Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-13DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2026.118671
Mei Du , Zecong Yu , Rongxin Lin , Mengfan Niu , Yue Gao , Lei Wang , Xianghao Zha , Maoyong Song , Guibin Jiang
Phenolic compounds (PCs) are significant environmental contaminants that pose a serious threat to human health and ecological systems. Developing rapid and accurate monitoring of residual PCs concentrations is essential for effective environmental monitoring. Nanozymes, which combine enzyme-mimicking catalytic activities with the unique physicochemical properties of nanomaterials, have gained significant attention in biosensing. However, a systematic review focused specifically on nanozyme-based biosensors for PCs detection remains lacking. This review systematically summarizes the types and catalytic mechanisms of nanozymes relevant to PCs detection and comprehensively discusses the design principles of biosensors for PCs contaminants. Furthermore, the role of nanozymes in signal transduction and amplification is thoroughly explored across both single and dual detection modalities. Afterwards, the latest nanozyme-integrated sensing platforms are also discussed. Finally, current challenges and future perspectives for intelligent nanozyme-based biosensors in environmental contaminants monitoring are outlined, aiming to promote broader application in related fields.
{"title":"Recent advances in nanozyme-based biosensors for detection of phenolic contaminants: strategies, trends, and challenges","authors":"Mei Du , Zecong Yu , Rongxin Lin , Mengfan Niu , Yue Gao , Lei Wang , Xianghao Zha , Maoyong Song , Guibin Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2026.118671","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2026.118671","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phenolic compounds (PCs) are significant environmental contaminants that pose a serious threat to human health and ecological systems. Developing rapid and accurate monitoring of residual PCs concentrations is essential for effective environmental monitoring. Nanozymes, which combine enzyme-mimicking catalytic activities with the unique physicochemical properties of nanomaterials, have gained significant attention in biosensing. However, a systematic review focused specifically on nanozyme-based biosensors for PCs detection remains lacking. This review systematically summarizes the types and catalytic mechanisms of nanozymes relevant to PCs detection and comprehensively discusses the design principles of biosensors for PCs contaminants. Furthermore, the role of nanozymes in signal transduction and amplification is thoroughly explored across both single and dual detection modalities. Afterwards, the latest nanozyme-integrated sensing platforms are also discussed. Finally, current challenges and future perspectives for intelligent nanozyme-based biosensors in environmental contaminants monitoring are outlined, aiming to promote broader application in related fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 118671"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146034668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-28DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2025.118634
Yili Wang , Chenxi Li , Hongli Yu , Hao Wang , Xiao-Dong Zhang
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating central nervous system disorder that disrupts the structural integrity of the spinal cord, causing motor, sensory, and autonomic dysfunction and often leading to permanent paralysis. Timely and accurate diagnosis is essential for individualized treatment planning and precise prognostic assessment. Recent advances in molecular diagnostics, particularly biomarker-based technologies, offer valuable insights into pathological processes and outcome prediction. Parallel progress in molecular therapeutics, including gene therapy, stem cell-based strategies, and biologic interventions, shows promise in limiting secondary damage, promoting neural repair, and reducing disability. This review highlights these advances and explores their translational potential, emphasizing the integration of precision diagnostics with targeted therapies to drive more effective and personalized SCI management.
