Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.15406/japlr.2019.08.00337
M. Taj, S. Adeel, M. W. Malik, Amina Najam, K. Batool
Immunization is one of the most rewarding effective and economical health interventions known to mankind to-date. Since last 50 years successful vaccination campaigns has resulted in extermination of small pox, dropped global polio incidence by 99% and had efficaciously reduced the disability, illness and morbidity caused by the vaccine preventable diseases. Immunization is a crucial constituent behind the efforts taken to meet millennium development goals reducing the mortality in children under-five by over 50 percent, decreasing from 90 to 43 deaths per 1,000 live births between 1990 and 2015.1 To ensure continuous positive results from immunization WHO has stressed upon the need of stringent quality assurance measures which is dependent upon control / monitoring of raw materials; adequacy of production processes, suitability quality control methods and specifications, and control / monitoring of final finished products. The present paper assesses all the essential tools required for the development of a quality biological product. These factors safeguard the safety, efficacy, integrity and quality of vaccines; a result of adequate quality management system which is based upon quality risk management approach (validations, consistency of production, vendor qualifications, independent lot release etc). Efficacy of vaccines
{"title":"Assurance of quality, safety and efficacy of vaccines through compliance of quality management processes","authors":"M. Taj, S. Adeel, M. W. Malik, Amina Najam, K. Batool","doi":"10.15406/japlr.2019.08.00337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/japlr.2019.08.00337","url":null,"abstract":"Immunization is one of the most rewarding effective and economical health interventions known to mankind to-date. Since last 50 years successful vaccination campaigns has resulted in extermination of small pox, dropped global polio incidence by 99% and had efficaciously reduced the disability, illness and morbidity caused by the vaccine preventable diseases. Immunization is a crucial constituent behind the efforts taken to meet millennium development goals reducing the mortality in children under-five by over 50 percent, decreasing from 90 to 43 deaths per 1,000 live births between 1990 and 2015.1 To ensure continuous positive results from immunization WHO has stressed upon the need of stringent quality assurance measures which is dependent upon control / monitoring of raw materials; adequacy of production processes, suitability quality control methods and specifications, and control / monitoring of final finished products. The present paper assesses all the essential tools required for the development of a quality biological product. These factors safeguard the safety, efficacy, integrity and quality of vaccines; a result of adequate quality management system which is based upon quality risk management approach (validations, consistency of production, vendor qualifications, independent lot release etc). Efficacy of vaccines","PeriodicalId":92063,"journal":{"name":"Journal of analytical & pharmaceutical research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67073111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.15406/japlr.2019.08.00332
P. Arumugam, K. Arunkumar, M. Murugan, K. Murugan
Marine organisms are having rich source biologically active metabolites and there are many reports of macro algae-derived compounds that posses a broad range of biological functions, such as antibiotic, antiviral, antioxidant, antifouling, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, and anti-mitotic activities.1,2 Some of the marco algaederived bioactive compounds are amino acids, terpenoids, phlorotannins, steroids, alkaloids, polyketides, glycerols, cyclic peptide, polysaccharides, phenolic compounds, fatty acids, and acrylic acid.3,4 These bioactive potential of seaweeds are mainly used as a human food sources in Asian countries. Particularly, brown seaweed (Phaephyceae) is most complex group of algae and they are broadly distributed from tropical to polar zones of ocean in the world.5 Stoechospermum marginatum (C. Agardh) Kutzing belongs to brown algae and distributed from Indian Ocean to Australian ocean.6 It quiet effortlessly collected from the Gulf of Mannar near Mandapam coast (9o16 ́N,79o12 ́E) of Tamilnadu, India. Currently, this brown seaweed utilized for various aspects like used as a food in salads, fresh meal for breeding animals, manure for cultivation of vegetable and raw material for production of alginic acid and mannitol.7 Different essential oils along with methanolic and dichloromethane (1:1) extract of S. marginatum possessed antioxidant and antibacterial potential were also documented.3 Recent report revealed that the secondary metabolites present in S. marginatum were noticed to be boosted the activities of peroxidase, phenyl alanine lyase, catalyse, and poly phenol oxidase.8 Spatane derivatives from S. marginatum were well established regarding their biological activity.4 However, bioactive composition was differed depending on the geographical distribution, habitats including environmental conditions: water, temperature, salinity, light, and nutrients.9 In the present novel study was seems to be lacking based on the review of literature and therefore in the present pragmatic study intended to evaluate the anti-genotoxic and anti-inflammatory effects of Stoechospermum marginatum ethanol extract in rat model.
