Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.1515/9780691209265-018
{"title":"Acknowledgments","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9780691209265-018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9780691209265-018","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":166323,"journal":{"name":"Life on Mars","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130436988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.1515/9780691209265-022
{"title":"Index","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9780691209265-022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9780691209265-022","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":166323,"journal":{"name":"Life on Mars","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126470916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.1515/9780691209265-fm
{"title":"Frontmatter","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9780691209265-fm","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9780691209265-fm","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":166323,"journal":{"name":"Life on Mars","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115107277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"martians?","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv11699km.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv11699km.4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":166323,"journal":{"name":"Life on Mars","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114428964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This chapter highlights the emergence of the Martian methane saga from its hibernation in 1988 when Vladimir Krasnopolsky and his colleagues undertook a study of the Martian atmosphere. It explains how the methane gas in the Earth's atmosphere absorbs light at nearly the same wavelengths as the methane in the Martian atmosphere, obscuring any possible signature of Martian methane in telescopic observations. It also recounts Krasnopolsky and his colleagues' construction of computer models that allowed them to subtract the effects of the huge amount of terrestrial methane from their spectral observations of Mars. The chapter looks at the decision of Krasnopolsky's team to neither confirm nor contradict the Mariner 9 upper limit, even after they made a definitive detection of methane on Mars. It emphasizes that the attempt to measure the level of methane in the atmosphere of Mars using a telescope in Arizona in 1988 yielded only noise.
{"title":"digging in the noise","authors":"D. Weintraub","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvc774fn.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvc774fn.16","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter highlights the emergence of the Martian methane saga from its hibernation in 1988 when Vladimir Krasnopolsky and his colleagues undertook a study of the Martian atmosphere. It explains how the methane gas in the Earth's atmosphere absorbs light at nearly the same wavelengths as the methane in the Martian atmosphere, obscuring any possible signature of Martian methane in telescopic observations. It also recounts Krasnopolsky and his colleagues' construction of computer models that allowed them to subtract the effects of the huge amount of terrestrial methane from their spectral observations of Mars. The chapter looks at the decision of Krasnopolsky's team to neither confirm nor contradict the Mariner 9 upper limit, even after they made a definitive detection of methane on Mars. It emphasizes that the attempt to measure the level of methane in the atmosphere of Mars using a telescope in Arizona in 1988 yielded only noise.","PeriodicalId":166323,"journal":{"name":"Life on Mars","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131145342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This chapter recounts how Mars has always attracted the attention of sky watchers on Earth, whether portrayed as the Greek, Roman, Babylonian, or Hindu God of War, or as the Chinese or Japanese Fire star. It mentions that the Incas named the planet Auqakuh, while it was called Simud in ancient Sumer and Ma'adim in ancient Hebrew. It also describes Mars as a planet that stood out as a special object in the sky that is comparable in brightness only to Venus, Jupiter, and Saturn. The chapter emphasizes how Mars is more colorful in the nighttime sky than the other planets as it appears red in color much of the time. It also explores humanity's attraction to the idea of life on Mars.
{"title":"why mars matters","authors":"D. Weintraub","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvc774fn.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvc774fn.3","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter recounts how Mars has always attracted the attention of sky watchers on Earth, whether portrayed as the Greek, Roman, Babylonian, or Hindu God of War, or as the Chinese or Japanese Fire star. It mentions that the Incas named the planet Auqakuh, while it was called Simud in ancient Sumer and Ma'adim in ancient Hebrew. It also describes Mars as a planet that stood out as a special object in the sky that is comparable in brightness only to Venus, Jupiter, and Saturn. The chapter emphasizes how Mars is more colorful in the nighttime sky than the other planets as it appears red in color much of the time. It also explores humanity's attraction to the idea of life on Mars.","PeriodicalId":166323,"journal":{"name":"Life on Mars","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131160805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This chapter discusses the overwhelming consensus that had developed among the Martian cognoscenti by 1870, proving that Mars has water. It refers to astronomers in the late-nineteenth century that felt quite certain they had proven that Mars has considerable amounts of water in its atmosphere, which had been confirmed by spectroscopy. It also analyzes how astronomers were certain about two important facts pertaining to Mars: it has water, and it has vegetation. The chapter cites that the English magazine Cornhill published an anonymously authored piece entitled “Life in Mars” in 1871, which described Mars as a charming planet that is well fitted to be the abode of life. It talks about author of the Cornhill article who communicated the ideas of astronomy to lay readers with enthusiasm and turned William Huggins into something of a folk hero.
这一章讨论了1870年火星专家之间形成的压倒性共识，证明火星上有水。它指的是19世纪后期的天文学家，他们确信自己已经证明了火星大气中有相当数量的水，这一点已经被光谱学证实了。它还分析了天文学家如何确定与火星有关的两个重要事实:它有水，它有植被。这一章引用了英国杂志《康希尔》(Cornhill)在1871年发表的一篇名为《火星上的生命》(Life in Mars)的匿名文章，文中将火星描述为一颗迷人的星球，非常适合生命居住。它讲述了康希尔那篇文章的作者，他热情地向普通读者传达了天文学的思想，把威廉·哈金斯变成了一个民间英雄。
{"title":"red vegetation and reasoning beings","authors":"D. Weintraub","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvc774fn.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvc774fn.8","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter discusses the overwhelming consensus that had developed among the Martian cognoscenti by 1870, proving that Mars has water. It refers to astronomers in the late-nineteenth century that felt quite certain they had proven that Mars has considerable amounts of water in its atmosphere, which had been confirmed by spectroscopy. It also analyzes how astronomers were certain about two important facts pertaining to Mars: it has water, and it has vegetation. The chapter cites that the English magazine Cornhill published an anonymously authored piece entitled “Life in Mars” in 1871, which described Mars as a charming planet that is well fitted to be the abode of life. It talks about author of the Cornhill article who communicated the ideas of astronomy to lay readers with enthusiasm and turned William Huggins into something of a folk hero.","PeriodicalId":166323,"journal":{"name":"Life on Mars","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129049834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"index","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv11699km.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv11699km.25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":166323,"journal":{"name":"Life on Mars","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124255264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"acknowledgments","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv11699km.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv11699km.21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":166323,"journal":{"name":"Life on Mars","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121686594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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