{"title":"Molecular diagnosis and interventions for spinal cord injury","authors":"Yili Wang , Chenxi Li , Hongli Yu , Hao Wang , Xiao-Dong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118634","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118634","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating central nervous system disorder that disrupts the structural integrity of the spinal cord, causing motor, sensory, and autonomic dysfunction and often leading to permanent paralysis. Timely and accurate diagnosis is essential for individualized treatment planning and precise prognostic assessment. Recent advances in molecular diagnostics, particularly biomarker-based technologies, offer valuable insights into pathological processes and outcome prediction. Parallel progress in molecular therapeutics, including gene therapy, stem cell-based strategies, and biologic interventions, shows promise in limiting secondary damage, promoting neural repair, and reducing disability. This review highlights these advances and explores their translational potential, emphasizing the integration of precision diagnostics with targeted therapies to drive more effective and personalized SCI management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 118634"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145882562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-31DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2025.118638
Jiuying Cui , Xueqing Cheng , Xinyan Guo , Dandan Li , Ziqi Xu , Wanqiang Qian , Zhaoyin Wang , Zhihui Dai
Pathogenic microorganisms, including bacteria and viruses, remain major causes of infectious diseases and food-related illnesses. Traditional methods for pathogen detection are often constrained by lengthy processing times, cross-reactivity, and operational complexity. Electrochemical biosensors have emerged as a transformative approach, offering rapid, cost-effective, and highly accurate identification capabilities. In parallel, CRISPR/Cas systems, characterized by programmable nucleic acid recognition and nuclease activity, have demonstrated remarkable potential for pathogen detection, particularly when integrated with electrochemical biosensors. This review begins by classifying the biological targets of pathogens alongside their corresponding amplification strategies, and then examines the critical roles of CRISPR family members in target recognition and signal transduction. Furthermore, recent progress in CRISPR/Cas-based electrochemical platforms is highlighted, emphasizing improvements in sensitivity, specificity, and efficiency, aiming to inspire next-generation biosensors for advanced pathogen diagnostics.
{"title":"Recent advances in CRISPR/Cas-based electrochemical biosensors for pathogen detection","authors":"Jiuying Cui , Xueqing Cheng , Xinyan Guo , Dandan Li , Ziqi Xu , Wanqiang Qian , Zhaoyin Wang , Zhihui Dai","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118638","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118638","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pathogenic microorganisms, including bacteria and viruses, remain major causes of infectious diseases and food-related illnesses. Traditional methods for pathogen detection are often constrained by lengthy processing times, cross-reactivity, and operational complexity. Electrochemical biosensors have emerged as a transformative approach, offering rapid, cost-effective, and highly accurate identification capabilities. In parallel, CRISPR/Cas systems, characterized by programmable nucleic acid recognition and nuclease activity, have demonstrated remarkable potential for pathogen detection, particularly when integrated with electrochemical biosensors. This review begins by classifying the biological targets of pathogens alongside their corresponding amplification strategies, and then examines the critical roles of CRISPR family members in target recognition and signal transduction. Furthermore, recent progress in CRISPR/Cas-based electrochemical platforms is highlighted, emphasizing improvements in sensitivity, specificity, and efficiency, aiming to inspire next-generation biosensors for advanced pathogen diagnostics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 118638"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145882561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2025.118642
Chen Liu , Yongqi Cheng , Lehui Lu
Electrochemical technology has emerged as a highly promising approach for diverse advanced applications, including energy conversion, substance detection, chemical synthesis, and precision machining. Its recent application in molecular diagnosis is particularly significant, as it enables monitoring of molecular-level changes and provides dynamic feedback during biological processes. In neurological medicine, the primary role of electrochemical molecular diagnostics lies in recording in situ fluctuations of neurochemicals. Moreover, various electrochemical techniques and sensors serve as indispensable tools in molecular diagnostic workflows and have been increasingly applied to neurological applications. This review highlights the technical advances in electrochemical technologies for molecular diagnostics reported in the past five years. We further discuss the current limitations and future challenges associated with the clinical translation of electrochemical neural biosensors, with particular emphasis on their potential for rapid high-throughput screening of large-scale clinical samples and real-time in vivo detection.
