Pub Date : 2023-11-26DOI: 10.56420/kronika.71.3.13
Urška Godina
In the period between the interwar years and several decades after the Second World War, Tone Kralj’s religious artworks greatly transformed the interiors of churches in the Littoral, as it was delineated during the Second World War, including four churches in the Ilirska Bistrica area, specifically, in Prem, Ilirska Bistrica, and Podgraje. While continuously imbuing his works for the said churches with notes of Slovenian vernacular culture, in a few scenes the painter also expressed his direct criticism of the occupier’s violence against the Slovenian people. Kralj’s postwar paintings that addressed the same topic played an important role in preserving the memory of wartime events that unfolded on Slovenian soil.
{"title":"Tone Kralj’s religious art in the Littoral","authors":"Urška Godina","doi":"10.56420/kronika.71.3.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56420/kronika.71.3.13","url":null,"abstract":"In the period between the interwar years and several decades after the Second World War, Tone Kralj’s religious artworks greatly transformed the interiors of churches in the Littoral, as it was delineated during the Second World War, including four churches in the Ilirska Bistrica area, specifically, in Prem, Ilirska Bistrica, and Podgraje. While continuously imbuing his works for the said churches with notes of Slovenian vernacular culture, in a few scenes the painter also expressed his direct criticism of the occupier’s violence against the Slovenian people. Kralj’s postwar paintings that addressed the same topic played an important role in preserving the memory of wartime events that unfolded on Slovenian soil.","PeriodicalId":38751,"journal":{"name":"Kronika","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139235764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-26DOI: 10.56420/kronika.71.3.10
Nejc Bratina
Since 1863, the gymnastic organization Sokol operated in Slovenia, welcoming all Slovenians with a vested interest in gymnastics; that is, until the collapse of the idea of Slovenian political unity. In 1905, following the new political division in Slovenian society, the Catholic side founded its own gymnastic organization, named Orel. Both also operated in the Ilirska Bistrica area. Following Sokol, the Orel organization was established on November 8th, 1908. The article presents its activities by drawing on the literature and newspaper sources.
{"title":"Operations of the Orel gymnastic section in the Ilirska Bistrica area","authors":"Nejc Bratina","doi":"10.56420/kronika.71.3.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56420/kronika.71.3.10","url":null,"abstract":"Since 1863, the gymnastic organization Sokol operated in Slovenia, welcoming all Slovenians with a vested interest in gymnastics; that is, until the collapse of the idea of Slovenian political unity. In 1905, following the new political division in Slovenian society, the Catholic side founded its own gymnastic organization, named Orel. Both also operated in the Ilirska Bistrica area. Following Sokol, the Orel organization was established on November 8th, 1908. The article presents its activities by drawing on the literature and newspaper sources.","PeriodicalId":38751,"journal":{"name":"Kronika","volume":"177 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139235121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-26DOI: 10.56420/kronika.71.3.14
Irena Uršič
Between 1922 and 1943, after the Treaty of Rapallo came into force, men enlisted in the Italian armed forces and boys forcibly incorporated into special battalions of the Italian army left the Ilirska Bistrica area as Italian citizens, joining the military structures of a state that was not their homeland. Having their names Italianized and coming from an environment that the fascist regime had stripped of its national identity, they risked their lives for the military interests of the Kingdom of Italy. The contribution sets forth selected topics, focusing on conscripts deserting in 1935, before and after the war in Ethiopia, on survivors’ personal experiences during the interwar period and the Second World War as well as on dead and missing soldiers and war captives. The author draws primarily on Italian archival sources, victimology sources, and oral sources obtained through conducting field research. To avoid generalizations, the article aims to highlight the different dimensions of enlistments and personalize the narrative by using the concrete names of deserters and dead soldiers as well as survivors’ testimonies.
