Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability最新文献

英文中文

Defining and operationalizing ‘nature-positive’ — a question of power 定义和实施“自然积极”——一个权力问题

IF 6.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.cosust.2025.101581

Marie Stenseke , Johanna Alkan Olsson , Susanne Arvidsson , Nils Droste , Viktor Elliot , Lena Gipperth , Henrik G. Smith

This paper examines how the concept ‘nature-positive’ as a means to enhance biodiversity is defined and used, viewed through the lens of power. Building on a three-dimensional conceptualization of power, we elaborate on i) how ‘nature-positive’ enters and remains on business and policy agendas, ii) different interpretations from both ecological and business perspectives, and iii) the governance of its implementation. Our findings reveal divergent positions, where some argue for a clear and operational definition that makes the concept practical for business and enforceable in legal frameworks. Others adopt a more critical standpoint, viewing it as a boundary object that facilitates processes encouraging positive actions. At the same time, yet other voices regard it as a distraction from addressing the structural drivers of biodiversity loss. We conclude that, from a normative standpoint, an open and ideally balanced debate would empower multiple voices and interpretations. Reflecting on who stands to benefit from different operationalizations is important from a justice perspective. For ‘nature-positive’ to serve as a driver of transformative change, it must be underpinned by a robust toolkit capable of addressing the complexity of biodiversity and its multiple values.

本文从权力的角度考察了如何定义和使用“自然积极”这一概念作为增强生物多样性的手段。在权力的三维概念的基础上，我们详细阐述了1)“自然积极”如何进入并保持在商业和政策议程上，2)从生态和商业角度的不同解释，以及3)其实施的治理。我们的研究结果显示了不同的立场，一些人主张一个明确的、可操作的定义，使这个概念在商业上可行，并在法律框架中可执行。其他人则采取更为批判的立场，将其视为促进鼓励积极行动的过程的边界对象。与此同时，还有一些声音认为，这分散了人们对解决生物多样性丧失的结构性驱动因素的注意力。我们的结论是，从规范的角度来看，公开和理想平衡的辩论将赋予多种声音和解释。从公正的角度来看，反思谁将从不同的操作中受益是很重要的。要使“自然积极”成为变革性变革的驱动力，必须以能够解决生物多样性复杂性及其多重价值的强大工具包为基础。

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引用次数: 0

The 30 by 30 biodiversity commitment and financial disclosure: metrics matter 30 × 30生物多样性承诺和财务披露：指标很重要

IF 6.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.cosust.2025.101587

Daniele Silvestro , Stefano Goria , Ben Groom , Thomas Sterner , Alexandre Antonelli

The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework commits nearly 200 nations to protect 30% of their territories. Given financial constraints, the ‘easiest’ approach to comply would be to protect the cheapest areas. But what would this mean for biodiversity conservation, and how could financial disclosure support — or undermine — success? We showcase and discuss the biological and financial consequences of area protection and restoration selected under various metrics, and highlight the potential of emerging approaches powered by artificial intelligence to guide biodiversity conservation. Through extensive simulations, we show that spatial restoration planning using the CAPTAIN model (Conservation Area Prioritization through Artificial Intelligence) can lead to substantial improvements in predicted outcomes across a wide range of biodiversity metrics. Corporate disclosure provides a common mechanism for reducing environmental damage and increasing conservation, but is often dependent on simplistic and suboptimal metrics, which can lead to significantly lower benefits to nature compared with more comprehensive approaches. Alternative methodologies, building upon technological and computational advances and developed through collaboration between economists, biologists, and data scientists, can provide more cost-effective mechanisms to improve biodiversity outcomes and support implementation of the Global Biodiversity Framework.

《昆明-蒙特利尔全球生物多样性框架》要求近200个国家保护其30%的领土。考虑到财政限制，“最简单”的做法是保护最便宜的地区。但是，这对生物多样性保护意味着什么？财务披露如何支持或破坏成功？我们展示并讨论了根据各种指标选择的区域保护和恢复的生物和财务后果，并强调了由人工智能驱动的新兴方法在指导生物多样性保护方面的潜力。通过广泛的模拟，我们表明，使用CAPTAIN模型（通过人工智能进行保护区优先排序）的空间恢复规划可以在广泛的生物多样性指标中显著改善预测结果。企业信息披露为减少环境破坏和加强保护提供了一种共同机制，但往往依赖于简单和次优的衡量标准，与更全面的方法相比，这可能导致对自然的效益显著降低。通过经济学家、生物学家和数据科学家之间的合作，建立在技术和计算进步基础上的替代方法可以提供更具成本效益的机制，以改善生物多样性成果并支持全球生物多样性框架的实施。

