Pub Date : 2025-06-01Epub Date: 2025-04-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cosust.2025.101526
André Pinto da Silva , Nielja Knecht , Romain Thomas , Romi Lotcheris , Beatrice Crona , Juan Carlos Rocha
Financial investments will be affected by ecological regime shifts through the loss of natural resources underpinning the dependencies of most economic sectors. We suggest one possible pathway to link industry and products to the likelihood of ecological regime shifts. The challenges and opportunities are discussed at each step, including datasets, methods, and metrics. To this end, we identify recent large-scale, state-of-the-art literature that can link land-based company activities to regime shifts. The estimation of investment exposure to regime shifts is possible, but higher resolution in company trade data, as well as spatially explicit datasets of commodity production, is needed to improve estimations. This will require a coordinated effort from the scientific community, businesses, and the policy sector.
{"title":"Challenges and opportunities when assessing exposure of financial investments to ecosystem regime shifts","authors":"André Pinto da Silva , Nielja Knecht , Romain Thomas , Romi Lotcheris , Beatrice Crona , Juan Carlos Rocha","doi":"10.1016/j.cosust.2025.101526","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cosust.2025.101526","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Financial investments will be affected by ecological regime shifts through the loss of natural resources underpinning the dependencies of most economic sectors. We suggest one possible pathway to link industry and products to the likelihood of ecological regime shifts. The challenges and opportunities are discussed at each step, including datasets, methods, and metrics. To this end, we identify recent large-scale, state-of-the-art literature that can link land-based company activities to regime shifts. The estimation of investment exposure to regime shifts is possible, but higher resolution in company trade data, as well as spatially explicit datasets of commodity production, is needed to improve estimations. This will require a coordinated effort from the scientific community, businesses, and the policy sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":294,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 101526"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143747688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-01Epub Date: 2025-05-05DOI: 10.1016/j.cosust.2025.101536
Katja Malmborg , Jacqueline Hamilton , Carolin Seiferth
With increasing land-use pressures on landscapes, it is critical to improve their governance while being inclusive of those living there. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage sites and Biosphere Reserves play a crucial role in protecting both social and ecological values in designated landscapes, making them interesting sites for action-oriented research. The designation and maintenance of these protected areas can form and reshape the place-based identities and senses of belonging held by local actors and consequently enable or restrain the process of mobilizing action for sustainability. In this review, we build on recent literature and our own experiences of research in UNESCO sites to propose place-based identities and senses of belonging as potential deep leverage points that may be acted on to achieve transformative action-oriented research for sustainability while also reflecting on our own positionality before and throughout the research process.
{"title":"Leveraging place-based identities and senses of belonging to mobilize for action-oriented research in UNESCO sites","authors":"Katja Malmborg , Jacqueline Hamilton , Carolin Seiferth","doi":"10.1016/j.cosust.2025.101536","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cosust.2025.101536","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With increasing land-use pressures on landscapes, it is critical to improve their governance while being inclusive of those living there. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage sites and Biosphere Reserves play a crucial role in protecting both social and ecological values in designated landscapes, making them interesting sites for action-oriented research. The designation and maintenance of these protected areas can form and reshape the place-based identities and senses of belonging held by local actors and consequently enable or restrain the process of mobilizing action for sustainability. In this review, we build on recent literature and our own experiences of research in UNESCO sites to propose place-based identities and senses of belonging as potential deep leverage points that may be acted on to achieve transformative action-oriented research for sustainability while also reflecting on our own positionality before and throughout the research process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":294,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 101536"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143903831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01Epub Date: 2025-02-20DOI: 10.1016/j.cosust.2025.101518
Katherine Dafforn
Ports are growing globally with increases in throughput and associated infrastructure. While increased vessel throughput increases the chance of nonindigenous species (NIS) arriving in a port, the construction of new wharves and jetties increases the space available for their establishment. Here, I review links between ports and NIS and describe methods used to detect and protect from NIS in ports and how new technology can help to future-proof ports from biological invasion. Tools such as eDNA sampling and metabarcoding have the potential to speed up detection and response but suffer from a lack of standardised protocols and are limited by current global databases. Protecting artificial structures from NIS establishment using natural defences such as biological control and growth of native species is promising but remains constrained by port operational requirements. Detecting and protecting against biological invasion in commercial ports will be increasingly important, with capacity expected to double by 2030.
