Background and Objective: Ectoparasites remains as one of major challenges in goat farming industry. They are ubiquitous and often cause harmful effects on livestock production and productivity. Ectoparasites give rise to morbidity and mortality among goat population which consequently lead to reductions in meat and milk. This study was conducted to identify and determine the risk factors of ectoparasitic infestations among Saanen goats in Kuantan, Malaysia. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 goats were inspected for the presence of ectoparasitic infestations. The infested ectoparasites were collected through hand-picked and brushing methods. The collected ectoparasites were preserved in 70% ethanol. The counting of ectoparasites was done by using light microscope. The number of ectoparasites were counted and analyzed by Chi-square(x2) test. Results: The results show that the lice were the only ectoparasite found in all 30 goats. The lice infestation was significantly associated with the age and sex factors of goats. Female goats were infested with lice with higher percentage of lice (51.6%, n=372) than male goats (48.4%, n=349). With regard to age factor, young goats were more susceptible to lice infestation than adult goats with the percentage of lice (67%, n= 483) and (33%, n=238), respectively. The predilection site of lice infestation was mostly found on the body region of goats. Conclusion: Good sanitary condition and proper ectoparasite control are needed to reduce the transmission of ectoparasites in goat herds.
{"title":"First report of lice infestation among saanen goats in Kuantan, Malaysia","authors":"A. M. Yusof","doi":"10.3923/je.2018.62.68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/je.2018.62.68","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: Ectoparasites remains as one of major challenges in goat farming industry. They are ubiquitous and often cause harmful effects on livestock production and productivity. Ectoparasites give rise to morbidity and mortality among goat population which consequently lead to reductions in meat and milk. This study was conducted to identify and determine the risk factors of ectoparasitic infestations among Saanen goats in Kuantan, Malaysia. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 goats were inspected for the presence of ectoparasitic infestations. The infested ectoparasites were collected through hand-picked and brushing methods. The collected ectoparasites were preserved in 70% ethanol. The counting of ectoparasites was done by using light microscope. The number of ectoparasites were counted and analyzed by Chi-square(x2) test. Results: The results show that the lice were the only ectoparasite found in all 30 goats. The lice infestation was significantly associated with the age and sex factors of goats. Female goats were infested with lice with higher percentage of lice (51.6%, n=372) than male goats (48.4%, n=349). With regard to age factor, young goats were more susceptible to lice infestation than adult goats with the percentage of lice (67%, n= 483) and (33%, n=238), respectively. The predilection site of lice infestation was mostly found on the body region of goats. Conclusion: Good sanitary condition and proper ectoparasite control are needed to reduce the transmission of ectoparasites in goat herds.","PeriodicalId":15744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entomology","volume":"30 1","pages":"62-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82436793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Newly Described Psyllid Diclidophlebia andjigae sp.n. (Hemiptera: Liviidae), on Grewia venusta (Tiliaceae) from Cameroon","authors":"J. Tamesse, L. Dayang","doi":"10.3923/JE.2018.19.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/JE.2018.19.27","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entomology","volume":"30 1","pages":"19-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77687912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Temperature as a Key Aspect in the Survival of Hadronotus leptocorisae Offspring","authors":"Fri Maulina, N. Nelly, Hidrayani, H. Hamid","doi":"10.3923/JE.2018.13.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/JE.2018.13.18","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entomology","volume":"24 1","pages":"13-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91294124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Morphogenesis of Early Embryonic Development in the Greater Wax Moth, Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)","authors":"M. Abidalla","doi":"10.3923/JE.2018.1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/JE.2018.1.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entomology","volume":"8 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77723339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bonaventure January, Gration M. Rwegasi, T. Tefera
Background: Rice stem borers are among the most biotic stresses of economic importance in agriculture. Little was known about stem borer problem in Tanzania prior to this study. Understanding stem borer abundance and damages would help to design appropriate stem borer integrated pest management strategy in rice. This study was aimed at investigating rice stem borer’s species abundance and their associated damages in irrigated lowland rice ecosystem in Kilombero Tanzania. Materials and Methods: Field survey study on rice stem borer abundance and incidences were conducted in farmer’s fields on selected rice varieties at varied growth stages in Kilombero district under irrigated rice schemes. Adult moths were trapped by light traps and incidences assessed based on dead hearts and white head in 1 m2 quadrat in field stratum sampled at random. Results: Results indicated the presence of Chilo sp. and Sesamia calamistis in all study areas with Chilo sp., as most abundant species (79.24-92.05%) followed by S. calamist (7.97-20.77%). The abundance of these two stem borer species and their associated damage incidences varied significantly between rice varieties and rice growth stages (p<0.05). The insecticides sprayed on different rice varieties had neither effect on species abundance nor on incidences of stem borers under the study area suggesting that the sprayed insecticides did not control the pest. Conclusion: This study therefore concluded that control measures particularly IPM is highly recommended short of which the control of stem borer will in future be unachievable.
