Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.3126/jnhm.v30i0.27541
Bishok Dangol, M. Chalise
Presence of the red panda was assessed in Rachuli Village Development Committee (VDC)(latitude 290 1.98’ N to 2903.57’ N and longitude 81013.52’ E to 81015.87’ E, at altitudinal range between 1800 to 4400 masl), Kalikot, mid-west Nepal. The interaction and interviews with local peoples was organised to collect initial confirmation on occurrence of the red panda. For sign survey of animal, altogether 20 quadrate plots (each of 10×10 sq. meters) at the point where pellets of red panda were found, were laid between altitude of 2800 m to 3300 masl. The presence of Red panda pellets in the study area was major evidence of presence of redpanda in the area. The lowest altitude in which pellet found was 2993 m and the highest was3297 m. The highest number of pellets was observed in altitudinal range of 3100 m to 3150m. The average number of pellets per group was 10.13 ± 5.33. The typical dominant species of trees in red panda habitat were Betula utilis, Abies spectabilis and Quercus semecarpifolia observed with the highest Important Value Index (IVI) of 83.80, 75.83 and 52.80 respectively. Nigalo (Thamnocalamus sp.), the most preferable food plant of red panda, was distributed widely in the study range. The number of pellets groups in the plots and nigalo density were positively correlated (0.795, significant statistically at 0.01 levels (2-tailed)).
{"title":"Evidences of red panda in Rachuli VDC, Kalikot district, Nepal","authors":"Bishok Dangol, M. Chalise","doi":"10.3126/jnhm.v30i0.27541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jnhm.v30i0.27541","url":null,"abstract":"Presence of the red panda was assessed in Rachuli Village Development Committee (VDC)(latitude 290 1.98’ N to 2903.57’ N and longitude 81013.52’ E to 81015.87’ E, at altitudinal range between 1800 to 4400 masl), Kalikot, mid-west Nepal. The interaction and interviews with local peoples was organised to collect initial confirmation on occurrence of the red panda. For sign survey of animal, altogether 20 quadrate plots (each of 10×10 sq. meters) at the point where pellets of red panda were found, were laid between altitude of 2800 m to 3300 masl. The presence of Red panda pellets in the study area was major evidence of presence of redpanda in the area. The lowest altitude in which pellet found was 2993 m and the highest was3297 m. The highest number of pellets was observed in altitudinal range of 3100 m to 3150m. The average number of pellets per group was 10.13 ± 5.33. The typical dominant species of trees in red panda habitat were Betula utilis, Abies spectabilis and Quercus semecarpifolia observed with the highest Important Value Index (IVI) of 83.80, 75.83 and 52.80 respectively. Nigalo (Thamnocalamus sp.), the most preferable food plant of red panda, was distributed widely in the study range. The number of pellets groups in the plots and nigalo density were positively correlated (0.795, significant statistically at 0.01 levels (2-tailed)).","PeriodicalId":89691,"journal":{"name":"Journal of natural history museum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3126/jnhm.v30i0.27541","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45349746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.3126/jnhm.v30i0.27558
R. Basnet, Dolraj Luintel, K. Bhattarai, M. Joshi, K. Sapkota
The tropical wetland flora from western Nepal is less explored in comparison to the temperate and alpine region. This study was therefore undertaken to document the vascular plants found on the foot trail of surrounding Betkot Lake, in Chure (Siwalik) hills of Kanchanpur in far western Nepal. The study documented a total of 63 plant species of 40 families belonging to 4 life forms: herbs (31 species), shrubs (14 species), trees (15 species) and climbers (3species). This present study could be a baseline for further research.
