假定功能，但仅在少数扇贝物种中探索了细胞成分及其对不同栖息地的适应。北方扇贝（Argopecten purpuratus）和巴塔哥尼亚扇贝（Zygochlamys patagonica）是重要的水生生物资源，分布在东南太平洋不同纬度（分别为5°S ~ 33°S和40°S ~ 48°S）。本研究利用光学、共聚焦和电子显微镜对这两种动物的白眼进行了表征和比较，以提高我们对它们不同栖息地的感官适应的认识。虽然大多数细胞成分，包括睫状体和横纹肌光感受器，在形态上是相似的，表面上是保守的，但一些结构，如角膜和晶状体，在紫癜和巴塔哥尼察之间显示出显著的差异。总之，果胶眼的细胞复杂性和结构复杂性突出了视觉在扇贝生态和行为中的关键作用。

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引用次数: 0

Detailed taxonomy and morphological analyses of two key ostracod species from Patagonia, Argentina: distribution and implications for paleoenvironmental reconstructions 阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚两种介形类的详细分类和形态分析：分布及其古环境重建意义

IF 1.2 3区生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY

Zoologischer Anzeiger

Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.05.001

Alejandra P. Pérez, Corina Coviaga, Lorena Ramos, Pablo Alvear, Gabriela Cusminsky

Limnocythere rionegroensis and Limnocythere patagonica are among the most widely distributed ostracod species in Patagonia, Argentina, and are commonly used as proxies in paleoenvironmental reconstructions. Despite their relevance, a taxonomic revision was necessary due to the lack of detailed morphological descriptions. Here, we provide the first comprehensive anatomical characterization of the soft parts of both species. Our findings also underscore the diagnostic value of female genital morphology for ostracod species identification. We evaluate intra- and interspecific morphological variability across multiple populations, documenting size variation in both species and ornamentation differences in L. rionegroensis. Morphometric and anatomical analyses confirm that these variations fall within the range of intraspecific variability. We also explore the environmental preferences, geographic distributions, and significance of these taxa as climate indicators. Both species exhibit broad distributions across northern and southern Patagonia. Although they rarely co-occur in modern or recent assemblages, they are frequently found together in the sedimentary record, suggesting that limited coexistence may result from narrow environmental tolerances rather than geographic isolation. Our results clarify the taxonomic status and ensure the nomenclatural stability of both species. By integrating taxonomic, morphometric, environmental, and geographic data from numerous populations, this study improves the accuracy and reliability of paleoenvironmental reconstructions in Patagonia—a key region for understanding Holocene climate dynamics in the Southern Hemisphere.

Limnocythere rionegroensis和Limnocythere patagonica是阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚地区分布最广泛的介形类，常被用作古环境重建的代用物。尽管它们具有相关性，但由于缺乏详细的形态学描述，分类修订是必要的。在这里，我们提供了两个物种的软部分的第一个全面的解剖特征。我们的研究结果也强调了雌性生殖器形态在介形虫种类鉴定中的诊断价值。我们评估了多个种群的种内和种间形态变异，记录了两个物种的大小变化和L. rionegroensis的纹饰差异。形态计量学和解剖学分析证实，这些变异属于种内变异的范围。我们还探讨了这些分类群的环境偏好、地理分布及其作为气候指标的意义。这两个物种在巴塔哥尼亚北部和南部都有广泛的分布。虽然它们很少同时出现在现代或近代的组合中，但在沉积记录中却经常发现它们同时出现，这表明有限的共存可能是由于狭窄的环境容忍度，而不是地理隔离。我们的研究结果明确了这两个物种的分类地位，并确保了其命名的稳定性。通过整合来自大量种群的分类、形态、环境和地理数据，本研究提高了巴塔哥尼亚古环境重建的准确性和可靠性——巴塔哥尼亚是了解南半球全新世气候动力学的关键地区。

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引用次数: 0

Larval chaetotaxy and morphometry of Coelostomatini and Sphaeridiini (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): Insights into terrestrial adaptations of Dactylosternum Wollaston, Hydroglobus Knisch, and Sphaeridium Fabricius Coelostomatini和Sphaeridiini（鞘翅目：亲水蝇科）幼虫的毛囊分类和形态测定：对Dactylosternum Wollaston、Hydroglobus Knisch和Sphaeridium Fabricius陆地适应性的研究

