Purpose: The general purpose of the study was to explore one health approaches to disease management. Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library. Findings: The findings reveal that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to one health approaches to disease management. Preliminary empirical review revealed that that interdisciplinary collaboration was vital in addressing health challenges at the human-animal-environment interface. Through a comprehensive review of empirical evidence and case studies, the research demonstrated the potential of One Health initiatives to mitigate the burden of infectious diseases, improve health outcomes, and promote sustainable development. Community engagement was highlighted as crucial for identifying health priorities and implementing interventions effectively. Despite challenges such as the need for standardized methodologies and sustainable financing, the study emphasized the importance of continued investment in One Health research and practice to build resilient health systems and promote equity in health outcomes. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The Complexity theory, Social Ecological model and the Diffusion of Innovations theory may be used to anchor future studies on disease management. The study advocated for interdisciplinary collaboration, complexity theory, and systems thinking to understand health systems better. In practice, these recommendations led to the development and implementation of integrated health interventions, considering the health of humans, animals, and ecosystems. From a policy perspective, they emphasized fostering multi-sectoral collaboration and establishing institutional frameworks to support One Health initiatives. Additionally, the recommendations highlighted the importance of community engagement, investment in research and innovation, and international cooperation to advance One Health agendas and address global health threats. Overall, these recommendations provided valuable guidance for stakeholders in promoting integrated approaches to disease management and improving health outcomes for all.
{"title":"One Health Approaches to Disease Management","authors":"Jones Dembe","doi":"10.47941/ahj.1777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47941/ahj.1777","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The general purpose of the study was to explore one health approaches to disease management. \u0000Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library. \u0000Findings: The findings reveal that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to one health approaches to disease management. Preliminary empirical review revealed that that interdisciplinary collaboration was vital in addressing health challenges at the human-animal-environment interface. Through a comprehensive review of empirical evidence and case studies, the research demonstrated the potential of One Health initiatives to mitigate the burden of infectious diseases, improve health outcomes, and promote sustainable development. Community engagement was highlighted as crucial for identifying health priorities and implementing interventions effectively. Despite challenges such as the need for standardized methodologies and sustainable financing, the study emphasized the importance of continued investment in One Health research and practice to build resilient health systems and promote equity in health outcomes. \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The Complexity theory, Social Ecological model and the Diffusion of Innovations theory may be used to anchor future studies on disease management. The study advocated for interdisciplinary collaboration, complexity theory, and systems thinking to understand health systems better. In practice, these recommendations led to the development and implementation of integrated health interventions, considering the health of humans, animals, and ecosystems. From a policy perspective, they emphasized fostering multi-sectoral collaboration and establishing institutional frameworks to support One Health initiatives. Additionally, the recommendations highlighted the importance of community engagement, investment in research and innovation, and international cooperation to advance One Health agendas and address global health threats. Overall, these recommendations provided valuable guidance for stakeholders in promoting integrated approaches to disease management and improving health outcomes for all.","PeriodicalId":439098,"journal":{"name":"Animal Health Journal","volume":"55 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140365552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The general purpose of the study was to explore the immunomodulatory effects of herbal supplements in poultry. Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library. Findings: The findings reveal that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to immunomodulatory effects of herbal supplements in poultry. Preliminary empirical review revealed that herbal extracts enhanced immune parameters, such as lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production, suggesting their potential to improve poultry health and disease resistance. The diverse mechanisms of action of phytochemicals underscored the complexity of herbal supplements' effects on poultry immunity, while considerations such as formulation and environmental factors influenced their efficacy. Overall, while further research is warranted to optimize formulations and deepen our understanding of mechanisms, herbal supplements show considerable promise as alternatives to conventional additives in poultry production, offering holistic and sustainable approaches to enhancing poultry health and welfare. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The Systems Biology theory, Ecological Systems theory and Ethnopharmacology theory may be used to anchor future studies on immunomodulatory effects of herbal supplements in poultry. The study provided recommendations that contributed to theory, practice, and policy in poultry production and animal health. The findings advanced theoretical knowledge by elucidating the complex interactions between phytochemicals and the avian immune system. In practice, recommendations supported the incorporation of herbal supplements into poultry diets to promote immune health and disease resistance, benefiting poultry producers, veterinarians, and feed manufacturers. Moreover, policy recommendations advocated for regulatory frameworks supporting the use of herbal supplements and education initiatives aimed at enhancing stakeholder awareness and understanding. Collaboration between academia, industry, and government agencies was recommended to further research and innovation, while international cooperation facilitated knowledge exchange and harmonization of standards. Keywords: Immunomodulatory, Herbal Supplements, Poultry, Phytochemicals, Immune Function, Sustainable, Regulation, Collaboration, International Cooperation