{"title":"Wetland flora of Betkot lake, far western Nepal","authors":"R. Basnet, Dolraj Luintel, K. Bhattarai, M. Joshi, K. Sapkota","doi":"10.3126/jnhm.v30i0.27558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jnhm.v30i0.27558","url":null,"abstract":"The tropical wetland flora from western Nepal is less explored in comparison to the temperate and alpine region. This study was therefore undertaken to document the vascular plants found on the foot trail of surrounding Betkot Lake, in Chure (Siwalik) hills of Kanchanpur in far western Nepal. The study documented a total of 63 plant species of 40 families belonging to 4 life forms: herbs (31 species), shrubs (14 species), trees (15 species) and climbers (3species). This present study could be a baseline for further research.","PeriodicalId":89691,"journal":{"name":"Journal of natural history museum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3126/jnhm.v30i0.27558","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43274844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.3126/jnhm.v30i0.27573
A. Prasad, R. Puri
Different parts of plant have been used since many decades by humans for catching fishes. In this investigation, ‘ketuke ‘leaf effect was observed on behavioral change and histological alterations in the kidney of Clarias batrachus. Few fishes were kept as control i.e. not exposed to plant piscicide. The other fishes were exposed to 3gm per 30 liters of water for 24 and 48 hrs. In exposed fish’s restlessness, vigorous movement, excessive secretion of slime and loss of appetite was seen. Histologically, glomerular contraction, clumping of melanomacrophages, degeneration of epithelial tissue along with the degeneration of renal tubules and others were seen. Increase in the Bowman’s space was one of the noticeable changes. Extract accumulation was seen in the tissues. Exposure to sub lethal concentrations of Ketuke (Agave americana), caused duration dependent histopathological alterations in the kidney of Clarias batrachus which is discussed in the paper.
{"title":"Agave americana (Ketuke) toxicity in the kidney of Clarias batrachus","authors":"A. Prasad, R. Puri","doi":"10.3126/jnhm.v30i0.27573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jnhm.v30i0.27573","url":null,"abstract":"Different parts of plant have been used since many decades by humans for catching fishes. In this investigation, ‘ketuke ‘leaf effect was observed on behavioral change and histological alterations in the kidney of Clarias batrachus. Few fishes were kept as control i.e. not exposed to plant piscicide. The other fishes were exposed to 3gm per 30 liters of water for 24 and 48 hrs. In exposed fish’s restlessness, vigorous movement, excessive secretion of slime and loss of appetite was seen. Histologically, glomerular contraction, clumping of melanomacrophages, degeneration of epithelial tissue along with the degeneration of renal tubules and others were seen. Increase in the Bowman’s space was one of the noticeable changes. Extract accumulation was seen in the tissues. Exposure to sub lethal concentrations of Ketuke (Agave americana), caused duration dependent histopathological alterations in the kidney of Clarias batrachus which is discussed in the paper.","PeriodicalId":89691,"journal":{"name":"Journal of natural history museum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3126/jnhm.v30i0.27573","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43320725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.3126/jnhm.v30i0.27539
D. Jha
Chitwan district is endowed with varied aquatic resources which harbor diverse fish species in central Nepal. A total of 111 fish species were collected from different sampling sites of several tributaries of Trisuli, Rapti and Narayani river systems in Chitwan district and adjacent areas from August 2011 to July 2016. These species belong to 9 orders, 27 families and 72genera. Among the orders, Cypriniformes had the highest number of species (49%) followed by Siluriformes (30%), Perciformes (12%), Synbranchiformes (3%), Osteoglossiformes (2%) while Anguiliformes, Beloniformes, Clupeiformes and Tetraodontiformes represented each by about 1%. Cyprinidae has the highest number of species (40%) among the families followed by Sisoridae (12%), Bagridae (7%), Cobitidae (5.4%), Schilbeidae (4.5%), Channidae (3.6%), Balitoridae (2.7%), Mastacembelidae (2.7%), Siluridae (2.7%), Notopteridae (1.8%), Ambassidae (1.8%), Nandidae (1.8%) and Mugilidae (1.8%). Other families accounted forabout 1% were Anguillidae, Belonidae, Clupeidae, Psilorhynchidae, Anabantidae, Gobiidae, Belontidae, Synbranchidae, Amblycipitidae, Pangasidae, Clariidae, Heteropneustidae, Chacidae and Tetraodontidae. The Botia geto was reported for the first time from Rapti river of Chitwan and adjacent area. Different fish species are naturally maintained in aquatic systems and support livelihoods of the people. Catches of major food fishes are declining due to overexploitation of resources, therefore, appropriate measures are needed at once to maintain and conserve the indigenous stock.