{"title":"From laboratory development to clinical translation: Electrochemical sensing strategy for neural interfaces","authors":"Chen Liu , Yongqi Cheng , Lehui Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118642","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118642","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrochemical technology has emerged as a highly promising approach for diverse advanced applications, including energy conversion, substance detection, chemical synthesis, and precision machining. Its recent application in molecular diagnosis is particularly significant, as it enables monitoring of molecular-level changes and provides dynamic feedback during biological processes. In neurological medicine, the primary role of electrochemical molecular diagnostics lies in recording in situ fluctuations of neurochemicals. Moreover, various electrochemical techniques and sensors serve as indispensable tools in molecular diagnostic workflows and have been increasingly applied to neurological applications. This review highlights the technical advances in electrochemical technologies for molecular diagnostics reported in the past five years. We further discuss the current limitations and future challenges associated with the clinical translation of electrochemical neural biosensors, with particular emphasis on their potential for rapid high-throughput screening of large-scale clinical samples and real-time in vivo detection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 118642"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145882553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-22DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2026.118658
Yuhan Wang , Zijian Liu , Hen-Wei Huang , Jung Seung Lee , Kexin Liu , Mengru Yu , Xiaoyue Qi
{"title":"Corrigendum to towards clinical application: Emerging strategies for ultrasensitive and selective miRNA detection [TrAC Trends Anal. Chem. 195, (2026) 118593]","authors":"Yuhan Wang , Zijian Liu , Hen-Wei Huang , Jung Seung Lee , Kexin Liu , Mengru Yu , Xiaoyue Qi","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2026.118658","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2026.118658","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 118658"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146184948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-20DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2026.118687
Ceren Karaman , Mustafa Aydemir , Onur Karaman
Stress hormones including cortisol and catecholamines (epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine) play cruical roles in regulating physiological responses to emotional, physical, and metabolic challenges. Their dynamic secretion patterns characterized by pulsatility, diurnal variation, and rapid concentration changes make timely monitoring essential for accurate assessment of stress-related conditions including adrenal disorders, mental health imbalances, cardiovascular dysfunction, and performance stress in athletes. Conventional diagnostic techniques, while precise, rely on invasive sampling, centralized laboratory infrastructure, and delayed feedback, limiting their utility for point-of-care (PoC) applications. Recent research has shown that electrochemical biosensors can meet the practical requirements of stress hormone analysis, offering both high sensitivity and adaptability for integration into wearable formats using sweat, saliva, or interstitial fluid as sample media. This review critically examines the current landscape of electrochemical biosensor technologies tailored for stress hormone detection, with a focus on sensor architecture, biorecognition strategies, signal amplification techniques, and the role of functional nanomaterials. Emphasis is placed on the integration of these sensors into wearable and PoC platforms, enabling rapid or near-continuous monitoring and supporting remote health assessment. Furthermore, key clinical applications, existing limitations, and the translational potential of these technologies within personalized and digital endocrinology are discussed. While several emerging wearable and microfluidic electrochemical systems demonstrate fast or semi-continuous operation, the majority of reported cortisol and catecholamine biosensors remain single-use or endpoint devices. Accordingly, this review highlights advances that enable rapid, on-demand electrochemical monitoring while outlining future directions toward fully continuous stress sensing.
{"title":"Wired for stress: Advances in electrochemical biosensors for monitoring of cortisol and catecholamines via wearable and point-of-care platforms","authors":"Ceren Karaman , Mustafa Aydemir , Onur Karaman","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2026.118687","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2026.118687","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stress hormones including cortisol and catecholamines (epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine) play cruical roles in regulating physiological responses to emotional, physical, and metabolic challenges. Their dynamic secretion patterns characterized by pulsatility, diurnal variation, and rapid concentration changes make timely monitoring essential for accurate assessment of stress-related conditions including adrenal disorders, mental health imbalances, cardiovascular dysfunction, and performance stress in athletes. Conventional diagnostic techniques, while precise, rely on invasive sampling, centralized laboratory infrastructure, and delayed feedback, limiting their utility for point-of-care (PoC) applications. Recent research has shown that electrochemical biosensors can meet the practical