R. Dehghani, F. Kamiabi, H. Kassiri, A. Hashemi, Narges Mohammadza, Fateme Gharagazlo
Background and Objective: Scorpions are considered as one of the most important natural hazards and introduced as a dangerous arthropods. Reproduction is the key factor for survival of any species, then interest has increased in knowing the litter size of a female scorpion species. The aim of present study was to determine the litter size and abundance of newborns in the most important of scorpions in laboratory condition. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, scorpions which represented six medically important species were collected from their natural habitats in two provinces of Khuzestan and Isfahan of Iran. All females gave birth in laboratory condition. The number of juveniles for each species were counted immediately after newborns were detected. Data analyses were conducted using SPSS for window version 16.0. Results: The litter size for Hemiscorpius lepturus was 15-31, Odonthobutus doriae 10-25, Mesobuthus eupeus 14-29, Androctonus crassicauda 15-45, Orthochirus scrobiculosus 12-21 and Olivierus caucasicus 19-23 . All parturitions were occurred from late August to mid-October in the laboratory. The findings of the present study indicated that in the laboratory conditions, the litter size for A. crassicauda was the most whereas this value for O. scrobiculosus was less than the other species. Conclusion: It can be concluded that perhaps there is a positive correlation between the maternal female size and the litter size.
{"title":"A Study on Litter Size in Several Important Medical Scorpions\u0000Species (Arachnida: Scorpionida), I.R. Iran","authors":"R. Dehghani, F. Kamiabi, H. Kassiri, A. Hashemi, Narges Mohammadza, Fateme Gharagazlo","doi":"10.3923/je.2018.155.160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/je.2018.155.160","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: Scorpions are considered as one of the most important natural hazards and introduced as a dangerous arthropods. Reproduction is the key factor for survival of any species, then interest has increased in knowing the litter size of a female scorpion species. The aim of present study was to determine the litter size and abundance of newborns in the most important of scorpions in laboratory condition. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, scorpions which represented six medically important species were collected from their natural habitats in two provinces of Khuzestan and Isfahan of Iran. All females gave birth in laboratory condition. The number of juveniles for each species were counted immediately after newborns were detected. Data analyses were conducted using SPSS for window version 16.0. Results: The litter size for Hemiscorpius lepturus was 15-31, Odonthobutus doriae 10-25, Mesobuthus eupeus 14-29, Androctonus crassicauda 15-45, Orthochirus scrobiculosus 12-21 and Olivierus caucasicus 19-23 . All parturitions were occurred from late August to mid-October in the laboratory. The findings of the present study indicated that in the laboratory conditions, the litter size for A. crassicauda was the most whereas this value for O. scrobiculosus was less than the other species. Conclusion: It can be concluded that perhaps there is a positive correlation between the maternal female size and the litter size.","PeriodicalId":15744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entomology","volume":"519 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77192100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Efficacy and Residual Activity of Lemongrass Essential Oil (Cymbopogon flexuosus) against German Cockroaches (Blattella germanica)","authors":"Resti Rahayu, Mairawita, R. Jannatan","doi":"10.3923/JE.2018.149.154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/JE.2018.149.154","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entomology","volume":"218 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75619641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and objective: Cockroaches are considered as obnoxious household pest due to its nature that can feed on almost everything. It is believed that cockroaches are the mechanical vectors for many kinds of parasites. As this nocturnal insect moves indiscriminately from places to places, the ability to crawl into every nook and crevices can cause it to pick up various pathogen and parasites that can be transmitted to human. The present study aimed to identify the parasites carried by cockroaches from two food stalls and two restaurants in Indera Mahkota, Kuantan. Materials and Methods: The cockroaches caught from the species of Periplaneta americana. The cockroach samples were collected using plastic traps and sticky traps. The samples were processed by using normal saline solution to obtain parasites. Normal saline solution with the freshly killed cockroaches were shaken vigorously and observed under light microscope to identify the presence of parasites. Results: The identification of cockroaches showed that the most parasites found were mites. Other parasites found including Strongyloides eggs, Strongyloides larvae and Ascaris eggs. There was no protozoan cyst found in all cockroach samples in the present study. The numbers of parasites carried from the cockroaches caught from the stalls were higher compared to the number of parasite from cockroaches caught from the restaurant. Low hygienic level at the stalls facilitates the cockroach infestation at the stall compared than the restaurant. Conclusion: Hence, cockroaches serve as carrier for endoparasites and ectoparasites. The findings from the present study suggested that appropriate preventive measures such as maintaining cleanliness of the stalls and restaurants can prevent the infestation of the cockroaches.
