Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.5325/editwharrevi.38.2.0089
Melanie V. Dawson, Jennifer Haytock
In 1920 Wharton would write from her Hyères garden, “I have always been more deeply sylvan, & horti & agri & all the rest of it, than anything else, & now the flowers & birds & woods literally ‘fill the room up’ of oh, so many absent friends” (Lee 557). The comforts of Wharton’s garden, her knowledge of it, and her long-term habit of cultivating the natural world all emerge in this statement, which also anthropomorphizes aspects of nature as human companions. As this introduction to this special issue of The Edith Wharton Review suggests, Wharton’s enthusiasm for natural environments led her to champion gardens and natural vistas; this interest, moreover, gestures toward significant facets of ecological thinking. We see signs of Wharton’s “sylvan” and “horti” and “agri” self emerge across her oeuvre, and those characteristics form the basis for the articles collected here, in which an increasing clarity of ecological thought emerges around natural issues, often in unexpected ways. We can find an example of Wharton’s attention to natural systems in her poem “In the Forest,” in which she focuses on two plant species that scientists today recognize as playing vital roles in the ecology of the North American continent: the violet and the oak. In Wharton’s poem, these plants engage in a dialogue about each’s perception of the world as the oak asks:
1920年，华顿在她的海勒斯花园写道:“我一直对森林、草地、农业和其他一切更感兴趣，而现在，花儿、鸟儿和树林真的‘填满了’哦，那么多不在的朋友的房间”(李557)。沃顿花园的舒适，她对花园的了解，以及她培育自然世界的长期习惯，都体现在这句话中，这句话也将自然的各个方面人性化，成为人类的伴侣。正如本期《伊迪丝·沃顿评论》特刊的引言所言，沃顿对自然环境的热情使她成为花园和自然景观的捍卫者;此外，这种兴趣表明了生态思维的重要方面。我们可以在她的作品中看到沃顿“森林”、“草地”和“农业”自我的迹象，这些特征构成了这里收集的文章的基础，在这些文章中，围绕自然问题的生态思想越来越清晰，往往以意想不到的方式出现。我们可以在她的诗《在森林里》(in the Forest)中找到沃顿对自然系统关注的一个例子。在诗中，她关注了两种今天科学家认为在北美大陆生态中起着至关重要作用的植物:紫罗兰和橡树。在沃顿的诗中，这些植物参与了一场关于各自对世界的感知的对话，就像橡树问的那样:
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Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.5325/editwharrevi.38.2.0194
Nezka Pfeifer
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Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.5325/editwharrevi.38.2.0144
S. Holden
Abstract:This article addresses how and why Edith Wharton used desert imagery in In Morocco (1920). It assesses this North African travelogue as well as her unpublished manuscript "Peter Elsom," war reportage, and "The Seed of the Faith," a short story set in a fictional Moroccan city. These works reveal that Wharton rarely if ever wrote of the desert as a natural ecological system. For her, the desert conveyed nostalgic longing for a mythic time before the ills of the modern era.
摘要:本文探讨了伊迪丝·沃顿在《在摩洛哥》(1920)中如何以及为什么使用沙漠意象。这本书评估了她的北非游记，以及她未发表的手稿《彼得·埃尔森》(Peter Elsom)、战争报告文学和以虚构的摩洛哥城市为背景的短篇小说《信仰的种子》(The Seed of The Faith)。这些作品表明，沃顿很少把沙漠作为一个自然生态系统来写。对她来说，沙漠传达了对现代社会弊病之前神话时代的怀旧渴望。
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Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.5325/editwharrevi.38.2.0101
Julie Olin-Ammentorp
Abstract:Although past critics of Wharton's work have focused on the social world she depicts, Wharton also presents the natural world in her work, from poems she wrote as a teenager through her late writings. Using Thomas Lyon's "Taxonomy of Nature Writing" (1989), this article looks at a range of Wharton's work to argue that she is indeed a "nature writer." Wharton's work in Italian Villas and Their Gardens and A Motor-Flight Through France meditate on the relationship between landscape and human habitation, and her lifelong experiences of gardening in various climates deepened her ecological understanding of climatological differences. Wharton's first published story "Mrs. Manstey's View" argues for the importance of nature even in an urban setting, while also creating a character who is a phenologist (someone who studies seasonal cycles); much later in her career, her paired novels Hudson River Bracketed and The Gods Arrive not only demonstrate Wharton's own skill as a nature writer, but also convey the importance of nature, both cosmic and local, as inspiration to the writer. Finally, the article suggests that Wharton's attentiveness to nature may have made her a better writer; moreover, it asks readers to consider Wharton's depictions of nature as they consider today's ecological crisis.