{"title":"Species diversity, distribution and status of fishes in Chitwan district and adjacent areas, Nepal","authors":"D. Jha","doi":"10.3126/jnhm.v30i0.27539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jnhm.v30i0.27539","url":null,"abstract":"Chitwan district is endowed with varied aquatic resources which harbor diverse fish species in central Nepal. A total of 111 fish species were collected from different sampling sites of several tributaries of Trisuli, Rapti and Narayani river systems in Chitwan district and adjacent areas from August 2011 to July 2016. These species belong to 9 orders, 27 families and 72genera. Among the orders, Cypriniformes had the highest number of species (49%) followed by Siluriformes (30%), Perciformes (12%), Synbranchiformes (3%), Osteoglossiformes (2%) while Anguiliformes, Beloniformes, Clupeiformes and Tetraodontiformes represented each by about 1%. Cyprinidae has the highest number of species (40%) among the families followed by Sisoridae (12%), Bagridae (7%), Cobitidae (5.4%), Schilbeidae (4.5%), Channidae (3.6%), Balitoridae (2.7%), Mastacembelidae (2.7%), Siluridae (2.7%), Notopteridae (1.8%), Ambassidae (1.8%), Nandidae (1.8%) and Mugilidae (1.8%). Other families accounted forabout 1% were Anguillidae, Belonidae, Clupeidae, Psilorhynchidae, Anabantidae, Gobiidae, Belontidae, Synbranchidae, Amblycipitidae, Pangasidae, Clariidae, Heteropneustidae, Chacidae and Tetraodontidae. The Botia geto was reported for the first time from Rapti river of Chitwan and adjacent area. Different fish species are naturally maintained in aquatic systems and support livelihoods of the people. Catches of major food fishes are declining due to overexploitation of resources, therefore, appropriate measures are needed at once to maintain and conserve the indigenous stock.","PeriodicalId":89691,"journal":{"name":"Journal of natural history museum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3126/jnhm.v30i0.27539","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47002556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.3126/jnhm.v30i0.27553
J. Adhikari, B. Bhattarai, T. Thapa
Wetlands provide major ecological services for feeding and breeding places of a large number of water birds in many parts of the globe and also play a vital role in conservation of threatened species. Wetlands in Nepal support a total of 27% of nationally threatened birds. Barandabhar forest is only one vertical (south-north) bio-corridor that links two different ecosystems, CNP and the Mahabharat hill range. Eight wetlands were selected for water birds monitoring by using area search and point count methods to explore the diversity and conservation threats of water birds in Barandabhar corridor forest. This study recorded 3664 individuals of water birds belonging to 54 species, 11 orders and 13 families in which the highest numbers of the species were belonged to order Passeriformes (17 species). The diversity of water birds in eight different wetlands showed the highest diversity in Rapti river (H= 3.403), followed by Beeshazari lakesystem (H= 3.401), Batulpokari lake area (H= 3.377) and the rest of others. The least diversityof water birds was found in Gundremandre lake (H=2.210). Similarly, the species dominance was more in Gundremandre lake (D=0.189) than Beeshazari (D=0.046) and Batulpokhari (D=0.042). The species richness in various habitats association with wetlands showed that Shorea forest association was utilized very less as compared to its availability. Fishermen (r= -0.391, t = 10.6, P<0.0001) and livestock pressure (r = -0.276, t = 6.63, P = 0.0009) caused the significant negative impact on the occurrence of water birds in many parts of the study sites. The study suggests that annual flooding in the rivers (e.g., Rapti, Budhirapti and Khageririvers), human disturbance (e.g., livestock grazing and fishing), habitat loss and degradation, declining water quality and quantity caused by eutrophication and chemical pollution are the major threats of water bird communities in Barandabhar corridor forest.