{"title":"Men and boys from the Ilirska Bistrica area in Italian military uniform","authors":"Irena Uršič","doi":"10.56420/kronika.71.3.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56420/kronika.71.3.14","url":null,"abstract":"Between 1922 and 1943, after the Treaty of Rapallo came into force, men enlisted in the Italian armed forces and boys forcibly incorporated into special battalions of the Italian army left the Ilirska Bistrica area as Italian citizens, joining the military structures of a state that was not their homeland. Having their names Italianized and coming from an environment that the fascist regime had stripped of its national identity, they risked their lives for the military interests of the Kingdom of Italy. The contribution sets forth selected topics, focusing on conscripts deserting in 1935, before and after the war in Ethiopia, on survivors’ personal experiences during the interwar period and the Second World War as well as on dead and missing soldiers and war captives. The author draws primarily on Italian archival sources, victimology sources, and oral sources obtained through conducting field research. To avoid generalizations, the article aims to highlight the different dimensions of enlistments and personalize the narrative by using the concrete names of deserters and dead soldiers as well as survivors’ testimonies.","PeriodicalId":38751,"journal":{"name":"Kronika","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139235283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-26DOI: 10.56420/kronika.71.3.09
Bogdan Kolar
The religious Congregation of the School Sisters of Notre Dame was founded in the mid-nineteenth century in Bavaria in response to an urgent need for educating particularly girls. The new religious order addressed the needs and expectations of society by founding schools offering different courses and grades and boarding houses. The first institutions were established in the German-speaking world. In 1857, a school and a boarding house were founded in Gorizia. With the help of Jakob Missia, Bishop of Ljubljana, the sisters expanded their activities to Šmihel near Novo Mesto (1886) and Trnovo near Ilirska Bistrica (1888). They were also the first to provide education of deaf youth. The paper presents the beginning of the school and boarding house in Trnovo.
{"title":"The beginnings of the Notre Dame’s sister school in Trnovo","authors":"Bogdan Kolar","doi":"10.56420/kronika.71.3.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56420/kronika.71.3.09","url":null,"abstract":"The religious Congregation of the School Sisters of Notre Dame was founded in the mid-nineteenth century in Bavaria in response to an urgent need for educating particularly girls. The new religious order addressed the needs and expectations of society by founding schools offering different courses and grades and boarding houses. The first institutions were established in the German-speaking world. In 1857, a school and a boarding house were founded in Gorizia. With the help of Jakob Missia, Bishop of Ljubljana, the sisters expanded their activities to Šmihel near Novo Mesto (1886) and Trnovo near Ilirska Bistrica (1888). They were also the first to provide education of deaf youth. The paper presents the beginning of the school and boarding house in Trnovo.","PeriodicalId":38751,"journal":{"name":"Kronika","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139235307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-26DOI: 10.56420/kronika.71.3.17
Tjaša Jakop
The article presents the local dialect of Jelšane. Classified as an Inner Carniolan (Notranjska) dialect belonging to the Littoral (Primorska) dialect group, it evolved from the Lower Carniolan (Dolenjska) dialect, taking on more recent Littoral features. The contribution provides a detailed presentation of the dialect in terms of its phonology as well as morphological peculiarities and vocabulary, typical of this border area.
{"title":"The local dialect of the village of Jelšane","authors":"Tjaša Jakop","doi":"10.56420/kronika.71.3.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56420/kronika.71.3.17","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the local dialect of Jelšane. Classified as an Inner Carniolan (Notranjska) dialect belonging to the Littoral (Primorska) dialect group, it evolved from the Lower Carniolan (Dolenjska) dialect, taking on more recent Littoral features. The contribution provides a detailed presentation of the dialect in terms of its phonology as well as morphological peculiarities and vocabulary, typical of this border area.","PeriodicalId":38751,"journal":{"name":"Kronika","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139235297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-26DOI: 10.56420/kronika.71.3.12
Eda Belingar
The article presents the construction plan for the former Savings Bank (Cassa di Risparmio) in Ilirska Bistrica (on Bazoviška cesta 18), based on archival documents kept by the State Archives in Rijeka. The prominent craft and industrial life of Ilirska Bistrica enabled the development of accompanying activities, especially banking and lending. Financial institutions have always been among the first institutions to be put under governmental control. The same thing happened in Ilirska Bistrica upon its annexation to Italy after the end of the First World War. Archival documents do not contain information on when precisely the construction of the Savings Bank palace, one of the most prominent public buildings in Ilirska Bistrica, began. The construction was performed in accordance with the plans from 1929, which were signed by the then mayor, Carlo Ognibene. A detailed list of the intended works was compiled, as well as a technical report, the construction contract, and estimates, which are all presented in the article.