{"title":"The Immunomodulatory Effects of Herbal Supplements in Poultry","authors":"Catherine Michael","doi":"10.47941/ahj.1780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47941/ahj.1780","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The general purpose of the study was to explore the immunomodulatory effects of herbal supplements in poultry. \u0000Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library. \u0000Findings: The findings reveal that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to immunomodulatory effects of herbal supplements in poultry. Preliminary empirical review revealed that herbal extracts enhanced immune parameters, such as lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production, suggesting their potential to improve poultry health and disease resistance. The diverse mechanisms of action of phytochemicals underscored the complexity of herbal supplements' effects on poultry immunity, while considerations such as formulation and environmental factors influenced their efficacy. Overall, while further research is warranted to optimize formulations and deepen our understanding of mechanisms, herbal supplements show considerable promise as alternatives to conventional additives in poultry production, offering holistic and sustainable approaches to enhancing poultry health and welfare. \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The Systems Biology theory, Ecological Systems theory and Ethnopharmacology theory may be used to anchor future studies on immunomodulatory effects of herbal supplements in poultry. The study provided recommendations that contributed to theory, practice, and policy in poultry production and animal health. The findings advanced theoretical knowledge by elucidating the complex interactions between phytochemicals and the avian immune system. In practice, recommendations supported the incorporation of herbal supplements into poultry diets to promote immune health and disease resistance, benefiting poultry producers, veterinarians, and feed manufacturers. Moreover, policy recommendations advocated for regulatory frameworks supporting the use of herbal supplements and education initiatives aimed at enhancing stakeholder awareness and understanding. Collaboration between academia, industry, and government agencies was recommended to further research and innovation, while international cooperation facilitated knowledge exchange and harmonization of standards. \u0000Keywords: Immunomodulatory, Herbal Supplements, Poultry, Phytochemicals, Immune Function, Sustainable, Regulation, Collaboration, International Cooperation","PeriodicalId":439098,"journal":{"name":"Animal Health Journal","volume":"60 33","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140364899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: This study sought to investigate the impact of climate change on vector-borne diseases in wildlife. Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library. Findings: The findings reveal that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to climate change on vector-borne diseases in wildlife. Preliminary empirical review revealed that that environmental shifts, driven by climate change, profoundly influenced the distribution and transmission dynamics of diseases among wildlife populations. Through a comprehensive review of empirical studies, it was found that warmer temperatures, altered precipitation patterns, and extreme weather events expanded vector habitats, increasing disease exposure for wildlife. The research emphasized the importance of interdisciplinary approaches and proactive measures, such as habitat restoration and disease surveillance, to mitigate disease risks and promote ecosystem resilience. Overall, the study highlighted the urgent need to address the interconnected challenges of climate change, vector-borne diseases, and wildlife health to safeguard environmental and human well-being. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The Ecological Niche theory, Disease Ecology theory and One Health theory may be used to anchor future studies on climate change on vector-borne diseases in wildlife. The study provided recommendations that contributed to theory, practice, and policy. From a theoretical perspective, it emphasized the need for interdisciplinary research to understand the complex interactions between climate change, vector populations, and disease transmission. Practically, the study recommended adaptive management strategies, such as habitat restoration and disease surveillance, to mitigate disease risks in wildlife. Policy-wise, it called for integrating climate resilience and biodiversity conservation efforts, along with public education campaigns and international cooperation, to address the transboundary nature of vector-borne disease threats. Overall, these recommendations aimed to build resilience in ecosystems, protect biodiversity, and ensure the health of wildlife populations amidst climate change.
{"title":"Impact of Climate Change on Vector-Borne Diseases in Wildlife","authors":"Kate Nafuna","doi":"10.47941/ahj.1778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47941/ahj.1778","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study sought to investigate the impact of climate change on vector-borne diseases in wildlife. \u0000Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library. \u0000Findings: The findings reveal that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to climate change on vector-borne diseases in wildlife. Preliminary empirical review revealed that that environmental shifts, driven by climate change, profoundly influenced the distribution and transmission dynamics of diseases among wildlife populations. Through a comprehensive review of empirical studies, it was found that warmer temperatures, altered precipitation patterns, and extreme weather events expanded vector habitats, increasing disease exposure for wildlife. The research emphasized the importance of interdisciplinary approaches and proactive measures, such as habitat restoration and disease surveillance, to mitigate disease risks and promote ecosystem resilience. Overall, the study highlighted the urgent need to address the interconnected challenges of climate change, vector-borne diseases, and wildlife health to safeguard environmental and human well-being. \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The Ecological Niche theory, Disease Ecology theory and One Health theory may be used to anchor future studies on climate change on vector-borne diseases in wildlife. The study provided recommendations that contributed to theory, practice, and policy. From a theoretical perspective, it emphasized the need for interdisciplinary research to understand the complex interactions between climate change, vector populations, and disease transmission. Practically, the study recommended adaptive management strategies, such as habitat restoration and disease surveillance, to mitigate disease risks in wildlife. Policy-wise, it called for integrating climate resilience and biodiversity conservation efforts, along with public education campaigns and international cooperation, to address the transboundary nature of vector-borne disease threats. Overall, these recommendations aimed to build resilience in ecosystems, protect biodiversity, and ensure the health of wildlife populations amidst climate change.","PeriodicalId":439098,"journal":{"name":"Animal Health Journal","volume":"66 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140365890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The general purpose of this study was to investigate antibiotic alternatives for controlling bacterial infections in aquaculture. Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library. Findings: The findings reveal that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to antibiotic alternatives for controlling bacterial infections in aquaculture. Preliminary empirical review revealed that various alternative strategies, including probiotics, phage therapy, herbal extracts, and immunostimulants, showed promise in managing bacterial infections and promoting aquaculture sustainability. It emphasized the importance of adopting a multifaceted approach and conducting further research to optimize the efficacy and scalability of antibiotic alternatives. Additionally, interdisciplinary collaboration was highlighted as essential for driving innovation and facilitating the development of sustainable disease management strategies. Overall, the study underscored the urgency of transitioning towards antibiotic alternatives to mitigate risks, promote environmental sustainability, and ensure long-term seafood production viability. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The Systems theory, Social-Ecological Systems theory and Ecological Resilience theory may be used to anchor future studies on antibiotic alternatives for controlling bacterial infections in aquaculture. This study has contributed significantly to theoretical advancements, practical applications, and policy development. By exploring various theoretical frameworks such as systems theory, social-ecological systems theory, and resilience theory, the research provided insights into the complex dynamics of disease management in aquaculture. Recommendations were made to integrate antibiotic alternatives into holistic disease management strategies tailored to specific aquaculture systems and target species. Practical guidelines were proposed for the selection, formulation, and administration of antibiotic alternatives, while policy recommendations emphasized the need for regulatory frameworks that support sustainable aquaculture practices. Overall, the study informed future research directions and policy initiatives aimed at promoting the responsible use of antibiotic alternatives and enhancing the resilience of aquaculture systems. Keywords: Antibiotic Alternatives, Bacterial Infections, Aquaculture, Disease Management, Systems Theory, Social-Ecological Systems Theory, Resilience
{"title":"Antibiotic Alternatives for Controlling Bacterial Infections in Aquaculture","authors":"Brian Omolloh","doi":"10.47941/ahj.1779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47941/ahj.1779","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The general purpose of this study was to investigate antibiotic alternatives for controlling bacterial infections in aquaculture. \u0000Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library. \u0000Findings: The findings reveal that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to antibiotic alternatives for controlling bacterial infections in aquaculture. Preliminary empirical review revealed that various alternative strategies, including probiotics, phage therapy, herbal extracts, and immunostimulants, showed promise in managing bacterial infections and promoting aquaculture sustainability. It emphasized the importance of adopting a multifaceted approach and conducting further research to optimize the efficacy and scalability of antibiotic alternatives. Additionally, interdisciplinary collaboration was highlighted as essential for driving innovation and facilitating the development of sustainable disease management strategies. Overall, the study underscored the urgency of transitioning towards antibiotic alternatives to mitigate risks, promote environmental sustainability, and ensure long-term seafood production viability. \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The Systems theory, Social-Ecological Systems theory and Ecological Resilience theory may be used to anchor future studies on antibiotic alternatives for controlling bacterial infections in aquaculture. This study has contributed significantly to theoretical advancements, practical applications, and policy development. By exploring various theoretical frameworks such as systems theory, social-ecological systems theory, and resilience theory, the research provided insights into the complex dynamics of disease management in aquaculture. Recommendations were made to integrate antibiotic alternatives into holistic disease management strategies tailored to specific aquaculture systems and target species. Practical guidelines were proposed for the selection, formulation, and administration of antibiotic alternatives, while policy recommendations emphasized the need for regulatory frameworks that support sustainable aquaculture practices. Overall, the study informed future research directions and policy initiatives aimed at promoting the responsible use of antibiotic alternatives and enhancing the resilience of aquaculture systems. \u0000Keywords: Antibiotic Alternatives, Bacterial Infections, Aquaculture, Disease Management, Systems Theory, Social-Ecological Systems Theory, Resilience","PeriodicalId":439098,"journal":{"name":"Animal Health Journal","volume":"14 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140368686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The general purpose of this study was to examine the effects of environmental enrichment on stress and welfare in laboratory animals. Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library. Findings: The findings reveal that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to the effects of environmental enrichment on stress and welfare in laboratory animals. Preliminary empirical review revealed that that enriching their living environments significantly improved their well-being. They found that interventions such as physical, social, cognitive, and sensory enrichment reduced stress levels, promoted natural behaviors, and enhanced cognitive function. Tailoring enrichment programs to specific species' needs and considering factors like environmental complexity and novelty proved crucial. Moreover, these interventions not only benefited animal welfare but also improved research outcomes by reducing stress and enhancing the validity of preclinical studies. Overall, the research underscored the importance of implementing evidence-based enrichment strategies to ensure the ethical treatment of laboratory animals and enhance the reliability of scientific research. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The Biophilia Hypothesis, Optimal Stimulation theory and Stress Inoculation theory may be used to anchor future studies on stress and welfare in laboratory animals. The study made significant contributions to theory, practice, and policy in the field of laboratory animal welfare. It provided valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms of environmental enrichment's influence on animal well-being, contributing to existing theoretical frameworks such as the Biophilia Hypothesis, Optimal Stimulation Theory, and Stress Inoculation Theory. Additionally, the study offered practical recommendations for implementing evidence-based enrichment programs tailored to the needs of different animal species. These findings informed policy development by guiding the establishment of standards for enrichment in laboratory animal facilities, enhancing the protection and welfare of laboratory animals across institutional and national levels. Keywords: Environmental Enrichment, Laboratory Animals, Stress, Welfare, Mechanisms, Biophilia Hypothesis, Optimal Stimulation Theory, Stress Inoculation Theory, Implementation, Standards, Well-Being
{"title":"Effects of Environmental Enrichment on Stress and Welfare in Laboratory Animals","authors":"Sonia Charles","doi":"10.47941/ahj.1776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47941/ahj.1776","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The general purpose of this study was to examine the effects of environmental enrichment on stress and welfare in laboratory animals. \u0000Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library. \u0000Findings: The findings reveal that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to the effects of environmental enrichment on stress and welfare in laboratory animals. Preliminary empirical review revealed that that enriching their living environments significantly improved their well-being. They found that interventions such as physical, social, cognitive, and sensory enrichment reduced stress levels, promoted natural behaviors, and enhanced cognitive function. Tailoring enrichment programs to specific species' needs and considering factors like environmental complexity and novelty proved crucial. Moreover, these interventions not only benefited animal welfare but also improved research outcomes by reducing stress and enhancing the validity of preclinical studies. Overall, the research underscored the importance of implementing evidence-based enrichment strategies to ensure the ethical treatment of laboratory animals and enhance the reliability of scientific research. \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The Biophilia Hypothesis, Optimal Stimulation theory and Stress Inoculation theory may be used to anchor future studies on stress and welfare in laboratory animals. The study made significant contributions to theory, practice, and policy in the field of laboratory animal welfare. It provided valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms of environmental enrichment's influence on animal well-being, contributing to existing theoretical frameworks such as the Biophilia Hypothesis, Optimal Stimulation Theory, and Stress Inoculation Theory. Additionally, the study offered practical recommendations for implementing evidence-based enrichment programs tailored to the needs of different animal species. These findings informed policy development by guiding the establishment of standards for enrichment in laboratory animal facilities, enhancing the protection and welfare of laboratory animals across institutional and national levels. \u0000Keywords: Environmental Enrichment, Laboratory Animals, Stress, Welfare, Mechanisms, Biophilia Hypothesis, Optimal Stimulation Theory, Stress Inoculation Theory, Implementation, Standards, Well-Being","PeriodicalId":439098,"journal":{"name":"Animal Health Journal","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140367298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Bitrus, C. Ezema, H. J. Makun, C. J. Aronu, E.S Arinzechukwu, T. T. Gilbert, A. Chindo, W. W. Ishaya, F.D. Peter
Purpose: The overall objective of this study was to examine the reproductive and productive abilities of three Nigerian indigenous goat breeds. Methodology: The study covered 108 primiparous does and nine bucks from Sahel (SH), Red Sokoto (RS), and West African dwarf (WAD) goat breeds. In different pens, the animals were bred in various combinations: RS x RS, WAD x WAD, SH x SH, RS x SH, RS x WAD, SH x RS, and SH x WAD. WAD x SH, WAD x RS. Estrus synchronization was done using prostaglandins. Mating occurred naturally when animals were on heat. Dams were given special care throughout pregnancy. The study measured dams' weights, litter size, and pre-weaning mortality rates in kids. The total kid crop and sexes were also assessed. We measured dam lactation weight loss, birth weight, and weaning weight. SPSS, ANOVA, and the Turkey statistical test were used for data analysis. Findings: The result showed that there was a significant (P<0.05) difference in the weight of does at kidding. The weight of does at weaning varied significantly (P<0.05). Litter size significantly (P<0.05) affected the birth weight and weaning weight of kids. An increase in litter size per birth resulted in a significant (P<0.05) rise in kid mortality rates. Breed type significantly (P<0.05) affected doe production efficiency and weaning weight ratio. Although WAD x WAD goats had lower birth and weaning weights, hybrid vigour (birth and weaning weights) improved significantly (P<0.05) when cross-bred with SH or RS breeds. When crossed with SH or WAD goat breeds, RS breeds had the greatest positive effect on hybrid vigour (heterosis), followed by SH breeds. Both SH x RS and RS x SH progenies recorded higher hybrid vigour than the other nine bred line progenies. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: This study found that Nigerian indigenous goat breeds had great reproductive efficiency and breeding potential if properly managed. Genetic variations observed in the study could improve Kids crop, birth weight, litter size, hybrid vigour, and pre-weaning survivorship due to their broad variety. This study recommends a careful selection and crossbreeding of Nigerian indigenous goat breeds with suitable pedigree in order to increase their productivity.