湿地在全球许多地方为大量水鸟提供觅食和繁殖的重要生态服务，在保护濒危物种方面也发挥着重要作用。尼泊尔的湿地供养着27%的国家濒危鸟类。巴兰达哈尔森林只是一个垂直的(南北向)生物走廊，连接着两个不同的生态系统，CNP和Mahabharat山脉。采用面积搜索法和点计数法，选取8个湿地进行水鸟监测，探讨巴兰达哈尔廊道林水鸟的多样性及其保护威胁。共录得水鸟3664只，隶属于13科11目54种，其中雀形目最多(17种)。8个不同湿地的水鸟多样性以Rapti河最高(H= 3.403)，其次为Beeshazari湖区(H= 3.401)、Batulpokari湖区(H= 3.377)。水鸟多样性最少的是贡德曼德湖(H=2.210)。Gundremandre湖的优势度(D=0.189)高于Beeshazari湖(D=0.046)和Batulpokhari湖(D=0.042)。不同生境与湿地关联的物种丰富度表明，Shorea林关联的利用程度低于可利用程度。渔民(r= -0.391, t = 10.6, P<0.0001)和牲畜压力(r= -0.276, t = 6.63, P = 0.0009)对许多研究点水鸟的发生有显著的负面影响。研究表明，河流(如Rapti河、Budhirapti河和khageririver河)的年度洪水、人类干扰(如牲畜放牧和捕鱼)、栖息地丧失和退化、富营养化和化学污染引起的水质和数量下降是巴兰达哈尔走廊森林水鸟群落的主要威胁。
{"title":"Diversity and conservation threats of water birds in and around Barandabhar corridor forest, Chitwan, Nepal","authors":"J. Adhikari, B. Bhattarai, T. Thapa","doi":"10.3126/jnhm.v30i0.27553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jnhm.v30i0.27553","url":null,"abstract":"Wetlands provide major ecological services for feeding and breeding places of a large number of water birds in many parts of the globe and also play a vital role in conservation of threatened species. Wetlands in Nepal support a total of 27% of nationally threatened birds. Barandabhar forest is only one vertical (south-north) bio-corridor that links two different ecosystems, CNP and the Mahabharat hill range. Eight wetlands were selected for water birds monitoring by using area search and point count methods to explore the diversity and conservation threats of water birds in Barandabhar corridor forest. This study recorded 3664 individuals of water birds belonging to 54 species, 11 orders and 13 families in which the highest numbers of the species were belonged to order Passeriformes (17 species). The diversity of water birds in eight different wetlands showed the highest diversity in Rapti river (H= 3.403), followed by Beeshazari lakesystem (H= 3.401), Batulpokari lake area (H= 3.377) and the rest of others. The least diversityof water birds was found in Gundremandre lake (H=2.210). Similarly, the species dominance was more in Gundremandre lake (D=0.189) than Beeshazari (D=0.046) and Batulpokhari (D=0.042). The species richness in various habitats association with wetlands showed that Shorea forest association was utilized very less as compared to its availability. Fishermen (r= -0.391, t = 10.6, P<0.0001) and livestock pressure (r = -0.276, t = 6.63, P = 0.0009) caused the significant negative impact on the occurrence of water birds in many parts of the study sites. The study suggests that annual flooding in the rivers (e.g., Rapti, Budhirapti and Khageririvers), human disturbance (e.g., livestock grazing and fishing), habitat loss and degradation, declining water quality and quantity caused by eutrophication and chemical pollution are the major threats of water bird communities in Barandabhar corridor forest.","PeriodicalId":89691,"journal":{"name":"Journal of natural history museum","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3126/jnhm.v30i0.27553","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69291915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.3126/jnhm.v30i0.27374
I. Diedhiou, R. Bayala, M. Sagna, Diedhiou Pape Madiallacke
Jatropha curcas is the priority species for biofuel promotion in Senegal. However the lack of knowledge on floral biology and fruiting of this plant remains a problem to increase its yield and improve farmers’ adoption. The objectives of this study were to assess seasonal changes on flowering and fruiting of six accessions of Jatropha curcas in semi-arid area, Senegal. In this study the total number of inflorescences, flowers and fruits were evaluated during six month son four years old plants, installed in the Agricultural Engineering School ( ENSA) of Thies. The results showed significant effect of the studied factors (season, accession) and interaction between them on floral and fruiting traits of J. curcas. Due to more favorable climatic conditions, the performance of flowering is better in the wet season. During this season, the number of male and female flowers ranged, respectively from 107.47–191.60 and from 2.47–11.87 per inflorescence. Consequently, ripe fruits production was higher in wet season and varied between66 and 97% of the total production. Two peaks of flowering were observed; the first one occurred in dry season (April, 24th- June 6th) and the second, with the highest number of inflorescences, arrived in wet season (8 - 22 July). Fruiting patterns is highest concentration between at the end of the wet season (September 15th and October 3rd).High seed yields were observed with the accessions CE6 (2739.3 kg ha-1), CE97 (1451.0 kg ha-1) and CE95 (1326.3 kg ha-1) that are promising for biofuel production in semi-arid areas of Senegal.