{"title":"Future-proofing our ports against biological invasion","authors":"Katherine Dafforn","doi":"10.1016/j.cosust.2025.101518","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cosust.2025.101518","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ports are growing globally with increases in throughput and associated infrastructure. While increased vessel throughput increases the chance of nonindigenous species (NIS) arriving in a port, the construction of new wharves and jetties increases the space available for their establishment. Here, I review links between ports and NIS and describe methods used to detect and protect from NIS in ports and how new technology can help to future-proof ports from biological invasion. Tools such as eDNA sampling and metabarcoding have the potential to speed up detection and response but suffer from a lack of standardised protocols and are limited by current global databases. Protecting artificial structures from NIS establishment using natural defences such as biological control and growth of native species is promising but remains constrained by port operational requirements. Detecting and protecting against biological invasion in commercial ports will be increasingly important, with capacity expected to double by 2030.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":294,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability","volume":"73 ","pages":"Article 101518"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143454809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01Epub Date: 2025-03-11DOI: 10.1016/j.cosust.2025.101517
Emma Granqvist , Robert M Goodsell , Mats Töpel , Fredrik Ronquist
Biodiversity impact assessments aim to enable market actors, regulators, and political agents to effectively steer human activities in a more sustainable direction. However, current biodiversity impact assessments often rely on biased, incomplete, or indirect data. We review the potential of addressing these shortcomings using emerging methods based on environmental DNA (eDNA). The eDNA technologies are developing rapidly, and DNA metabarcoding is now sufficiently mature to allow cost-effective, standardized recording of detailed local biodiversity data. The eDNA data allow computation of a wide range of the essential biodiversity variables, and open data reporting mechanisms are already in place. If companies were required to collect and openly report eDNA data documenting their impact, they could optimize biodiversity outcomes in relation to productivity and other factors in a fast development cycle. Simultaneously, publicly funded research could focus on analyzing the data and successively refining actionable metrics based on fundamental ecological principles.
{"title":"The transformative potential of eDNA-based biodiversity impact assessment","authors":"Emma Granqvist , Robert M Goodsell , Mats Töpel , Fredrik Ronquist","doi":"10.1016/j.cosust.2025.101517","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cosust.2025.101517","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biodiversity impact assessments aim to enable market actors, regulators, and political agents to effectively steer human activities in a more sustainable direction. However, current biodiversity impact assessments often rely on biased, incomplete, or indirect data. We review the potential of addressing these shortcomings using emerging methods based on environmental DNA (eDNA). The eDNA technologies are developing rapidly, and DNA metabarcoding is now sufficiently mature to allow cost-effective, standardized recording of detailed local biodiversity data. The eDNA data allow computation of a wide range of the essential biodiversity variables, and open data reporting mechanisms are already in place. If companies were required to collect and openly report eDNA data documenting their impact, they could optimize biodiversity outcomes in relation to productivity and other factors in a fast development cycle. Simultaneously, publicly funded research could focus on analyzing the data and successively refining actionable metrics based on fundamental ecological principles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":294,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability","volume":"73 ","pages":"Article 101517"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01Epub Date: 2025-01-20DOI: 10.1016/j.cosust.2024.101506
Iris C Bohnet , Rosalind Bryce , Inger E Måren , Alicia D Barraclough , Zoe Malcolm , Siiri Külm , Toomas Kokovkin , Steve Taylor , Eva Cudlinova , Kalev Sepp
Place-based social-ecological research is crucial for understanding local sustainability challenges. However, lack of transferability of insights to other locations and to larger scales remains challenging. In this paper, we present a novel transdisciplinary learning framework that links notions of cultural heritage, landscape, and social-ecological systems thinking to support sustainable rural development. Continuous dialogue, learning, and collaboration among communities and stakeholders, including researchers, take centre stage in this framework. We outline the four steps of the framework, conceptually integrating and operationalising how dialogue, learning, and collaboration can take place in each step. We tested the framework in the CULTIVATE project (https://www.cultivate-project.net), which explored the role of cultural heritage narratives in supporting sustainable rural development in four European UNESCO Biosphere Reserves. The framework successfully guided our research and comparative cross-case analysis, thereby contributing to aggregate learnings from place-based social-ecological research to develop knowledge at the national or global scale.