目的：本研究的总体目标是考察尼日利亚三个本土山羊品种的繁殖和生产能力。 研究方法：研究对象包括萨赫勒山羊（SH）、红索科托山羊（RS）和西非矮山羊（WAD）品种的 108 头初产母羊和 9 头公羊。在不同的羊圈中，这些动物以不同的组合进行繁殖：RS x RS、WAD x WAD、SH x SH、RS x SH、RS x WAD、SH x RS 和 SH x WAD。WAD x SH，WAD x RS。使用前列腺素同步发情。动物发情时自然交配。母鼠在整个怀孕期间都会得到特殊照顾。研究测量了母牛的体重、产仔数和断奶前的仔牛死亡率。此外，还对雏牛的总产量和性别进行了评估。我们还测量了母牛哺乳期体重损失、出生体重和断奶体重。数据分析采用了 SPSS、方差分析和土耳其统计检验。 研究结果结果表明，母牛产仔体重差异显著（P<0.05）。母猪断奶时的体重差异显著（P<0.05）。窝产仔数对仔猪出生体重和断奶体重有明显影响（P<0.05）。每胎产仔数的增加导致仔猪死亡率显著上升（P<0.05）。品种类型对母羊生产效率和断奶重量比有明显影响（P<0.05）。虽然 WAD x WAD 山羊的出生重和断奶重较低，但与 SH 或 RS 品种杂交时，杂种活力（出生重和断奶重）显著提高（P<0.05）。当与 SH 或 WAD 山羊品种杂交时，RS 品种对杂种活力（异交）的积极影响最大，其次是 SH 品种。SH×RS和RS×SH后代的杂种活力均高于其他九个品系后代。 对理论、实践和政策的独特贡献：这项研究发现，如果管理得当，尼日利亚本土山羊品种具有很高的繁殖效率和育种潜力。由于品种繁多，研究中观察到的遗传变异可提高孩童产量、出生体重、产仔数、杂交活力和断奶前存活率。本研究建议对尼日利亚本土山羊品种进行仔细挑选，并与合适的血统进行杂交，以提高其生产力。
{"title":"Reproductive Efficiencies and Productive Potentials of Female Nigerian Indigenous Goat Breeds","authors":"I. Bitrus, C. Ezema, H. J. Makun, C. J. Aronu, E.S Arinzechukwu, T. T. Gilbert, A. Chindo, W. W. Ishaya, F.D. Peter","doi":"10.47941/ahj.1537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47941/ahj.1537","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The overall objective of this study was to examine the reproductive and productive abilities of three Nigerian indigenous goat breeds. Methodology: The study covered 108 primiparous does and nine bucks from Sahel (SH), Red Sokoto (RS), and West African dwarf (WAD) goat breeds. In different pens, the animals were bred in various combinations: RS x RS, WAD x WAD, SH x SH, RS x SH, RS x WAD, SH x RS, and SH x WAD. WAD x SH, WAD x RS. Estrus synchronization was done using prostaglandins. Mating occurred naturally when animals were on heat. Dams were given special care throughout pregnancy. The study measured dams' weights, litter size, and pre-weaning mortality rates in kids. The total kid crop and sexes were also assessed. We measured dam lactation weight loss, birth weight, and weaning weight. SPSS, ANOVA, and the Turkey statistical test were used for data analysis. Findings: The result showed that there was a significant (P<0.05) difference in the weight of does at kidding. The weight of does at weaning varied significantly (P<0.05). Litter size significantly (P<0.05) affected the birth weight and weaning weight of kids. An increase in litter size per birth resulted in a significant (P<0.05) rise in kid mortality rates. Breed type significantly (P<0.05) affected doe production efficiency and weaning weight ratio. Although WAD x WAD goats had lower birth and weaning weights, hybrid vigour (birth and weaning weights) improved significantly (P<0.05) when cross-bred with SH or RS breeds. When crossed with SH or WAD goat breeds, RS breeds had the greatest positive effect on hybrid vigour (heterosis), followed by SH breeds. Both SH x RS and RS x SH progenies recorded higher hybrid vigour than the other nine bred line progenies. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: This study found that Nigerian indigenous goat breeds had great reproductive efficiency and breeding potential if properly managed. Genetic variations observed in the study could improve Kids crop, birth weight, litter size, hybrid vigour, and pre-weaning survivorship due to their broad variety. This study recommends a careful selection and crossbreeding of Nigerian indigenous goat breeds with suitable pedigree in order to increase their productivity.","PeriodicalId":439098,"journal":{"name":"Animal Health Journal","volume":"219 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139203529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The main objective of this study was to investigate behavioural medicine interventions on the behaviour and mental health of companion animals. Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library. Findings: The findings revealed that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to behavioral medicine in companion animals. Preliminary empirical review revealed that it is important to consider the unique needs and circumstances of companion animals when designing and implementing behavioral medicine interventions. Factors such as the animal's history, environment, and the presence of underlying medical conditions must be carefully evaluated to tailor interventions effectively. Additionally, the role of human caregivers, including pet owners, trainers, and veterinary professionals, is paramount in the success of these interventions. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The Social Learning theory, Cognitive Behavioural theory and the Attachment theory may be used to anchor future studies on behavioral medicine in companion animals. The study recommended for promoting early and comprehensive behavioural assessment, increasing awareness and education for pet owners, expanding access to qualified behavioural professionals, incorporating evidence based approaches, fostering collaboration between veterinary and behavioural professions and emphasizing prevention and early intervention.