麻疯树是塞内加尔推广生物燃料的优先物种。然而，缺乏对这种植物的花生物学和结果的了解仍然是提高产量和提高农民采用率的一个问题。本研究的目的是评估塞内加尔半干旱地区麻疯树6份材料开花和结果的季节变化。在这项研究中，对安装在Thies农业工程学校（ENSA）的六个月大的四岁大的植物的花序、花朵和果实总数进行了评估。结果表明，所研究的因素（季节、入种）及其相互作用对油麻花和结果性状有显著影响。由于气候条件比较有利，雨季开花表现较好。在这个季节，每个花序的雄花和雌花数量分别为107.47–191.60和2.47–11.87。因此，成熟果实产量在雨季较高，占总产量的66%至97%不等。观察到两个开花高峰；第一次出现在旱季（4月24日至6月6日），第二次出现在雨季（7月8日至22日），花序数量最多。在雨季结束时（9月15日至10月3日），结果模式最为集中。在塞内加尔半干旱地区生产生物燃料的材料CE6（2739.3 kg ha-1）、CE97（1451.0 kg ha-1。
{"title":"Flowering and fruiting seasonal changes of six accessions of Jatropha curcas L. in a semi-arid region of Senegal","authors":"I. Diedhiou, R. Bayala, M. Sagna, Diedhiou Pape Madiallacke","doi":"10.3126/jnhm.v30i0.27374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jnhm.v30i0.27374","url":null,"abstract":"Jatropha curcas is the priority species for biofuel promotion in Senegal. However the lack of knowledge on floral biology and fruiting of this plant remains a problem to increase its yield and improve farmers’ adoption. The objectives of this study were to assess seasonal changes on flowering and fruiting of six accessions of Jatropha curcas in semi-arid area, Senegal. In this study the total number of inflorescences, flowers and fruits were evaluated during six month son four years old plants, installed in the Agricultural Engineering School ( ENSA) of Thies. The results showed significant effect of the studied factors (season, accession) and interaction between them on floral and fruiting traits of J. curcas. Due to more favorable climatic conditions, the performance of flowering is better in the wet season. During this season, the number of male and female flowers ranged, respectively from 107.47–191.60 and from 2.47–11.87 per inflorescence. Consequently, ripe fruits production was higher in wet season and varied between66 and 97% of the total production. Two peaks of flowering were observed; the first one occurred in dry season (April, 24th- June 6th) and the second, with the highest number of inflorescences, arrived in wet season (8 - 22 July). Fruiting patterns is highest concentration between at the end of the wet season (September 15th and October 3rd).High seed yields were observed with the accessions CE6 (2739.3 kg ha-1), CE97 (1451.0 kg ha-1) and CE95 (1326.3 kg ha-1) that are promising for biofuel production in semi-arid areas of Senegal.","PeriodicalId":89691,"journal":{"name":"Journal of natural history museum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47377808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.3126/jnhm.v30i0.27550
B. Aryal, B. Bhattarai, M. Pandey, Anjana Giri
Forest floor fires are known to be significantly important in carbon sequestration in soil. The present study investigated the total soil carbon stock (charcoal+soil organic carbon) andCO2 flux from four different depths (0-2, 2-10, 10-30 and >30cm) in fired and unfired forest of P. roxburghii from Langtang National Park, Nepal. The aim of this study was to test the impact of forest floor fire on soil carbon sequestration. We measured total carbon stock in soil of unfired and fired sites of different intensities namely: high frequency and high intensity, high frequency and moderate intensity and high frequency and low intensity. There was significant difference (P=0.00) of the soil organic carbon between the sites and different soil depths tested by one-way ANOVA. Similarly, one-way ANOVA test showed that soil charcoal stock was significantly different (P=0.00) at different soil depths. The value of CO2 flux was increased with increasing volumetric water content and decreasing soil temperature. One-way ANOVA showed significant difference (P=0.00) of volumetric water content, soil temperature and CO2 flux between the sites. In high frequency and medium intensity site, high amount of carbon sequestrated in soil suggested that fire of medium intensity mitigates high CO2 from the atmosphere.