{"title":"Anti-genotoxic and anti-inflammatory effects of ethanol extract of stoechospermum marginatum (c. agardh) kutzing in rat","authors":"P. Arumugam, K. Arunkumar, M. Murugan, K. Murugan","doi":"10.15406/japlr.2019.08.00332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/japlr.2019.08.00332","url":null,"abstract":"Marine organisms are having rich source biologically active metabolites and there are many reports of macro algae-derived compounds that posses a broad range of biological functions, such as antibiotic, antiviral, antioxidant, antifouling, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, and anti-mitotic activities.1,2 Some of the marco algaederived bioactive compounds are amino acids, terpenoids, phlorotannins, steroids, alkaloids, polyketides, glycerols, cyclic peptide, polysaccharides, phenolic compounds, fatty acids, and acrylic acid.3,4 These bioactive potential of seaweeds are mainly used as a human food sources in Asian countries. Particularly, brown seaweed (Phaephyceae) is most complex group of algae and they are broadly distributed from tropical to polar zones of ocean in the world.5 Stoechospermum marginatum (C. Agardh) Kutzing belongs to brown algae and distributed from Indian Ocean to Australian ocean.6 It quiet effortlessly collected from the Gulf of Mannar near Mandapam coast (9o16 ́N,79o12 ́E) of Tamilnadu, India. Currently, this brown seaweed utilized for various aspects like used as a food in salads, fresh meal for breeding animals, manure for cultivation of vegetable and raw material for production of alginic acid and mannitol.7 Different essential oils along with methanolic and dichloromethane (1:1) extract of S. marginatum possessed antioxidant and antibacterial potential were also documented.3 Recent report revealed that the secondary metabolites present in S. marginatum were noticed to be boosted the activities of peroxidase, phenyl alanine lyase, catalyse, and poly phenol oxidase.8 Spatane derivatives from S. marginatum were well established regarding their biological activity.4 However, bioactive composition was differed depending on the geographical distribution, habitats including environmental conditions: water, temperature, salinity, light, and nutrients.9 In the present novel study was seems to be lacking based on the review of literature and therefore in the present pragmatic study intended to evaluate the anti-genotoxic and anti-inflammatory effects of Stoechospermum marginatum ethanol extract in rat model.","PeriodicalId":92063,"journal":{"name":"Journal of analytical & pharmaceutical research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67073410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.15406/japlr.2019.08.00310
N. Maideen
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are incretin mimetics and they are useful in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (Type 2 DM). The drugs such as Exenatide, Liraglutide, Lixisenatide, Albiglutide, Dulaglutide and Semaglutide are approved as GLP-1 agonists and administered subcutaneously to manage fasting and postprandial blood glucose.1 The antidiabetic effect of GLP1 agonists occurs through many mechanisms including increased glucose-dependent insulin secretion, suppressed glucagon levels, delayed gastric emptying and reduced food intake.2
{"title":"Pharmacologically relevant drug interactions of Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists","authors":"N. Maideen","doi":"10.15406/japlr.2019.08.00310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/japlr.2019.08.00310","url":null,"abstract":"Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are incretin mimetics and they are useful in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (Type 2 DM). The drugs such as Exenatide, Liraglutide, Lixisenatide, Albiglutide, Dulaglutide and Semaglutide are approved as GLP-1 agonists and administered subcutaneously to manage fasting and postprandial blood glucose.1 The antidiabetic effect of GLP1 agonists occurs through many mechanisms including increased glucose-dependent insulin secretion, suppressed glucagon levels, delayed gastric emptying and reduced food intake.2","PeriodicalId":92063,"journal":{"name":"Journal of analytical & pharmaceutical research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67072639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.15406/japlr.2019.08.00322
K. Rani
Botulism is neuroparalytic disease which affects human and animal population. It is caused neurotoxins called botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) which produced by gram positive, anaerobic, spore-forming microbes named Clostridium botulinum. It causes flaccid paralysis in infected animals and human population. Because of its bio-warfare agent and potent toxin BoNTs causes disorder in living beings.1 BoNTs infection commonly occurs via the ingestion of contaminated food and water due to poor hygiene and may occur from infected weapons in military areas which can cause muscle paralysis or even death in exposed animals and humans.2,3 There are no as such geographical boundaries for botulism because of its infrequent occurrence of outbreaks. Reported main route of transmission is by oral ingestion and exposure of wounds with spores of Clostridium botulinum. Clinical symptoms of botulism occur within 24 hour of exposure that lasts up to 17 days in the exposed and susceptible population. Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) contains zinc endopeptidase which blocks binding of vesicles of acetylcholine with the terminal membrane of the motor neuron that lead to flaccid muscle paralysis with lateral recumbency due to muscle weakness and dysphagia. And, in severe cases, it becomes lethal and results in death due to respiratory arrest and pharyngeal paralysis.4,5 Botulinum neurotoxin has simple dichain polypeptide that consists of a 100kDa heavy chain joined by a single disulfide bond to a 50kDa light chain. The toxin’s light chain has zinc-containing endopeptidase that blocks acetylcholine-containing vesicles from fusing with the terminal membrane of the motor neuron, resulting in flaccid muscle paralysis. Botulism can be classified into a number of groups; depending on the route the toxin enters the body like food borne botulism, infant botulism, wound botulism, hidden botulism, inadvertent botulism, and inhalational botulism. There were 197 outbreaks reported between 1920 and 2014.5,6 The goldstandard method has been proposed for BoNT/A detection in the mouse bioassay for studying its lethality test and it performed by injecting potential toxin-containing sample into live mice followed by observation for signs of botulinic paralysis or death.7–9 Other reported methods were also well known for detecting BoNTs have been reported, such as ELISA, surface plasma resonance (SPR) immunoassay , and electrochemical luminescence immunoassay.8–12 Among them, immunoassays method is more reliable for its lowest detection limit but require complicated operations and cumbersome instrumentation for achieving signal readouts.13–18 In recent years, electrochemical detection methods and Enzyme based biosensor based methods have proposed as most predominant analytical techniques for the easy quantification and simple instrumentation which designed or evolved for achieving most effective BoNTs detection in biological samples.19–23
{"title":"Brief review on most advanced detection methods used for Clostridium botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) analysis","authors":"K. Rani","doi":"10.15406/japlr.2019.08.00322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/japlr.2019.08.00322","url":null,"abstract":"Botulism is neuroparalytic disease which affects human and animal population. It is caused neurotoxins called botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) which produced by gram positive, anaerobic, spore-forming microbes named Clostridium botulinum. It causes flaccid paralysis in infected animals and human population. Because of its bio-warfare agent and potent toxin BoNTs causes disorder in living beings.1 BoNTs infection commonly occurs via the ingestion of contaminated food and water due to poor hygiene and may occur from infected weapons in military areas which can cause muscle paralysis or even death in exposed animals and humans.2,3 There are no as such geographical boundaries for botulism because of its infrequent occurrence of outbreaks. Reported main route of transmission is by oral ingestion and exposure of wounds with spores of Clostridium botulinum. Clinical symptoms of botulism occur within 24 hour of exposure that lasts up to 17 days in the exposed and susceptible population. Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) contains zinc endopeptidase which blocks binding of vesicles of acetylcholine with the terminal membrane of the motor neuron that lead to flaccid muscle paralysis with lateral recumbency due to muscle weakness and dysphagia. And, in severe cases, it becomes lethal and results in death due to respiratory arrest and pharyngeal paralysis.4,5 Botulinum neurotoxin has simple dichain polypeptide that consists of a 100kDa heavy chain joined by a single disulfide bond to a 50kDa light chain. The toxin’s light chain has zinc-containing endopeptidase that blocks acetylcholine-containing vesicles from fusing with the terminal membrane of the motor neuron, resulting in flaccid muscle paralysis. Botulism can be classified into a number of groups; depending on the route the toxin enters the body like food borne botulism, infant botulism, wound botulism, hidden botulism, inadvertent botulism, and inhalational botulism. There were 197 outbreaks reported between 1920 and 2014.5,6 The goldstandard method has been proposed for BoNT/A detection in the mouse bioassay for studying its lethality test and it performed by injecting potential toxin-containing sample into live mice followed by observation for signs of botulinic paralysis or death.7–9 Other reported methods were also well known for detecting BoNTs have been reported, such as ELISA, surface plasma resonance (SPR) immunoassay , and electrochemical luminescence immunoassay.8–12 Among them, immunoassays method is more reliable for its lowest detection limit but require complicated operations and cumbersome instrumentation for achieving signal readouts.13–18 In recent years, electrochemical detection methods and Enzyme based biosensor based methods have proposed as most predominant analytical techniques for the easy quantification and simple instrumentation which designed or evolved for achieving most effective BoNTs detection in biological samples.19–23","PeriodicalId":92063,"journal":{"name":"Journal of analytical & pharmaceutical research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67072847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.15406/japlr.2019.08.00324