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引用次数: 0

Pathways to a blue economy 通往蓝色经济的道路

IF 6.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cosust.2025.101570

Susan Gourvenec , Wassim Dbouk , Fraser Sturt , Damon A.H. Teagle

Charting a path to a blue economy is imperative to avoid major climate change and irreversible damage to marine ecosystems, the wider environment and society. The blue-ness of the future ocean economy and the associated health of the oceans and our planet will be determined by the pathways chosen, the strategies developed and decisions made now. Here, through bibliometric analysis, multidisciplinary literature review and data synthesis, we present prospective pathways that define different future ocean economies. The intention is to provoke interdisciplinary debate, exchange of ideas, further research and action towards shifting the ocean economy from grey to blue. We show that a business-as-usual pathway that sustains the current grey ocean economy will lead to accelerated violation of planetary boundaries and ultimately destruction of the natural capital on which the ocean economy and humanity depend; that a probable pathway, based on optimistic trends, which attempt to meet the conflicting increasing demand of populations globally and need to curb carbon emissions, is insufficient to meet decarbonisation and broader sustainability targets; and that a pathway to transition to a blue economy requires ambitious proactive strategies and immediate decisions, based on principles that aspire to the collaborative, fair and sustainable use of the ocean.

为避免重大气候变化和对海洋生态系统、更广泛的环境和社会造成不可逆转的破坏，必须规划一条通往蓝色经济的道路。未来海洋经济的蔚蓝程度以及与之相关的海洋和地球的健康状况将取决于选择的道路、制定的战略和现在作出的决定。通过文献计量分析、多学科文献综述和数据综合，我们提出了未来不同海洋经济的前景路径。其目的是激发跨学科的辩论、思想交流、进一步的研究和行动，以将海洋经济从灰色转向蓝色。我们表明，维持当前灰色海洋经济的一切照旧的道路将导致加速对地球边界的侵犯，并最终破坏海洋经济和人类所依赖的自然资本；基于乐观趋势的可能路径——试图满足全球人口不断增长的相互矛盾的需求和遏制碳排放的需要——不足以实现脱碳和更广泛的可持续性目标；向蓝色经济过渡的道路需要雄心勃勃、积极主动的战略和立即作出的决定，这些战略和决定要基于渴望合作、公平和可持续利用海洋的原则。

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引用次数: 0

Rethinking adaptation interventions in agricultural systems for sustainability 重新思考农业系统中的适应性干预措施以促进可持续性

IF 6.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.cosust.2025.101571

Sechindra Vallury , Donald R Nelson , Nathan J Cook

Global policy frameworks have accelerated investments in agricultural adaptation interventions. However, prevailing approaches often conflate adoption intensity with success, overlooking the complex behavioral, structural, and temporal dynamics that shape who can sustain adoptions over time. We synthesize empirical evidence to argue that a narrow focus on adoption in adaptation intervention programs risks exacerbating inequalities in agricultural systems. Many such programs view adoption as a one-time decision, disproportionately target resource-rich farmers, and overlook the dynamic, long-term conditions essential for sustained adoption. Sustained use of adaptation strategies, however, requires distinct capacities, and when farmers discontinue these strategies, they can become entrenched in poverty traps, leading to widening wealth inequalities between sustained adopters and dropouts. Marginalized farmers are particularly vulnerable to these outcomes, which contradict the equity goals of policy frameworks. This review emphasizes the need to re-evaluate adaptation intervention programs in agricultural systems to better address the long-term needs of marginalized communities.

全球政策框架加快了对农业适应干预措施的投资。然而，流行的方法经常将采用强度与成功混为一谈，忽略了复杂的行为、结构和时间动态，这些动态决定了谁能够长期维持采用。我们综合了经验证据，认为在适应干预计划中对采用的狭隘关注可能会加剧农业系统中的不平等。许多此类项目将收养视为一次性决定，不成比例地以资源丰富的农民为目标，忽视了持续收养所必需的动态、长期条件。然而，持续使用适应战略需要不同的能力，当农民停止使用这些战略时，他们可能会陷入贫困陷阱，导致持续采用和辍学者之间的财富不平等扩大。边缘化农民尤其容易受到这些结果的影响，这与政策框架的公平目标相矛盾。本综述强调有必要重新评估农业系统中的适应干预计划，以更好地满足边缘化社区的长期需求。

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引用次数: 0

Social limits to adaptation in the context of intangible cultural heritage 非物质文化遗产背景下适应的社会限制