{"title":"Impact of forest floor fire on soil carbon sequestration of Pinus roxburghii forest in Langtang National Park, Nepal","authors":"B. Aryal, B. Bhattarai, M. Pandey, Anjana Giri","doi":"10.3126/jnhm.v30i0.27550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jnhm.v30i0.27550","url":null,"abstract":"Forest floor fires are known to be significantly important in carbon sequestration in soil. The present study investigated the total soil carbon stock (charcoal+soil organic carbon) andCO2 flux from four different depths (0-2, 2-10, 10-30 and >30cm) in fired and unfired forest of P. roxburghii from Langtang National Park, Nepal. The aim of this study was to test the impact of forest floor fire on soil carbon sequestration. We measured total carbon stock in soil of unfired and fired sites of different intensities namely: high frequency and high intensity, high frequency and moderate intensity and high frequency and low intensity. There was significant difference (P=0.00) of the soil organic carbon between the sites and different soil depths tested by one-way ANOVA. Similarly, one-way ANOVA test showed that soil charcoal stock was significantly different (P=0.00) at different soil depths. The value of CO2 flux was increased with increasing volumetric water content and decreasing soil temperature. One-way ANOVA showed significant difference (P=0.00) of volumetric water content, soil temperature and CO2 flux between the sites. In high frequency and medium intensity site, high amount of carbon sequestrated in soil suggested that fire of medium intensity mitigates high CO2 from the atmosphere.","PeriodicalId":89691,"journal":{"name":"Journal of natural history museum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48646609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.3126/jnhm.v30i0.27602
K. Khatri, M. Maharjan
Ostrich and Emu farming have been lunched with a very new concept to Nepalese market for their product in which parasitic diseases may cause significant effect to their production. In order to determine prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites of Emu, a total of 100faecalsamples were collected during the month of May/July 2015. All samples were microscopically examined by using direct smear and concentration techniques (floatation and sedimentation).Out of 100 faecal samples, 65% were found positive for gastrointestinal parasites. Overall, seven different species of gastrointestinal parasites including two protozoan, three nematodes and two cestodes were recorded. Amongprotozoan parasites, Eimeria sp. (30%) was more prevalent compared to Entamoeba sp.(10%). Among helminthes parasites, Ascaris sp. (15%)showed the higher prevalence rate followed by Dromaestrogylus sp. (10%), Davainea sp.(9%), Raillietina sp. (5%) and Heterakis sp. (5%). This study suggested that parasitic infection could be a serious problem in the farm hence needed to adopt appropriate control strategies in order to strengthen the successful emu production in Nepal.
{"title":"Gastrointestinal parasites of Emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae Latham, 1790) in Ostrich Nepal Pvt. Ltd Gongoliya, Rupandehi, Nepal","authors":"K. Khatri, M. Maharjan","doi":"10.3126/jnhm.v30i0.27602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jnhm.v30i0.27602","url":null,"abstract":"Ostrich and Emu farming have been lunched with a very new concept to Nepalese market for their product in which parasitic diseases may cause significant effect to their production. In order to determine prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites of Emu, a total of 100faecalsamples were collected during the month of May/July 2015. All samples were microscopically examined by using direct smear and concentration techniques (floatation and sedimentation).Out of 100 faecal samples, 65% were found positive for gastrointestinal parasites. Overall, seven different species of gastrointestinal parasites including two protozoan, three nematodes and two cestodes were recorded. Amongprotozoan parasites, Eimeria sp. (30%) was more prevalent compared to Entamoeba sp.(10%). Among helminthes parasites, Ascaris sp. (15%)showed the higher prevalence rate followed by Dromaestrogylus sp. (10%), Davainea sp.(9%), Raillietina sp. (5%) and Heterakis sp. (5%). This study suggested that parasitic infection could be a serious problem in the farm hence needed to adopt appropriate control strategies in order to strengthen the successful emu production in Nepal.","PeriodicalId":89691,"journal":{"name":"Journal of natural history museum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45494356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.3126/jnhm.v30i0.27555
Rajesh Nepal, D. R. Dangol
Understanding people’s knowledge and their dependency on wetland forms the basis of conserving them. The paper assessed the status of wetland in Rampur and local peoples’ dependency on it, conducted in the year of 2013. Study revealed that majority of respondents noticed change in wetland in past years and in their priority, drying ranked first followed by decrease in acreage, and biodiversity loss. It was found that factors responsible for these changes were drought, encroachment, flooding, erosion and succession by invasive weed species. Study found that local peoples have several impacts on wetland which were conversion for agriculture, discharge of pollutants, overexploitation of aquatic resources, overgrazing conversion for residential development, and conversion for aquaculture. However, Negative impacts of wetland were flooding, foul smell, incidence of insect pest/disease, coldness in winter, and bank cutting. It was found that people dependent on wetland for farming, fodder collection, fuel wood collection, medicinal plants, religious purpose, fishery, livestock grazing, wild edible plants, irrigation, commercial fishery and recreation. Study showed that local peoples have knowledge about several aspects of wetland and they are dependent for their livelihood. Therefore, in order to protect wetland from degradation, conservation and management activities need to be implemented properly with the involvement of local peoples.