requirements of stress hormone analysis, offering both high sensitivity and adaptability for integration into wearable formats using sweat, saliva, or interstitial fluid as sample media. This review critically examines the current landscape of electrochemical biosensor technologies tailored for stress hormone detection, with a focus on sensor architecture, biorecognition strategies, signal amplification techniques, and the role of functional nanomaterials. Emphasis is placed on the integration of these sensors into wearable and PoC platforms, enabling rapid or near-continuous monitoring and supporting remote health assessment. Furthermore, key clinical applications, existing limitations, and the translational potential of these technologies within personalized and digital endocrinology are discussed. While several emerging wearable and microfluidic electrochemical systems demonstrate fast or semi-continuous operation, the majority of reported cortisol and catecholamine biosensors remain single-use or endpoint devices. Accordingly, this review highlights advances that enable rapid, on-demand electrochemical monitoring while outlining future directions toward fully continuous stress sensing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 118687"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146034588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-31DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2025.118639
Guolong Zhao , Jinze Li , Sinan Fu , Aoao Wang , Xiangdan Meng , Haifeng Dong , Xueji Zhang
CRISPR systems, originally developed as gene-editing tools, have received considerable attention as powerful platforms for nucleic acids analysis, showing high sensitivity, remarkable specificity, and flexible programmability. In this review, we summarize the latest advances in development of CRISPR-based analysis platforms for nucleic acid detection and disease diagnosis. Initially, the mechanisms of various Cas enzymes are discussed in detail, as well as highlights of the crRNA design principles, which define target specificity and discrimination capacity. Then, versatile CRISPR-based sensing systems combining with different signal output modalities including optical/electrochemical transduction and smartphone-based readouts are presented. Afterwards, we study the adaptation of CRISPR-based detection strategies to different biological environments, including intracellular/in vivo delivery approaches, and in vitro platforms applied to diverse body fluids and clinical samples. Finally, current bottlenecks of CRISPR in quantification, multiplexing and robustness are outlined, and future strategies by integrating CRISPR with microfluidics, artificial intelligence, and hybrid systems are discussed.
{"title":"CRISPR-based versatile strategies for nucleic acid analysis and disease diagnosis: Mechanisms, modalities, and translational horizons","authors":"Guolong Zhao , Jinze Li , Sinan Fu , Aoao Wang , Xiangdan Meng , Haifeng Dong , Xueji Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118639","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118639","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>CRISPR systems, originally developed as gene-editing tools, have received considerable attention as powerful platforms for nucleic acids analysis, showing high sensitivity, remarkable specificity, and flexible programmability. In this review, we summarize the latest advances in development of CRISPR-based analysis platforms for nucleic acid detection and disease diagnosis. Initially, the mechanisms of various Cas enzymes are discussed in detail, as well as highlights of the crRNA design principles, which define target specificity and discrimination capacity. Then, versatile CRISPR-based sensing systems combining with different signal output modalities including optical/electrochemical transduction and smartphone-based readouts are presented. Afterwards, we study the adaptation of CRISPR-based detection strategies to different biological environments, including intracellular/<em>in vivo</em> delivery approaches, and <em>in vitro</em> platforms applied to diverse body fluids and clinical samples. Finally, current bottlenecks of CRISPR in quantification, multiplexing and robustness are outlined, and future strategies by integrating CRISPR with microfluidics, artificial intelligence, and hybrid systems are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 118639"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145922589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-05DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2026.118647
Eui Young Rho , Jieun Kang , Taeyeon Kim , Minah Seo
The terahertz electromagnetic wave band has recently attracted more attention, is a highly anticipated technology, expected to play an important role in communication, healthcare, environment, and security. With its low photon-energy characteristics, the application of terahertz, which can non-destructively inspect the physical and optical properties of materials. From this point of view, the key is to ensure the free control and versatility of devices operating in this band. To do this, many recent research introduced modulation of the physical properties of materials or combine appropriate structures. We will examine in detail the studies that regulate the physical properties of the material itself by external stimuli such as optical, electrical, or thermal excitation, and the fundamental governing mechanisms by which optical constants can be controlled. This review highlights the potential of the terahertz devices for high-sensitivity sensing technology and its future applications in various fields, along with the challenges of the latest technology.