IF 1.2 3区生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY

Zoologischer Anzeiger

Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.02.005

Georgina Rodriguez , Miguel Archangelsky , Patricia Laura María Torres

This study presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of larvae from the Coelostomatini and Sphaeridiini tribes of Sphaeridiinae. The chaetotaxy of the head capsule and head appendages of larvae of Dactylosternum abdominale (Fabricius), Dactylosternum cf. subrotundum (Fabricius), Hydroglobus puncticollis (Bruch) and Sphaeridium scarabaeoides (Linnaeus) is described and illustrated. Morphometric characters from the head capsule and mouthparts are included, along with detailed illustrations and scanning electron microscope photographs of all characters. Morphology and chaetotaxy of these larvae are compared with those of other Sphaeridiinae. Coelostomatini revealed two distinct ecomorphotypes, terrestrial and aquatic, with adaptations reflecting their respective environments. The somatic morphology of Dactylosternum larvae shows convergence with those inhabiting decaying organic matter, such as Sphaeridiini and Megasternini, indicating common adaptive strategies across tribes. However, Dactylosternum cf. subrotundum shows ambiguous characteristics between terrestrial and aquatic morphotypes, suggesting a distinct adaptive strategy in terrestrial environments. No putative shared larval apomorphies were observed to support a phylogenetic relationship between Hydroglobus and Phaenonotum as close as previously assumed. Detailed comparisons among Sphaeridium larval instars reveal variations in chaetotaxy and morphometry of head structures and appendages.

本文对球形蝇科Coelostomatini和Sphaeridiini两种幼虫进行了全面的比较分析。本文描述并说明了腹足足（fabicius）、圆形下足足（fabicius）、斑点水球（Hydroglobus puncticollis）和圣甲虫（Sphaeridium scarabaeoides）幼虫头囊和头附属物的毛分类学。从头部胶囊和口器形态计量特征包括在内，随着详细的插图和扫描电子显微镜照片的所有字符。将这些幼虫的形态和毛分类学与其他球形蛛科的幼虫进行了比较。Coelostomatini显示了两种不同的生态形态，陆生和水生，其适应反映了各自的环境。Dactylosternum幼虫的躯体形态与栖息在腐烂有机物中的Sphaeridiini和Megasternini幼虫表现出趋同，表明不同部落之间有共同的适应策略。然而，Dactylosternum cf. subrotundum在陆地和水生形态之间表现出模糊的特征，表明其在陆地环境中具有不同的适应策略。没有观察到共同的幼虫形态，以支持水球虫和现象虫之间的系统发育关系，如以前所假设的那样密切。通过详细的比较，我们发现了球孢幼虫在毛分类学和头部结构及附属物形态上的差异。

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引用次数: 0

Tyletelmis Hinton, 1972 (Coleoptera: Elmidae) loses its monotypic status: genus revision, new species, and morphological phylogeny 叶蝉，1972（鞘翅目：叶蝉科）单型地位的丧失：属修订、新种及形态系统发育

IF 1.2 3区生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY

Zoologischer Anzeiger

Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.04.001

André S. Fernandes , Thiago T.S. Polizei , Neusa Hamada

Tyletelmis is currently an exclusive Amazonian genus, known only from its type species Tyletelmis mila Hinton, 1972, and represents one of the last taxa described by the renowned entomologist H. E. Hinton. This genus is one of the 12 remaining monotypic genera of Neotropical elmids and has not been taxonomically studied since its original description. Here, we present a review of Tyletelmis, in which the genus and its type species are redescribed, and four new species from Brazil are described: Tyletelmis assai sp. nov., Tyletelmis pupunha sp. nov., Tyletelmis tucuman sp. nov., and Tyletelmis buriti sp. nov. The first three new species occur in the Amazon biome, while the last one occurs in both the Amazon and the Cerrado (central Brazilian savanna) biome. The morphology of the genus is illustrated and described in detail for the first time. Our morphological phylogenetic analysis recovered Tyletelmis as monophyletic, and the relationships among its species are discussed. A diagnosis and a phylogeny-based species key are provided, along with a map showing their known distribution.

Tyletelmis目前是亚马逊独有的属，仅从其模式种Tyletelmis mila Hinton， 1972年，代表着著名昆虫学家h.e. Hinton描述的最后分类群之一。本属是新热带elmids现存的12个单型属之一，自其最初描述以来尚未对其进行分类研究。摘要本文对巴西的泰莱姆斯（Tyletelmis assai sp. nov.）、泰莱姆斯（Tyletelmis pupunha sp. nov.）、泰莱姆斯（Tyletelmis tucuman sp. nov.）和泰莱姆斯（Tyletelmis buriti sp. nov.）进行了研究，并对该属及其模式种进行了重新描述。前3种新种出现在亚马逊地区，后1种出现在亚马逊和塞拉多（巴西中部热带草原）地区。本文首次对该属植物的形态作了详细的描述。我们的形态系统发育分析恢复了柱头草为单系植物，并讨论了其种间的关系。提供了诊断和基于系统发育的物种键，以及显示其已知分布的地图。

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引用次数: 0