{"title":"People’s knowledge and dependency on Rampur wetland of western Chitwan, Nepal","authors":"Rajesh Nepal, D. R. Dangol","doi":"10.3126/jnhm.v30i0.27555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jnhm.v30i0.27555","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding people’s knowledge and their dependency on wetland forms the basis of conserving them. The paper assessed the status of wetland in Rampur and local peoples’ dependency on it, conducted in the year of 2013. Study revealed that majority of respondents noticed change in wetland in past years and in their priority, drying ranked first followed by decrease in acreage, and biodiversity loss. It was found that factors responsible for these changes were drought, encroachment, flooding, erosion and succession by invasive weed species. Study found that local peoples have several impacts on wetland which were conversion for agriculture, discharge of pollutants, overexploitation of aquatic resources, overgrazing conversion for residential development, and conversion for aquaculture. However, Negative impacts of wetland were flooding, foul smell, incidence of insect pest/disease, coldness in winter, and bank cutting. It was found that people dependent on wetland for farming, fodder collection, fuel wood collection, medicinal plants, religious purpose, fishery, livestock grazing, wild edible plants, irrigation, commercial fishery and recreation. Study showed that local peoples have knowledge about several aspects of wetland and they are dependent for their livelihood. Therefore, in order to protect wetland from degradation, conservation and management activities need to be implemented properly with the involvement of local peoples.","PeriodicalId":89691,"journal":{"name":"Journal of natural history museum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49157636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.3126/jnhm.v30i0.27402
N. Pradhan, Ragnhild Heimstad
Bryophytes in Mai Pokhari area of Ilam District, east Nepal was studied in September 2013 to investigate species diversity and status. A total of 42 bryophytes were compiled occurrence status. Plagiochila exigua (Taylor) Taylor, Dicranella setifera (Mitt.) A. Jaeger, Trematodonkurzii Hampe ex Gangulee and Pseudobarbella niitakayamensis Nog. recorded in this study are new additions to Nepal. Wet and damp areas around this lake are suitable habitats for thesporophytic growth of man+y bryophyte species.
2013年9月，对尼泊尔东部Ilam地区Mai Pokhari地区苔藓植物进行了物种多样性和现状调查。整理了42种苔藓植物的发生状况。(泰勒)泰勒，(米特)狄克奈拉A. Jaeger, Trematodonkurzii Hampe ex Gangulee和Pseudobarbella niitakayamensis Nog。本研究记录的是尼泊尔的新物种。环湖潮湿地区是man+y苔藓植物孢子生长的适宜生境。
{"title":"Diversity and local status of bryophytes in Mai pokhari of Ilam district, east Nepal","authors":"N. Pradhan, Ragnhild Heimstad","doi":"10.3126/jnhm.v30i0.27402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jnhm.v30i0.27402","url":null,"abstract":"Bryophytes in Mai Pokhari area of Ilam District, east Nepal was studied in September 2013 to investigate species diversity and status. A total of 42 bryophytes were compiled occurrence status. Plagiochila exigua (Taylor) Taylor, Dicranella setifera (Mitt.) A. Jaeger, Trematodonkurzii Hampe ex Gangulee and Pseudobarbella niitakayamensis Nog. recorded in this study are new additions to Nepal. Wet and damp areas around this lake are suitable habitats for thesporophytic growth of man+y bryophyte species.","PeriodicalId":89691,"journal":{"name":"Journal of natural history museum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48424389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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