{"title":"Behavioral Medicine in Companion Animals","authors":"James Brown","doi":"10.47941/ahj.1523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47941/ahj.1523","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The main objective of this study was to investigate behavioural medicine interventions on the behaviour and mental health of companion animals. Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library. Findings: The findings revealed that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to behavioral medicine in companion animals. Preliminary empirical review revealed that it is important to consider the unique needs and circumstances of companion animals when designing and implementing behavioral medicine interventions. Factors such as the animal's history, environment, and the presence of underlying medical conditions must be carefully evaluated to tailor interventions effectively. Additionally, the role of human caregivers, including pet owners, trainers, and veterinary professionals, is paramount in the success of these interventions. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The Social Learning theory, Cognitive Behavioural theory and the Attachment theory may be used to anchor future studies on behavioral medicine in companion animals. The study recommended for promoting early and comprehensive behavioural assessment, increasing awareness and education for pet owners, expanding access to qualified behavioural professionals, incorporating evidence based approaches, fostering collaboration between veterinary and behavioural professions and emphasizing prevention and early intervention.","PeriodicalId":439098,"journal":{"name":"Animal Health Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139252935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The general objective of this study was to explore health management in livestock production in Sub Saharan countries. Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library. Findings: The findings revealed that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to health management in livestock production in Sub Saharan countries. Preliminary empirical review revealed that the health management of livestock in Sub-Saharan Africa is a complex and multifaceted endeavor, influenced by a range of factors including limited access to veterinary services, inadequate nutrition management, and the effectiveness of disease control measures. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The One Health theory, Theory of Planned Behaviour and the Diffusion of Innovations theory may be used to anchor future studies relating to livestock production. The study recommends for enhancing access to veterinary services, promoting knowledge, scaling up vaccination efforts, improving nutrition management, strengthening biosecurity measures, using gender sensitive approaches and investing in disease surveillance and rapid response.
{"title":"Health Management in Livestock Production in Sub Saharan Countries","authors":"Ebube Florence","doi":"10.47941/ahj.1521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47941/ahj.1521","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The general objective of this study was to explore health management in livestock production in Sub Saharan countries. Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library. Findings: The findings revealed that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to health management in livestock production in Sub Saharan countries. Preliminary empirical review revealed that the health management of livestock in Sub-Saharan Africa is a complex and multifaceted endeavor, influenced by a range of factors including limited access to veterinary services, inadequate nutrition management, and the effectiveness of disease control measures. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The One Health theory, Theory of Planned Behaviour and the Diffusion of Innovations theory may be used to anchor future studies relating to livestock production. The study recommends for enhancing access to veterinary services, promoting knowledge, scaling up vaccination efforts, improving nutrition management, strengthening biosecurity measures, using gender sensitive approaches and investing in disease surveillance and rapid response.","PeriodicalId":439098,"journal":{"name":"Animal Health Journal","volume":"12 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139254411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: This experiment was carried out to assess the rumen characteristics of West African dwarf sheep fed varying level of Panicum maximum supplemented with Gmelina arborea leaves. Methodology: Twenty (20) healthy West African Dwarf sheep with average weight of 10+0.55kg and were randomly allotted to five (5) diet with four (4) animals per treatment in a completely randomized design. The diets compared were A (100% Panicum maximum); B (75% Panicum maximum + 25% Gmelina arborea leaf); C (50% Panicum maximum + 50% Gmelina arborea leaf); D (25% Panicum maximum + 75% Gmelina arborea leaf); and E (100% Dried Gmelina arborea leaf). The diet samples were analyzed for chemical composition and anti-nutritive components. At the end of feeding trial, rumen liquor from the experimental animals were collected for rumen fermentation characteristics Data were collected on volatile fatty acids (VFAs) production rumen pH and ammonia nitrogen. .Findings: The results obtained showed that the chemical composition and the anti-nutrient content in the diets were significantly (P<0.05) different. Dry matter was highest in diet E (82.50%) and lowest in diet A (36.50%). The crude protein ranged between (9.75%) in diet A and (18.33%) in diet E. the Neutral detergent fibre, Acid detergent fibre and Acid detergent lignin was highest in diet B (63.30%), A (31.50%) and C (16.60%) respectively. the anti-nutrient content of the diet showed no any negative effect on the animals. The acetic acid (5.93%), propionic acid (5.65%), butyric acid (5.40%), valeric acid (5.37%), total volatile fatty acids (34.37mmol/liter), lactic acid (7.37%) and pH (8.25) of the rumen were significantly (p<0.05) higher in animals on diet B than those on diets A, C, D and E. Animals on diet D had the highest values in terms of rumen ammonia concentration (0.53mg/100ml) followed closely was diet C and E with the value (0.48mg/100ml). Uique contribution to theory, practice and policy: It can be concluded that feeding West African Dwarf (WAD) sheep with Panicum maximum supplemented with Gmelina arborea leaves offers potential results in supplying fermentable nutrients needed to enhance favourable rumen environment for effective microbial activities without any adverse effect on on the rumen parameters status of the animals.