IF 6.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.cosust.2025.101569

Daniel Puig

Amid mounting evidence of limited progress in adapting to climate change, scholarship on the limits to adaptation is gaining renewed momentum. Nevertheless, there remains a dearth of studies examining human systems explicitly from the perspective of how and why the limits to adaptation have been exceeded. Such retrospective studies can shed light on why these limits were exceeded in the first place and how communities responded. This article explores these issues in the context of intangible cultural heritage affected by climate change. It finds that adaptation faces biophysical constraints that are, in most cases, insurmountable. For this reason, efforts to overcome them are rare. In contrast, responses to the impacts of climate change on intangible cultural heritage are more common. They encompass four main types of actions: practical, organisational, culture grounded, and psychology informed. The article illustrates these issues with examples drawn from the scientific literature. It concludes by reflecting on the temporal dimension of limits to adaptation.

越来越多的证据表明，在适应气候变化方面取得的进展有限，关于适应局限性的学术研究正在重新获得动力。然而，仍然缺乏从如何以及为什么超过适应极限的角度明确检查人类系统的研究。这样的回顾性研究可以揭示为什么这些限制会被超越，以及社区如何应对。本文以受气候变化影响的非物质文化遗产为背景，探讨这些问题。它发现适应面临着生物物理限制，在大多数情况下，这些限制是无法克服的。由于这个原因，克服它们的努力很少。相比之下，应对气候变化对非物质文化遗产影响的措施更为普遍。它们包括四种主要类型的行动：实践行动、组织行动、文化行动和心理行动。这篇文章用科学文献中的例子来说明这些问题。最后，它反思了适应极限的时间维度。

引用次数: 0

Participatory governance for people and nature in multifunctional landscapes — insights from Biosphere Reserves 多功能景观中人与自然的参与式治理——来自生物圈保护区的见解

IF 6.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.cosust.2025.101585

Hanna Sinare , Kaera Coetzer , Lisen Schultz

Participatory approaches are put forward to ensure that governance for the well-being of humans and nature is legitimate and effective, particularly responding to global challenges of ecosystem degradation and climate change. As model areas for sustainable development with explicit goals of participation, the UNESCO World Network of Biosphere Reserves can provide insights on participatory governance arrangements, outcomes of participation, and obstacles for participation. Through a literature review, we found that transparent communication and fair distribution of benefits and trade-offs enhance participation. Early involvement, skilled facilitation, and the capacity to develop shared values among diverse interests improve outcomes. Project-driven participation, deficient capacity to handle conflicting interests, and mechanisms of exclusion hinder participation. Biosphere Reserves (BRs) can leverage already existing actor initiatives, local knowledge, and practices. We identified a need for studies of causal links between participation and BR outcomes, including unpacking the meaning of different modes of participation.

提出了参与性方法，以确保人类和自然福祉的治理是合法和有效的，特别是应对生态系统退化和气候变化等全球挑战。作为具有明确参与目标的可持续发展示范地区，教科文组织世界生物圈保护区网络可以提供有关参与性治理安排、参与成果和参与障碍的见解。通过文献回顾，我们发现透明的沟通和公平的利益和权衡分配提高了参与。早期参与、熟练的促进以及在不同利益群体中形成共同价值观的能力，都能改善结果。项目驱动型参与、处理利益冲突的能力不足以及排斥机制阻碍了参与。生物圈保护区（BRs）可以利用现有的行动者倡议、当地知识和实践。我们认为有必要研究参与与BR结果之间的因果关系，包括揭示不同参与模式的意义。

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引用次数: 0

Pathways to sustainability in Brazilian agriculture: technological drivers, governance, and policy linkages 巴西农业可持续发展之路：技术驱动、治理和政策联系

IF 6.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.cosust.2025.101583

Maurício A Lopes , Geraldo B Martha Jr

The rapid expansion of Brazilian agriculture, although centered on productivity gains, has brought challenges to the forefront, influencing food systems at national, regional, and global scales. Looming threats such as climate change, deforestation, and land degradation cast shadows of uncertainty over the sustainability and resilience of Brazilian agriculture. This paper explores how technological and non-technological drivers can further strengthen sustainability pathways in Brazilian agriculture. Achieving the vision of strengthened sustainability pathways necessitates a reevaluation of the multifaceted governance measures that harmonize technological advancements with environmental and social responsibilities. The integration of science, innovation, and governance is essential, but it additionally requires novel approaches, such as interdisciplinary dialogue, public–private partnerships, and international collaboration to effectively move towards meaningful sustainability outcomes at multiple levels.