文章根据里耶卡国家档案馆保存的档案文件，介绍了位于伊利尔斯卡-比斯特里察（Bazoviška cesta 18 号）的前储蓄银行（Cassa di Risparmio）的建设规划。伊利尔斯卡-比斯特里察突出的手工业和工业生活促进了相关活动的发展，尤其是银行业和借贷业。金融机构一直是首批受政府控制的机构。第一次世界大战结束后，伊利尔斯卡-比斯特里察并入意大利，也发生了同样的情况。档案文件中没有关于储蓄银行宫殿（伊利尔斯卡-比斯特里察最著名的公共建筑之一）确切开工时间的信息。建筑工程是根据 1929 年的计划进行的，当时的市长卡洛-奥格尼贝内签署了该计划。文章中介绍了一份详细的工程清单、技术报告、施工合同和估算。
{"title":"Construction plans for the palace of the former Savings Bank (Cassa di Risparmio) in Ilirska Bistrica","authors":"Eda Belingar","doi":"10.56420/kronika.71.3.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56420/kronika.71.3.12","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the construction plan for the former Savings Bank (Cassa di Risparmio) in Ilirska Bistrica (on Bazoviška cesta 18), based on archival documents kept by the State Archives in Rijeka. The prominent craft and industrial life of Ilirska Bistrica enabled the development of accompanying activities, especially banking and lending. Financial institutions have always been among the first institutions to be put under governmental control. The same thing happened in Ilirska Bistrica upon its annexation to Italy after the end of the First World War. Archival documents do not contain information on when precisely the construction of the Savings Bank palace, one of the most prominent public buildings in Ilirska Bistrica, began. The construction was performed in accordance with the plans from 1929, which were signed by the then mayor, Carlo Ognibene. A detailed list of the intended works was compiled, as well as a technical report, the construction contract, and estimates, which are all presented in the article.","PeriodicalId":38751,"journal":{"name":"Kronika","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139235373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-26DOI: 10.56420/kronika.71.3.15
Klemen Kocjančič
Between 1918 and 1946, the area of present-day Ilirska Bistrica fell under the Kingdom of Italy; Italy’s capitulation in September 1943 was followed by the period of the German occupation. Due to its geostrategic position on the rail and road junction between Postojna and Rijeka, Ilirska Bistrica had an important military role and hence a strong garrison. Whereas initially, the latter was only composed of German units, starting with 1944, the area also witnessed the arrival of the members of the Slovenian National Defence Corps and finally also the members of the Serbian Volunteer Corps and the Četnik Dinara Division. The presence of these forces prevented the Partisans from launching a direct attack on Ilirska Bistrica, which therefore only witnessed major battles in the very last month of the war.
{"title":"Military operations during the German occupation of Ilirska Bistrica and its surroundings during the Second World War","authors":"Klemen Kocjančič","doi":"10.56420/kronika.71.3.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56420/kronika.71.3.15","url":null,"abstract":"Between 1918 and 1946, the area of present-day Ilirska Bistrica fell under the Kingdom of Italy; Italy’s capitulation in September 1943 was followed by the period of the German occupation. Due to its geostrategic position on the rail and road junction between Postojna and Rijeka, Ilirska Bistrica had an important military role and hence a strong garrison. Whereas initially, the latter was only composed of German units, starting with 1944, the area also witnessed the arrival of the members of the Slovenian National Defence Corps and finally also the members of the Serbian Volunteer Corps and the Četnik Dinara Division. The presence of these forces prevented the Partisans from launching a direct attack on Ilirska Bistrica, which therefore only witnessed major battles in the very last month of the war.","PeriodicalId":38751,"journal":{"name":"Kronika","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139236043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-26DOI: 10.56420/kronika.71.3.08
Aneja Rože
The contribution presents the building of memorials dedicated to the poet Dragotin Kette and the development of rituals to honour his memory from his death on 26 April 1899 to the 100th anniversary of his birth on 19 January 1976. In the span of eighty years, it is possible to observe how the attitude towards Kette changed in time and place as well as how the memorials and associated rituals served the authorities in the construction of collective identity under the given social, political, and ideological circumstances.