{"title":"Co-creating cultural narratives for sustainable rural development: a transdisciplinary learning framework for guiding place-based social-ecological research","authors":"Iris C Bohnet , Rosalind Bryce , Inger E Måren , Alicia D Barraclough , Zoe Malcolm , Siiri Külm , Toomas Kokovkin , Steve Taylor , Eva Cudlinova , Kalev Sepp","doi":"10.1016/j.cosust.2024.101506","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cosust.2024.101506","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Place-based social-ecological research is crucial for understanding local sustainability challenges. However, lack of transferability of insights to other locations and to larger scales remains challenging. In this paper, we present a novel transdisciplinary learning framework that links notions of cultural heritage, landscape, and social-ecological systems thinking to support sustainable rural development. Continuous dialogue, learning, and collaboration among communities and stakeholders, including researchers, take centre stage in this framework. We outline the four steps of the framework, conceptually integrating and operationalising how dialogue, learning, and collaboration can take place in each step. We tested the framework in the CULTIVATE project (<span><span>https://www.cultivate-project.net</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>), which explored the role of cultural heritage narratives in supporting sustainable rural development in four European UNESCO Biosphere Reserves. The framework successfully guided our research and comparative cross-case analysis, thereby contributing to aggregate learnings from place-based social-ecological research to develop knowledge at the national or global scale.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":294,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability","volume":"73 ","pages":"Article 101506"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143169307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01Epub Date: 2025-02-28DOI: 10.1016/j.cosust.2025.101519
Ishfaq Hussain Malik , James D Ford
The Arctic is experiencing rapid environmental changes, adaptation challenges, and geopolitical competition. Indigenous Peoples inhabiting the Arctic particularly experience these impacts affecting livelihoods, culture, and the possibilities for long-term adaptation. This study examines the social barriers and limits to adaptation in the Arctic, highlighting the intricate relationship between different social factors. We showcase that these factors are not merely technical or isolated but are deeply political in nature, influenced by broader structural factors, power dynamics, and governance systems. Colonialism, global capitalism, and geopolitical interests intersect and affect resource extraction, Indigenous sovereignty, cultural continuity, and adaptation. We highlight how structural inequalities, exclusion, marginalisation, and systemic neglect impact Indigenous Peoples’ adaptation. We examine how social norms, individual values, psychosocial factors, and governance systems shape adaptation outcomes, distinguishing between barriers and limits.
{"title":"Barriers and limits to adaptation in the Arctic","authors":"Ishfaq Hussain Malik , James D Ford","doi":"10.1016/j.cosust.2025.101519","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cosust.2025.101519","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Arctic is experiencing rapid environmental changes, adaptation challenges, and geopolitical competition. Indigenous Peoples inhabiting the Arctic particularly experience these impacts affecting livelihoods, culture, and the possibilities for long-term adaptation. This study examines the social barriers and limits to adaptation in the Arctic, highlighting the intricate relationship between different social factors. We showcase that these factors are not merely technical or isolated but are deeply political in nature, influenced by broader structural factors, power dynamics, and governance systems. Colonialism, global capitalism, and geopolitical interests intersect and affect resource extraction, Indigenous sovereignty, cultural continuity, and adaptation. We highlight how structural inequalities, exclusion, marginalisation, and systemic neglect impact Indigenous Peoples’ adaptation. We examine how social norms, individual values, psychosocial factors, and governance systems shape adaptation outcomes, distinguishing between barriers and limits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":294,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability","volume":"73 ","pages":"Article 101519"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143518950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01Epub Date: 2025-03-04DOI: 10.1016/j.cosust.2025.101521
Rosemary Hill , Diane Jarvis , Kirsten Maclean , Diego O Melgar , Emma Woodward , Rodney Carter , Ewamian Limited , Whitney Rassip , Phil Rist , Edmundo Claro
Indigenous peoples and local communities live in, manage, and own large regions and require investment to finance their biodiversity management strategies. Their approaches are proactive and powerful, with clear agency to drive futures that include consistent biodiversity finance. Our literature review and illustrative case studies highlight five factors that influence how communities forge pathways based on their world views and knowledge systems, underpinned by recognition of rights, compensation for damage by colonizers, and establishment of organizations with culturally valid governance to leverage biodiversity finance. Global actors, such as the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity implementing the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, need to understand the history and characteristics of these pathways and tailor their finance to suit — for example, to finance governance and organizational development for some and protected area management for others.
{"title":"Community-based approaches to biodiversity finance","authors":"Rosemary Hill , Diane Jarvis , Kirsten Maclean , Diego O Melgar , Emma Woodward , Rodney Carter , Ewamian Limited , Whitney Rassip , Phil Rist , Edmundo Claro","doi":"10.1016/j.cosust.2025.101521","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cosust.2025.101521","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Indigenous peoples and local communities live in, manage, and own large regions and require investment to finance their biodiversity management strategies. Their approaches are proactive and powerful, with clear agency to drive futures that include consistent biodiversity finance. Our literature review and illustrative case studies highlight five factors that influence how communities forge pathways based on their world views and knowledge systems, underpinned by recognition of rights, compensation for damage by colonizers, and establishment of organizations with culturally valid governance to leverage biodiversity finance. Global actors, such as the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity implementing the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, need to understand the history and characteristics of these pathways and tailor their finance to suit — for example, to finance governance and organizational development for some and protected area management for others.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":294,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability","volume":"73 ","pages":"Article 101521"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143549340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01Epub Date: 2025-01-25DOI: 10.1016/j.cosust.2024.101507
Ivo Wallimann-Helmer , Simon Kräuchi
Overstepping adaptation limits is often conceived as a negative impact to be avoided. This assertion towards adaptation limits implicitly assumes distributive entitlements of communities and their members. By reviewing different principles of distributive justice, this paper suggests sufficientarianism to be best suited to capture these entitlements. We argue that, in the context of climate adaptation, a sufficientarian approach can best deal with the challenges faced by egalitarian and prioritarian principles. In the literature on climate justice, sufficiency thresholds in adaptation have most recently been defined in terms of capabilities to live a decent human life or as the capabilities necessary for climate resilience.