{"title":"Identification of cockroaches as mechanical vector for parasitic infections and infestations in Kuantan, Malaysia","authors":"A. M. Yusof","doi":"10.3923/je.2018.143.148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/je.2018.143.148","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objective: Cockroaches are considered as obnoxious household pest due to its nature that can feed on almost everything. It is believed that cockroaches are the mechanical vectors for many kinds of parasites. As this nocturnal insect moves indiscriminately from places to places, the ability to crawl into every nook and crevices can cause it to pick up various pathogen and parasites that can be transmitted to human. The present study aimed to identify the parasites carried by cockroaches from two food stalls and two restaurants in Indera Mahkota, Kuantan. \u0000Materials and Methods: The cockroaches caught from the species of Periplaneta americana. The cockroach samples were collected using plastic traps and sticky traps. The samples were processed by using normal saline solution to obtain parasites. Normal saline solution with the freshly killed cockroaches were shaken vigorously and observed under light microscope to identify the presence of parasites. Results: The identification of cockroaches showed that the most parasites found were mites. Other parasites found including Strongyloides eggs, Strongyloides larvae and Ascaris eggs. There was no protozoan cyst found in all cockroach samples in the present study. The numbers of parasites carried from the cockroaches caught from the stalls were higher compared to the number of parasite from cockroaches caught from the restaurant. Low hygienic level at the stalls facilitates the cockroach infestation at the stall compared than the restaurant. Conclusion: Hence, cockroaches serve as carrier for endoparasites and ectoparasites. The findings from the present study suggested that appropriate preventive measures such as maintaining cleanliness of the stalls and restaurants can prevent the infestation of the cockroaches.","PeriodicalId":15744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entomology","volume":"14 1","pages":"143-148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89304886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tjandra Anggraeni, Nida Nisrine, A. Barlian, S. Sumarsono
{"title":"Repellency of Some Essential Oils against Drosophila melanogaster, Vector for Bacterium Blood Disease in Banana Plantation","authors":"Tjandra Anggraeni, Nida Nisrine, A. Barlian, S. Sumarsono","doi":"10.3923/je.2018.125.134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/je.2018.125.134","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entomology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88037506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Repellent and Insecticidal Activities of the Root Extracts of Chromolaena odorata and Mimosa diplotricha Against Macrotermes Species","authors":"O. Uyi, A. Adetimehin, Ogechi Perpetual","doi":"10.3923/je.2018.135.142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/je.2018.135.142","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entomology","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86168686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Nazir, Nawaz Haider Bas, M. Nasir, M. Ma, A. Hanan, M. Sagheer, Mansoor ul-Hasan
{"title":"In vitro Entomopathogenic Efficacy of Beauveria bassiana (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) Against Corcyra cephalonica (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)","authors":"T. Nazir, Nawaz Haider Bas, M. Nasir, M. Ma, A. Hanan, M. Sagheer, Mansoor ul-Hasan","doi":"10.3923/JE.2018.56.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/JE.2018.56.61","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entomology","volume":"18 1","pages":"56-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89635756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Nandika, Muhammad Achirul Na, Kudang Boro Semin, A. Maddu
Background and Objective: So far, no scientific papers have reported on the termite population of subterranean termite Coptotermes curvignathus especially when they attack the wooden components in the building. This information is crucial for termite control such as system development, specifically capable of non-destructively detecting and predicting a termite population. A study was conducted to determine the termite population on the various volumes of pine boards. Materials and Methods: In this study, the exhaustive trapping technique was applied to the termite colonies. Thirty boards, infested with termites, were collected, after which the volumes were measured and dismantled carefully to determine termite population. A statistical analysis of linear regression is used to analyze the relationship between board volume (x) and termite population (y). Results: This survey showed that the board infested by C. curvignathus was dominated by termite workers (75.21±6.5101%) compared to termite soldiers (24.79±6.5101%). Based on the numerical analysis, the linear regression model (y = 40.09368+0.55031x) provides an overview of the number of termites present for a feeding test and provides an analysis of the extent to which the design of detection system will be able to predict a termite population. Conclusion: This research showed that the larger the board volume, the larger the termite population, since the larger board has an abundance of food sources containing large amounts of cellulose. This cellulose attracts termites to live inside it and also stops the process of further foraging.
{"title":"Population Survey of Subterranean Termite Coptotermes curvignathus (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) on Infested Pine Boards","authors":"D. Nandika, Muhammad Achirul Na, Kudang Boro Semin, A. Maddu","doi":"10.3923/JE.2018.93.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/JE.2018.93.100","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: So far, no scientific papers have reported on the termite population of subterranean termite Coptotermes curvignathus especially when they attack the wooden components in the building. This information is crucial for termite control such as system development, specifically capable of non-destructively detecting and predicting a termite population. A study was conducted to determine the termite population on the various volumes of pine boards. Materials and Methods: In this study, the exhaustive trapping technique was applied to the termite colonies. Thirty boards, infested with termites, were collected, after which the volumes were measured and dismantled carefully to determine termite population. A statistical analysis of linear regression is used to analyze the relationship between board volume (x) and termite population (y). Results: This survey showed that the board infested by C. curvignathus was dominated by termite workers (75.21±6.5101%) compared to termite soldiers (24.79±6.5101%). Based on the numerical analysis, the linear regression model (y = 40.09368+0.55031x) provides an overview of the number of termites present for a feeding test and provides an analysis of the extent to which the design of detection system will be able to predict a termite population. Conclusion: This research showed that the larger the board volume, the larger the termite population, since the larger board has an abundance of food sources containing large amounts of cellulose. This cellulose attracts termites to live inside it and also stops the process of further foraging.","PeriodicalId":15744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entomology","volume":"10 1","pages":"93-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84206699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Physicochemical Properties Affects on Different Oil Formulations on Fungus Metarhizium anisopliae for Control of Oryctes elegans","authors":"M. latifian","doi":"10.3923/JE.2018.83.92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/JE.2018.83.92","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entomology","volume":"52 1","pages":"83-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78940888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Diatomaceous Earth and Kaolin as Promising Alternatives to the Detrimental Chemicals in the Management of Spodoptera exigua","authors":"A. Ebadollahi, R. Sadeghi","doi":"10.3923/je.2018.101.105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/je.2018.101.105","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entomology","volume":"47 1","pages":"101-105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73294324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. E. Aw, E. Mo, A. Abdelmeged, M. MostafaElnabawy
{"title":"Development and Reproduction of the Two-spotted Red Spider Mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch as Influenced by Feeding on Leaves of Three Solanaceous Vegetable Crops under Laboratory Conditions","authors":"S. E. Aw, E. Mo, A. Abdelmeged, M. MostafaElnabawy","doi":"10.3923/JE.2018.69.74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/JE.2018.69.74","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entomology","volume":"22 1","pages":"69-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73635067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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