Elias Adikwu, B. Nelson, W. Obianime
{"title":"Hepatic morphological alterations in lopinavir/ ritonavir–intoxicated rats were abrogated by melatonin and α lipoic acidElias","authors":"Elias Adikwu, B. Nelson, W. Obianime","doi":"10.15406/japlr.2019.08.00324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/japlr.2019.08.00324","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92063,"journal":{"name":"Journal of analytical & pharmaceutical research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67072939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.15406/japlr.2019.08.00316
Gatti Mb, Mondino Mc, García Ciappini Mc
- Given the greater varietal supply of the globe artichoke and evaluating its use for human consumption, it is important to carry out market positioning work, including the recognition of the newly available cultivars. Sensory analysis comes up as an important instrument to assess the potential of insertion of artichoke into the market. Within this perspective, the aim of the present study was to determine the sensorial quality characteristics of three globe artichoke cultivars produced in the Rosario´s Horticultural Belt and associated with the preference of consumers. The cultivars were Opal, Madrigal and Romanesco. For sensory evaluation, the method called CATA (Check All That Apply) was used. The results of the CATA test were analyzed using multivariate statistics, applying the Correspondence Analysis. The most distinguishing elements between artichokes were the color and aroma. When associating these results with which was the artichoke that consumers liked the most, it was observed that the Romanesco obtained the best rating. Consumers preferred sweet and tender artichokes. This information could guide the production strategies of the horticulturists to offer cultivars that meet these characteristics.
{"title":"Spotting the sensory preferences of artichokes to improve the consumption of this functional food","authors":"Gatti Mb, Mondino Mc, García Ciappini Mc","doi":"10.15406/japlr.2019.08.00316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/japlr.2019.08.00316","url":null,"abstract":"- Given the greater varietal supply of the globe artichoke and evaluating its use for human consumption, it is important to carry out market positioning work, including the recognition of the newly available cultivars. Sensory analysis comes up as an important instrument to assess the potential of insertion of artichoke into the market. Within this perspective, the aim of the present study was to determine the sensorial quality characteristics of three globe artichoke cultivars produced in the Rosario´s Horticultural Belt and associated with the preference of consumers. The cultivars were Opal, Madrigal and Romanesco. For sensory evaluation, the method called CATA (Check All That Apply) was used. The results of the CATA test were analyzed using multivariate statistics, applying the Correspondence Analysis. The most distinguishing elements between artichokes were the color and aroma. When associating these results with which was the artichoke that consumers liked the most, it was observed that the Romanesco obtained the best rating. Consumers preferred sweet and tender artichokes. This information could guide the production strategies of the horticulturists to offer cultivars that meet these characteristics.","PeriodicalId":92063,"journal":{"name":"Journal of analytical & pharmaceutical research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67072983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.15406/japlr.2019.08.00318
R. Gunda, Prasada Rao Manchineni, Chaikam Gopi Reddy, K. Divya, D. Alekhya, Ekula Jyoshna
Objective: The main objective of current research work is to formulate the Levetiracetam oral disintegrating tablets. Levetiracetam, a newer anti convulsant and used to treat epilepsy and chronic seizures. Methods: The oral disintegrating tablets of Levetiracetam were prepared employing various proportions of Crospovidone and Croscarmellose sodium as a Superdisintegrants by Direct Compression technique. 9 formulations were developed and are evaluated for various finished product quality assurance methods. Results: Results reveals that all the formulation was found to be within the Pharmacopoeial limits and the In-vitro dissolution profiles of all formulations were fitted in to different Kinetic models, the statistical parameters were determined. Conclusion: Formulation (F 5 ) containing 37.5mg of Crospovidone and 37.5mg of Croscarmellose, is ideal formulation (similarity factor f 2 = 82.676, dissimilarity factor f 1 =2.049 & No significant difference, t=0.0456) to marketed product ( SPRITAM-250 ). Formulation (F 5 ) follows First order, Higuchi’s kinetics, mechanism of drug release was found to be Non-Fickian Diffusion (n=0.666).