{"title":"Lepidopteran Stem Borer Species Abundance and Associated Damages on Irrigated Kilombero Low Land Rice Ecosystem in Tanzania","authors":"Bonaventure January, Gration M. Rwegasi, T. Tefera","doi":"10.3923/JE.2018.28.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/JE.2018.28.35","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Rice stem borers are among the most biotic stresses of economic importance in agriculture. Little was known about stem borer problem in Tanzania prior to this study. Understanding stem borer abundance and damages would help to design appropriate stem borer integrated pest management strategy in rice. This study was aimed at investigating rice stem borer’s species abundance and their associated damages in irrigated lowland rice ecosystem in Kilombero Tanzania. Materials and Methods: Field survey study on rice stem borer abundance and incidences were conducted in farmer’s fields on selected rice varieties at varied growth stages in Kilombero district under irrigated rice schemes. Adult moths were trapped by light traps and incidences assessed based on dead hearts and white head in 1 m2 quadrat in field stratum sampled at random. Results: Results indicated the presence of Chilo sp. and Sesamia calamistis in all study areas with Chilo sp., as most abundant species (79.24-92.05%) followed by S. calamist (7.97-20.77%). The abundance of these two stem borer species and their associated damage incidences varied significantly between rice varieties and rice growth stages (p<0.05). The insecticides sprayed on different rice varieties had neither effect on species abundance nor on incidences of stem borers under the study area suggesting that the sprayed insecticides did not control the pest. Conclusion: This study therefore concluded that control measures particularly IPM is highly recommended short of which the control of stem borer will in future be unachievable.","PeriodicalId":15744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entomology","volume":"30 5","pages":"28-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91451915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Samir Abdelgalei, A. El-Sabrout, Hossam El-Din Zah
{"title":"Effects of Essential Oils on Growth, Feeding and Food Utilization of Spodoptera littoralis Larvae","authors":"Samir Abdelgalei, A. El-Sabrout, Hossam El-Din Zah","doi":"10.3923/je.2018.36.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/je.2018.36.46","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entomology","volume":"27 1","pages":"36-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79039902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Current Status and Future Prospects of Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann (Diptera: Tephritidae) Control in Morocco","authors":"Elaini Rachid, M. Ahmed","doi":"10.3923/JE.2018.47.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/JE.2018.47.55","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entomology","volume":"32 1","pages":"47-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73586721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Taxonomic status of Genus Brahmaea Walker (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea: Brahmaeidae) from India","authors":"Sujata Saini, A. S. Kale, Devinder Singh","doi":"10.3923/JE.2017.234.240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/JE.2017.234.240","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entomology","volume":"116 1","pages":"234-240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87860134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-01DOI: 10.20944/PREPRINTS201708.0063.V1
Sri Yusmalinar, Tjandra Anggraeni, Kustiati Kustiati, I. Wibowo, R. E. Putra, I. Ahmad
Application of insecticide is the most common method to reduce the housefly population. However, in general, not all individual received lethal dose of insecticide. This condition could produce a favorable biological responses, such as increasing the reproductive ability, known as hormesis. This study was carried out to observe the effect of application of sublethal concentrations (LC50) or dosage (LD50) of imidacloprid and permethrin to reproductive ability of resistant strains of house fly. The responses were assessed for 10 generations to simulate the long term effect. The results showed that house flies received application of LD5 of permethrin increased their fecundity (17.05% more than application of LD15 and 56.39% more than control) and the fertility (26.73% more than application of LD15 and 63.62% more than control). On the other hand, application of LC5 of much imidacloprid also increased fecundity of housefly (10.46% more than application LC15 and 45.91% more than control) and the fertility (17.08% more than application LC15 and 49.17% more than control). It could be concluded that administration of sublethal doses of permethrin and much newer imidacloprid may induce reproductive hormesis in the housefly through increasing fecundity and fertility.
{"title":"Reproductive Ability Enhancement of Housefly (Musca domestica Linn) (Diptera : Muscidae) through Hormesis by Application of Sublethal Doses of Imidacloprid and Permethrin","authors":"Sri Yusmalinar, Tjandra Anggraeni, Kustiati Kustiati, I. Wibowo, R. E. Putra, I. Ahmad","doi":"10.20944/PREPRINTS201708.0063.V1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20944/PREPRINTS201708.0063.V1","url":null,"abstract":"Application of insecticide is the most common method to reduce the housefly population. However, in general, not all individual received lethal dose of insecticide. This condition could produce a favorable biological responses, such as increasing the reproductive ability, known as hormesis. This study was carried out to observe the effect of application of sublethal concentrations (LC50) or dosage (LD50) of imidacloprid and permethrin to reproductive ability of resistant strains of house fly. The responses were assessed for 10 generations to simulate the long term effect. The results showed that house flies received application of LD5 of permethrin increased their fecundity (17.05% more than application of LD15 and 56.39% more than control) and the fertility (26.73% more than application of LD15 and 63.62% more than control). On the other hand, application of LC5 of much imidacloprid also increased fecundity of housefly (10.46% more than application LC15 and 45.91% more than control) and the fertility (17.08% more than application LC15 and 49.17% more than control). It could be concluded that administration of sublethal doses of permethrin and much newer imidacloprid may induce reproductive hormesis in the housefly through increasing fecundity and fertility.","PeriodicalId":15744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entomology","volume":"6 1","pages":"199-207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90626189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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