目的:研究西非矮羊饲喂不同水平的大头草和小木犀叶对瘤胃的影响。方法:采用完全随机设计，选取20只平均体重为10+0.55kg的健康西非矮羊，随机分为5组，每组4只。所比较的饲粮为A(100%最大Panicum);B (75% Panicum maximum + 25% Gmelina arborea leaf);C (50% Panicum maximum + 50% Gmelina arborea leaf);D (25% Panicum maximum + 75% Gmelina arborea leaf);E(100%干小檗叶)。对日粮样品进行化学成分和抗营养成分分析。饲喂结束时，采集试验动物瘤胃液进行瘤胃发酵特性研究。收集试验动物瘤胃挥发性脂肪酸(VFAs)产量、瘤胃pH值和氨氮含量的数据。结果表明:两组饲粮的化学成分和抗营养成分含量差异显著(P<0.05)。干物质在饲粮E最高(82.50%)，在饲粮A最低(36.50%)。饲粮A的粗蛋白质含量在9.75% ~ 18.33%之间，中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤木质素在饲粮B(63.30%)、A(31.50%)和C(16.60%)中最高。饮食中的抗营养成分对动物没有任何负面影响。饲粮B组瘤胃乙酸(5.93%)、丙酸(5.65%)、丁酸(5.40%)、戊酸(5.37%)、总挥发性脂肪酸(34.37mmol/l)、乳酸(7.37%)和pH(8.25)显著高于饲粮A、C、D和E组(p<0.05)。饲粮D组瘤胃氨浓度最高(0.53mg/100ml)，其次为饲粮C和E组(0.48mg/100ml)。对理论、实践和政策的独特贡献:由此得出结论，在西非矮羊(WAD)中添加大头草和小木耳叶，可以在不影响动物瘤胃参数状态的情况下，提供良好的瘤胃环境所需的发酵营养物质，以促进微生物的有效活动。
{"title":"RUMEN PARAMETERS OF WEST AFRICAN DWARF SHEEP FED Panicum maximum SUPPLEMENTED WITH VARYING LEVELS OF Gmelina arborea LEAVES","authors":"R. Binuomote, N. Muftaudeen, C.A. Adekunle","doi":"10.47941/ahj.991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47941/ahj.991","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This experiment was carried out to assess the rumen characteristics of West African dwarf sheep fed varying level of Panicum maximum supplemented with Gmelina arborea leaves. \u0000Methodology: Twenty (20) healthy West African Dwarf sheep with average weight of 10+0.55kg and were randomly allotted to five (5) diet with four (4) animals per treatment in a completely randomized design. The diets compared were A (100% Panicum maximum); B (75% Panicum maximum + 25% Gmelina arborea leaf); C (50% Panicum maximum + 50% Gmelina arborea leaf); D (25% Panicum maximum + 75% Gmelina arborea leaf); and E (100% Dried Gmelina arborea leaf). The diet samples were analyzed for chemical composition and anti-nutritive components. At the end of feeding trial, rumen liquor from the experimental animals were collected for rumen fermentation characteristics Data were collected on volatile fatty acids (VFAs) production rumen pH and ammonia nitrogen. \u0000.Findings: The results obtained showed that the chemical composition and the anti-nutrient content in the diets were significantly (P<0.05) different. Dry matter was highest in diet E (82.50%) and lowest in diet A (36.50%). The crude protein ranged between (9.75%) in diet A and (18.33%) in diet E. the Neutral detergent fibre, Acid detergent fibre and Acid detergent lignin was highest in diet B (63.30%), A (31.50%) and C (16.60%) respectively. the anti-nutrient content of the diet showed no any negative effect on the animals. The acetic acid (5.93%), propionic acid (5.65%), butyric acid (5.40%), valeric acid (5.37%), total volatile fatty acids (34.37mmol/liter), lactic acid (7.37%) and pH (8.25) of the rumen were significantly (p<0.05) higher in animals on diet B than those on diets A, C, D and E. Animals on diet D had the highest values in terms of rumen ammonia concentration (0.53mg/100ml) followed closely was diet C and E with the value (0.48mg/100ml). \u0000Uique contribution to theory, practice and policy: It can be concluded that feeding West African Dwarf (WAD) sheep with Panicum maximum supplemented with Gmelina arborea leaves offers potential results in supplying fermentable nutrients needed to enhance favourable rumen environment for effective microbial activities without any adverse effect on on the rumen parameters status of the animals.","PeriodicalId":439098,"journal":{"name":"Animal Health Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116982704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: This study was aimed at investigating growth performance, carcass characteristics and cost of feed consumption of broilers fed with enzyme fortified diet containing high fibre content. Methodology: One hundred and forty-four broilers of 7 d old were randomly assigned into nine treatments (SN1 to SN9) with each