{"title":"Formulation development and in vitro evaluation of oral disintegrating tablets for newer anticonvulsant agent","authors":"R. Gunda, Prasada Rao Manchineni, Chaikam Gopi Reddy, K. Divya, D. Alekhya, Ekula Jyoshna","doi":"10.15406/japlr.2019.08.00318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/japlr.2019.08.00318","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The main objective of current research work is to formulate the Levetiracetam oral disintegrating tablets. Levetiracetam, a newer anti convulsant and used to treat epilepsy and chronic seizures. Methods: The oral disintegrating tablets of Levetiracetam were prepared employing various proportions of Crospovidone and Croscarmellose sodium as a Superdisintegrants by Direct Compression technique. 9 formulations were developed and are evaluated for various finished product quality assurance methods. Results: Results reveals that all the formulation was found to be within the Pharmacopoeial limits and the In-vitro dissolution profiles of all formulations were fitted in to different Kinetic models, the statistical parameters were determined. Conclusion: Formulation (F 5 ) containing 37.5mg of Crospovidone and 37.5mg of Croscarmellose, is ideal formulation (similarity factor f 2 = 82.676, dissimilarity factor f 1 =2.049 & No significant difference, t=0.0456) to marketed product ( SPRITAM-250 ). Formulation (F 5 ) follows First order, Higuchi’s kinetics, mechanism of drug release was found to be Non-Fickian Diffusion (n=0.666).","PeriodicalId":92063,"journal":{"name":"Journal of analytical & pharmaceutical research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67073065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.15406/japlr.2019.08.00330
A. Mehanna, Enas A Alasmari
Herbalism, one of the oldest systems of medicine humans have ever known, is the practice of making or prescribing plant-based herbal medicines.1 Over the past centuries, medicinal herbs were of great importance. Looking back in time, people were healthier and more competent against diseases compared to people at the present time. The reason behind this is thought to be partly due to the healthy diet and lifestyle they had which depends mainly on traditional herbal remedies and alternative medicine. It is worth mentioning that alternative and herbal medicine has also contributed significantly in the development of useful synthetic chemotherapeutic drugs. So far, the discovery of anticancer and chemotherapeutic treatments throughout the years has been successful, in terms of effectiveness and cancer remission.2 However, chemotherapeutic drugs are not devoid of serious toxic side effects. Due to the high toxicity associated with anticancer treatments, efforts have been directed toward the use of herbal medicines and anticancer products derived from plants. Currently, there are four classes of plant-based compounds that exhibit anticancer activity and they include: vinca alkaloids, taxanes, epipodophyllotoxins, and camptothecin derivatives. 2 All of these plants have demonstrated significant inhibition on cancer growth. Furthermore, natural products still have enormous potential to provide promising chemo preventive and anticancer therapeutic compounds.
{"title":"Cytotoxic effects of S-(+)-Carvone on selected human cancer cell lines","authors":"A. Mehanna, Enas A Alasmari","doi":"10.15406/japlr.2019.08.00330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/japlr.2019.08.00330","url":null,"abstract":"Herbalism, one of the oldest systems of medicine humans have ever known, is the practice of making or prescribing plant-based herbal medicines.1 Over the past centuries, medicinal herbs were of great importance. Looking back in time, people were healthier and more competent against diseases compared to people at the present time. The reason behind this is thought to be partly due to the healthy diet and lifestyle they had which depends mainly on traditional herbal remedies and alternative medicine. It is worth mentioning that alternative and herbal medicine has also contributed significantly in the development of useful synthetic chemotherapeutic drugs. So far, the discovery of anticancer and chemotherapeutic treatments throughout the years has been successful, in terms of effectiveness and cancer remission.2 However, chemotherapeutic drugs are not devoid of serious toxic side effects. Due to the high toxicity associated with anticancer treatments, efforts have been directed toward the use of herbal medicines and anticancer products derived from plants. Currently, there are four classes of plant-based compounds that exhibit anticancer activity and they include: vinca alkaloids, taxanes, epipodophyllotoxins, and camptothecin derivatives. 2 All of these plants have demonstrated significant inhibition on cancer growth. Furthermore, natural products still have enormous potential to provide promising chemo preventive and anticancer therapeutic compounds.","PeriodicalId":92063,"journal":{"name":"Journal of analytical & pharmaceutical research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67073342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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