摘要:尽管过去对沃顿作品的批评主要集中在她所描绘的社会世界上，但沃顿也在她的作品中呈现了自然世界，从她十几岁时写的诗到她后期的作品。本文引用Thomas Lyon的《自然写作分类学》(Taxonomy of Nature Writing, 1989)，分析了沃顿的一系列作品，以证明她确实是一位“自然作家”。沃顿的作品《意大利别墅和他们的花园》和《穿越法国的汽车飞行》思考了景观和人类居住之间的关系，她一生在各种气候下的园艺经历加深了她对气候差异的生态理解。沃顿发表的第一篇小说《曼斯蒂夫人的观点》(Mrs. Manstey’s View)论证了即使在城市环境中自然的重要性，同时也创造了一个物候学家(研究季节周期的人)的角色;在她职业生涯的后期，她的两部小说《哈德逊河夹道》和《众神降临》不仅展示了沃顿自己作为自然作家的技巧，还传达了自然的重要性，无论是宇宙还是地方，都是作家的灵感来源。最后，文章指出，沃顿对自然的关注可能使她成为一个更好的作家;此外，它还要求读者在思考当今的生态危机时，思考沃顿对自然的描绘。
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Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.5325/editwharrevi.38.2.0189
Margarida Cadima
{"title":"Modernism and the Anthropocene: Material Ecologies of Twentieth-Century Literature","authors":"Margarida Cadima","doi":"10.5325/editwharrevi.38.2.0189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/editwharrevi.38.2.0189","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40904,"journal":{"name":"Edith Wharton Review","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73486930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.5325/editwharrevi.38.2.0167
R. Bode
Abstract:Edith Wharton's early novella, "Bunner Sisters," shows the author's engagement with ecological thinking from early in her career. Despite her sometimes negative comments on cities, Wharton's fiction reveals the appeal that the urbanscape held for her imagination. An ecocritical approach, informed by urban ecology, traces in "Bunner Sisters" Wharton's understanding of the city as a dynamic entity made up of multiple interdependencies that include both animate (human and nonhuman) and inanimate matter. Wharton's ecological awareness illuminates the sisters' relationship to their surroundings through their forays into green spaces and engagement with flowers. In Evelina's case, especially, it illuminates the seductive and detrimental effect of social ideals concerning the marital status of women. More broadly, the sisters' urban context looks forward to best practices in urban planning. With remarkable prescience, Wharton's New York in "Bunner Sisters" functions along urban principles aimed at maintaining vibrant cities that align with those espoused by late twentieth-century urban activist Jane Jacobs and subsequently adopted by urban planners and designers.
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Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.5325/editwharrevi.38.2.0122
Gary Totten
Abstract:This article examines what readers learn about Wharton's view of island ecosystems in her 1888 diary of her Aegean cruise, The Cruise of the Vanadis, when readers approach the diary in relation to recent island studies frameworks. The author expands previous discussion of Wharton's imperialist, nationalist, and racial ideologies to consider how these ideas are impacted by her notion of the relationship between humans and their environments, especially in island contexts. Wharton's 1888 cruise is a formative moment in which her notions of island geography and related ideas about otherness—racial, cultural, and geopolitical—emerge. This burgeoning attention to the connections between people and place, what might even be called the bioregional identity of place, carries into the rich connections between characters and settings/landscapes in her later work.
{"title":"Edith Wharton's Island Ecologies and The Cruise of the Vanadis","authors":"Gary Totten","doi":"10.5325/editwharrevi.38.2.0122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/editwharrevi.38.2.0122","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article examines what readers learn about Wharton's view of island ecosystems in her 1888 diary of her Aegean cruise, The Cruise of the Vanadis, when readers approach the diary in relation to recent island studies frameworks. The author expands previous discussion of Wharton's imperialist, nationalist, and racial ideologies to consider how these ideas are impacted by her notion of the relationship between humans and their environments, especially in island contexts. Wharton's 1888 cruise is a formative moment in which her notions of island geography and related ideas about otherness—racial, cultural, and geopolitical—emerge. This burgeoning attention to the connections between people and place, what might even be called the bioregional identity of place, carries into the rich connections between characters and settings/landscapes in her later work.","PeriodicalId":40904,"journal":{"name":"Edith Wharton Review","volume":"29 1","pages":"122 - 143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87481253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.5325/editwharrevi.38.1.0050
P. Boswell
Abstract:For those of us who study and love the works of Edith Wharton, The Gilded Age gives us the pleasure of recognizing her influence in Julian Fellowes’s epic series. From the detailed and exquisite sets and costumes to the story lines, Wharton— and other writers of her time—help guide us through Fellowes’s 1882 New York City in ways that enrich both the series and Wharton’s works, from The House of Mirth, to The Age of Innocence, to The Old Maid, and beyond.
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Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-52742-6
A. Blair
{"title":"Teaching Edith Wharton’s Major Novels and Short Fiction ed. by Ferdâ Asya (review)","authors":"A. Blair","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-52742-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52742-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40904,"journal":{"name":"Edith Wharton Review","volume":"62 1","pages":"75 - 79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85181746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.5325/editwharrevi.38.1.0060
Carole M. Shaffer-Koros
Abstract:
This article recounts the history of the first eighteen years of the Edith Wharton Society.
摘要:本文叙述了伊迪丝·华顿协会成立十八年的历史。
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