treatment replicated twice at eight birds per replicate. The experimental design used was a 3 x 3 factorial arrangement involving three levels of enzyme supplementation of 0 g, 0.5 g and 0.8 g per kg diet and three levels of spent grain inclusion of 0%, 6% and 12% in starter’s diet and 0%, 7% and 12% in finisher’s diets. Findings: Results obtained proved that DFI, FW, WG, FCR and FC were affected (p < 0.05) in starter and finisher birds across treatments. Carcass traits (CW, TW, SW, WW, LW and HW) of finisher broilers were also affected (p < 0.05) in all treatments. Starter broilers fed SN3 diet had the best growth traits of the highest (p < 0.05) FW (1300.50 g) and WG (1149.58 g) value and the lowest (p < 0.05) DFI (73.03 g) and FCR (1.98) means. Finisher broilers fed SN3 diet expressed the highest (p < 0.05) FW (3221.54g), WG (1920.54 g) and DFI (177.23 g) means and the lowest (p < 0.05) FCR (2.71) value, while finisher broilers fed SN9 diet had lowest (p < 0.05) DFI value of 148.43 g. However, finisher broilers fed SN6 diet exhibited moderate growth performance and carcass yield at the lowest FC value of N362.50, while finisher broilers in treatment SN3 had the highest (p < 0.5) value of each carcass traits investigated. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: In conclusion, SN3 starter diet and SN6 finisher diet are therefore recommended to farmers because the diets showed better growth performance of broilers at low cost of feed consumption and SN6 diet showed good carcass traits of finisher broilers.
{"title":"GROWTH PERFORMANCE, CARCASS YIELD AND COST IMPLICATIONS OF BROILERS FED WITH SPENT GRAIN AND ENZYME SUPPLEMENTED DIETS","authors":"C. F. Elile, A. C. R., A. G. Ezekwe","doi":"10.47941/ahj.985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47941/ahj.985","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study was aimed at investigating growth performance, carcass characteristics and cost of feed consumption of broilers fed with enzyme fortified diet containing high fibre content. \u0000Methodology: One hundred and forty-four broilers of 7 d old were randomly assigned into nine treatments (SN1 to SN9) with each treatment replicated twice at eight birds per replicate. The experimental design used was a 3 x 3 factorial arrangement involving three levels of enzyme supplementation of 0 g, 0.5 g and 0.8 g per kg diet and three levels of spent grain inclusion of 0%, 6% and 12% in starter’s diet and 0%, 7% and 12% in finisher’s diets. \u0000Findings: Results obtained proved that DFI, FW, WG, FCR and FC were affected (p < 0.05) in starter and finisher birds across treatments. Carcass traits (CW, TW, SW, WW, LW and HW) of finisher broilers were also affected (p < 0.05) in all treatments. Starter broilers fed SN3 diet had the best growth traits of the highest (p < 0.05) FW (1300.50 g) and WG (1149.58 g) value and the lowest (p < 0.05) DFI (73.03 g) and FCR (1.98) means. Finisher broilers fed SN3 diet expressed the highest (p < 0.05) FW (3221.54g), WG (1920.54 g) and DFI (177.23 g) means and the lowest (p < 0.05) FCR (2.71) value, while finisher broilers fed SN9 diet had lowest (p < 0.05) DFI value of 148.43 g. However, finisher broilers fed SN6 diet exhibited moderate growth performance and carcass yield at the lowest FC value of N362.50, while finisher broilers in treatment SN3 had the highest (p < 0.5) value of each carcass traits investigated. \u0000Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: In conclusion, SN3 starter diet and SN6 finisher diet are therefore recommended to farmers because the diets showed better growth performance of broilers at low cost of feed consumption and SN6 diet showed good carcass traits of finisher broilers.","PeriodicalId":439098,"journal":{"name":"Animal Health Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132673015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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