{"title":"Adaptation limits as sufficiency entitlements of justice","authors":"Ivo Wallimann-Helmer , Simon Kräuchi","doi":"10.1016/j.cosust.2024.101507","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cosust.2024.101507","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Overstepping adaptation limits is often conceived as a negative impact to be avoided. This assertion towards adaptation limits implicitly assumes distributive entitlements of communities and their members. By reviewing different principles of distributive justice, this paper suggests sufficientarianism to be best suited to capture these entitlements. We argue that, in the context of climate adaptation, a sufficientarian approach can best deal with the challenges faced by egalitarian and prioritarian principles. In the literature on climate justice, sufficiency thresholds in adaptation have most recently been defined in terms of capabilities to live a decent human life or as the capabilities necessary for climate resilience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":294,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability","volume":"73 ","pages":"Article 101507"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143169254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01Epub Date: 2025-01-31DOI: 10.1016/j.cosust.2025.101508
Caroline Hélène Dabard , Carsten Mann , Berta Martín-López
Place-based innovations are expected to provide transformative solutions to global wicked problems. Biosphere Reserves, as designated model regions for sustainable development and sustainability transformations, are bound to support place-based innovations. Yet, empirical scientific evidence about innovation in Biosphere Reserves is rare so far. Hence, we review recent findings on innovations, grassroots, and transitions in Biosphere Reserves. We highlight five pathways in which place-based innovations develop in or with Biosphere Reserves. Following, we propose five strategies for Biosphere Reserves to purposefully support place-based innovations. Finally, we argue that Biosphere Reserves research should focus on transformation governance, and we call for support from policy and from the World Network to support innovation and enhance cross-boundary learning.
{"title":"Biosphere Reserves as catalysts for sustainability transformations: five strategies to support place-based innovation","authors":"Caroline Hélène Dabard , Carsten Mann , Berta Martín-López","doi":"10.1016/j.cosust.2025.101508","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cosust.2025.101508","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Place-based innovations are expected to provide transformative solutions to global wicked problems. Biosphere Reserves, as designated model regions for sustainable development and sustainability transformations, are bound to support place-based innovations. Yet, empirical scientific evidence about innovation in Biosphere Reserves is rare so far. Hence, we review recent findings on innovations, grassroots, and transitions in Biosphere Reserves. We highlight five pathways in which place-based innovations develop in or with Biosphere Reserves. Following, we propose five strategies for Biosphere Reserves to purposefully support place-based innovations. Finally, we argue that Biosphere Reserves research should focus on transformation governance, and we call for support from policy and from the World Network to support innovation and enhance cross-boundary learning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":294,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability","volume":"73 ","pages":"Article 101508"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143169255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01Epub Date: 2024-12-30DOI: 10.1016/j.cosust.2024.101503
Eliza C Nobles
Contemporarily, biodiversity loss is the prominent concern of the conservation movement. In reaction to the escalating depletion of biodiversity, governments and organizations are crafting policies and strategies with a central focus on biodiversity conservation. Assessing the extent of biodiversity loss and its relationship with human society necessitates reliable ecological metrics. However, the tools used to assess biodiversity encompass not only empirical dimensions but also normative values that shape conservation outcomes. This review examines the normative dialog implicit in our conceptualizations and measurements of biodiversity through the chronological framework of four conservation focal areas: Red Listing, species richness, environmental indicators, and the integration of human values. This investigation underscores the imperative to more clearly articulate the values of the conservation movement, a task that is even more pressing with the emergence of novel biodiversity finance tools.
{"title":"The ethical foundations of biodiversity metrics","authors":"Eliza C Nobles","doi":"10.1016/j.cosust.2024.101503","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cosust.2024.101503","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Contemporarily, biodiversity loss is the prominent concern of the conservation movement. In reaction to the escalating depletion of biodiversity, governments and organizations are crafting policies and strategies with a central focus on biodiversity conservation. Assessing the extent of biodiversity loss and its relationship with human society necessitates reliable ecological metrics. However, the tools used to assess biodiversity encompass not only empirical dimensions but also normative values that shape conservation outcomes. This review examines the normative dialog implicit in our conceptualizations and measurements of biodiversity through the chronological framework of four conservation focal areas: Red Listing, species richness, environmental indicators, and the integration of human values. This investigation underscores the imperative to more clearly articulate the values of the conservation movement, a task that is even more pressing with the emergence of novel biodiversity finance tools.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":294,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 101503"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143092459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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