巴西农业的快速扩张虽然以提高生产力为中心，但也带来了挑战，影响了国家、区域和全球范围内的粮食系统。气候变化、森林砍伐和土地退化等迫在眉睫的威胁给巴西农业的可持续性和复原力蒙上了不确定性的阴影。本文探讨了技术和非技术驱动因素如何进一步加强巴西农业的可持续性途径。要实现加强可持续性途径的愿景，就必须重新评价协调技术进步与环境和社会责任的多方面治理措施。科学、创新和治理的整合至关重要，但它还需要新的方法，如跨学科对话、公私伙伴关系和国际合作，以在多个层面上有效地朝着有意义的可持续性成果迈进。

引用次数: 0

Eco-social peace and multispecies justice in UNESCO Biosphere Reserves: a convivial and decolonial post-growth conservation approach 教科文组织生物圈保护区的生态社会和平与多物种正义：一种欢乐和非殖民化的生长后保护方法

IF 6.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.cosust.2025.101590

Andrés Moreira-Muñoz , Valeria S Duval , Marcelo Leguia-Cruz , Valéria Raquel Porto de Lima , Katalina Salvador , Pablo Mansilla-Quiñones

Multiple contemporary socio-ecological crises demand urgent rethinking of regimes governing nature–culture relations. The World Network of Biosphere Reserves (WNBR), now in its fiftieth year, was established to apply sustainability principles worldwide. At the occurrence of the Fifth UNESCO World Congress on Biosphere Reserves in Hangzhou in September 2025, it is timely to revisit the conceptual foundations of the WNBR and their practical application. By cross-referencing UNESCO principles with emerging decolonial, convivial, and post-growth conservation approaches — including the philosophies of Buen Vivir and Buen Convivir — Biosphere Reserves can be reimagined as critical sites for cultivating balanced nature–culture relationships grounded in eco-social peace and multispecies justice. This commentary draws on Latin American experiences to highlight both the contradictions of extractivist development and the potential for reconstructing communal life through education, interculturality, and multispecies coexistence.

当代多重社会生态危机迫切需要重新思考管理自然-文化关系的制度。世界生物圈保护区网络（WNBR）的成立是为了在世界范围内应用可持续性原则。在即将于2025年9月在杭州召开的第五届联合国教科文组织世界生物圈保护区大会上，重新审视世界自然保护区的概念基础及其实际应用是及时的。通过将联合国教科文组织的原则与新兴的非殖民化、欢娱化和生长后保护方法（包括“幸福生活”和“幸福生活”哲学）相互参照，生物圈保护区可以被重新构想为培育基于生态社会和平和多物种正义的平衡的自然文化关系的关键场所。这篇评论借鉴了拉丁美洲的经验，强调了掠夺性发展的矛盾和通过教育、跨文化和多物种共存重建社区生活的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Editorial overview: Social limits to climate change adaptation revisited 编辑概述：重新审视适应气候变化的社会限制

IF 6.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.cosust.2025.101591

Daniel Puig

引用次数: 0

Gaps between demand and supply of biodiversity impact finance in the Global South 生物多样性需求和供给之间的差距影响着南半球的金融

IF 6.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.cosust.2025.101568

Astrid Zabel , Vong Nanhthavong , Michael Epprecht

This contribution seeks to fill knowledge gaps on what kinds of biodiversity impact investment models already exist, what factors are constraining biodiversity impact finance in the Global South, and what could be done to bridge the gap. The review identifies complexity, high transaction costs, unfamiliarity with the product, and shortages of bankable projects as key challenges pertaining to the financial sector. On the investors’ side, concerns often revolve around the risk–return ratio, insufficient global biodiversity data, and the lack of an international framework defining biodiversity finance. On the investees’ side, there is anxiety over power imbalances from the past finding their way into these new products, which could be detrimental, especially in areas with informal land rights. To move forward, learning platforms and training opportunities on impact finance could be provided to stakeholders, and more resources are needed for de-risking investments through blended financing approaches.

本报告旨在填补以下方面的知识空白：现有何种生物多样性影响投资模式、制约全球发展中国家生物多样性影响融资的因素以及可以采取哪些措施来弥补这一空白。该报告指出，复杂性、交易成本高、对产品不熟悉以及缺乏可融资项目是金融部门面临的主要挑战。在投资者方面，担忧往往围绕着风险回报率、全球生物多样性数据不足以及缺乏定义生物多样性金融的国际框架。在被投资方方面，人们担心过去的权力失衡会影响到这些新产品，这可能是有害的，尤其是在拥有非正式土地权的地区。为推进这一进程，可以向利益攸关方提供影响力金融方面的学习平台和培训机会，并需要更多资源来通过混合融资方式降低投资风险。

引用次数: 0

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