{"title":"Memorials of Dragotin Kette from the poet’s death to the 100th anniversary of his birth","authors":"Aneja Rože","doi":"10.56420/kronika.71.3.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56420/kronika.71.3.08","url":null,"abstract":"The contribution presents the building of memorials dedicated to the poet Dragotin Kette and the development of rituals to honour his memory from his death on 26 April 1899 to the 100th anniversary of his birth on 19 January 1976. In the span of eighty years, it is possible to observe how the attitude towards Kette changed in time and place as well as how the memorials and associated rituals served the authorities in the construction of collective identity under the given social, political, and ideological circumstances.","PeriodicalId":38751,"journal":{"name":"Kronika","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139235213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-24DOI: 10.56420/kronika.71.3.01
B. Golec
To the best of our knowledge, the only mention of Trnovo, now part of Ilirska Bistrica, as a market town is contained in the rent-roll of the local parish from 1713. The article examines the background of what for now appears to be the sole reference to the status of the settlement. The central question is: How long and on what basis was the place, which otherwise served as the parish seat, considered a market town? The comparison to other late-documented market towns in Slovenian territory excludes the possibility that the title of market town had deeper roots, reaching as far back as the Middle Ages. There is every indication that the perception of Trnovo as a market town was influenced by several factors, including the very important provincial estates’ tollhouse. The market town was also associated with the nominal office of (market-town) judge, combined with that of village head for Bistrica and Trnovo. The title of market town was most probably gradually introduced in the seventeenth century, and it very likely never attained wider recognition and visibility.
{"title":"When and why Trnovo was a market town","authors":"B. Golec","doi":"10.56420/kronika.71.3.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56420/kronika.71.3.01","url":null,"abstract":"To the best of our knowledge, the only mention of Trnovo, now part of Ilirska Bistrica, as a market town is contained in the rent-roll of the local parish from 1713. The article examines the background of what for now appears to be the sole reference to the status of the settlement. The central question is: How long and on what basis was the place, which otherwise served as the parish seat, considered a market town? The comparison to other late-documented market towns in Slovenian territory excludes the possibility that the title of market town had deeper roots, reaching as far back as the Middle Ages. There is every indication that the perception of Trnovo as a market town was influenced by several factors, including the very important provincial estates’ tollhouse. The market town was also associated with the nominal office of (market-town) judge, combined with that of village head for Bistrica and Trnovo. The title of market town was most probably gradually introduced in the seventeenth century, and it very likely never attained wider recognition and visibility.","PeriodicalId":38751,"journal":{"name":"Kronika","volume":"435 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139240607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-24DOI: 10.56420/kronika.71.3.06
B. Golec
Trnovo Mansion, named after the eponymous village, which now forms part of Ilirska Bistrica, is one of those early modern mansions and seigniorial seats, the location of which has sunken into oblivion and the very existence of which has remained forgotten for a very long time. There are two main reasons for this. First, the small seigniory, named Trnovo Mansion, only existed for a part of the eighteenth century, and the appearance of the building itself was in no regard so distinct as to be later necessarily associated with the former seigniorial seat. Founded by the Barons Oberburg, the seigniory de facto ceased to exist as a legal entity in 1762, when its estate was divided among Baron Wolf Anton’s five heirs. At that time, the mansion itself, no more than a fine house, belonged to the baron’s sister, who, two decades later, handed it over to her relative from another branch of the Oberburg family. Once it passed into non-noble hands, the memory of its former function was definitively lost. The article methodologically presents the process of tracing the construction, location, and disappearance of the mansion.
{"title":"Trnovo Mansion–three mysteries solved: its origin, disappearance, and location","authors":"B. Golec","doi":"10.56420/kronika.71.3.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56420/kronika.71.3.06","url":null,"abstract":"Trnovo Mansion, named after the eponymous village, which now forms part of Ilirska Bistrica, is one of those early modern mansions and seigniorial seats, the location of which has sunken into oblivion and the very existence of which has remained forgotten for a very long time. There are two main reasons for this. First, the small seigniory, named Trnovo Mansion, only existed for a part of the eighteenth century, and the appearance of the building itself was in no regard so distinct as to be later necessarily associated with the former seigniorial seat. Founded by the Barons Oberburg, the seigniory de facto ceased to exist as a legal entity in 1762, when its estate was divided among Baron Wolf Anton’s five heirs. At that time, the mansion itself, no more than a fine house, belonged to the baron’s sister, who, two decades later, handed it over to her relative from another branch of the Oberburg family. Once it passed into non-noble hands, the memory of its former function was definitively lost. The article methodologically presents the process of tracing the construction, location, and disappearance of the mansion.","PeriodicalId":38751,"journal":{"name":"Kronika","volume":"46 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139241372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：