{"title":"Active terahertz modulation via functional materials: Recent advances and applications","authors":"Eui Young Rho , Jieun Kang , Taeyeon Kim , Minah Seo","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2026.118647","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2026.118647","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The terahertz electromagnetic wave band has recently attracted more attention, is a highly anticipated technology, expected to play an important role in communication, healthcare, environment, and security. With its low photon-energy characteristics, the application of terahertz, which can non-destructively inspect the physical and optical properties of materials. From this point of view, the key is to ensure the free control and versatility of devices operating in this band. To do this, many recent research introduced modulation of the physical properties of materials or combine appropriate structures. We will examine in detail the studies that regulate the physical properties of the material itself by external stimuli such as optical, electrical, or thermal excitation, and the fundamental governing mechanisms by which optical constants can be controlled. This review highlights the potential of the terahertz devices for high-sensitivity sensing technology and its future applications in various fields, along with the challenges of the latest technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 118647"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145922591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-31DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2025.118633
Xiaowen Ou , Qize Zhou , Mudong Wu , Zeyu Miao , Yufei Zhang , Zuyi Li , Ying Zhang , Yiwei Li , Peng Chen , Bi-Feng Liu
The growing global burden of chronic diseases, persistent threats of infectious outbreaks, and the critical interconnections between human and environmental health under the One-Health paradigm create an urgent need for accessible, decentralized diagnostic solutions. This has catalyzed a paradigm shift from centralized laboratory testing to decentralized, home-based diagnostic systems. Microfluidic technology is at the forefront of this transformation, enabling miniaturized, automated, and highly efficient laboratory analyses. This review examines the evolution of microfluidic platforms compatible with home-based setting from instrument-dependent devices to fully instrument-free systems and their applications in immunoassays, molecular diagnostics, microbial detection, small molecule sensing, and hematological analysis. A key focus is placed on the role of converging technologies: artificial intelligence (AI) improves diagnostic accuracy through intelligent data interpretation and reduces user-dependent errors, while advanced wearable materials enable non-invasive, continuous biomarker monitoring in biofluids such as sweat, interstitial fluid, and breath. By addressing real-world challenges and integration pathways, this work aims to provide a problem-driven, engineering-informed, and translational perspective tailored to multi-disease and multi-scenario applications in decentralized healthcare.
{"title":"Smart microfluidics-powered home-based diagnostics for one-health: From technologies to applications","authors":"Xiaowen Ou , Qize Zhou , Mudong Wu , Zeyu Miao , Yufei Zhang , Zuyi Li , Ying Zhang , Yiwei Li , Peng Chen , Bi-Feng Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118633","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118633","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing global burden of chronic diseases, persistent threats of infectious outbreaks, and the critical interconnections between human and environmental health under the One-Health paradigm create an urgent need for accessible, decentralized diagnostic solutions. This has catalyzed a paradigm shift from centralized laboratory testing to decentralized, home-based diagnostic systems. Microfluidic technology is at the forefront of this transformation, enabling miniaturized, automated, and highly efficient laboratory analyses. This review examines the evolution of microfluidic platforms compatible with home-based setting from instrument-dependent devices to fully instrument-free systems and their applications in immunoassays, molecular diagnostics, microbial detection, small molecule sensing, and hematological analysis. A key focus is placed on the role of converging technologies: artificial intelligence (AI) improves diagnostic accuracy through intelligent data interpretation and reduces user-dependent errors, while advanced wearable materials enable non-invasive, continuous biomarker monitoring in biofluids such as sweat, interstitial fluid, and breath. By addressing real-world challenges and integration pathways, this work aims to provide a problem-driven, engineering-informed, and translational perspective tailored to multi-disease and multi-scenario applications in decentralized healthcare.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 118633"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145882560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-19DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2026.118683
Yujia Wang , Chao Han , Qiang Ma , Xuesong Feng
The pervasive occurrence of organic contaminants in food and environmental samples poses serious threats to public health and ecological security, highlighting the urgent need for rapid, on-site detection methods. In recent years, the integration of ambient ionization with miniature mass spectrometry (MS) has emerged as a powerful analytical strategy. Ambient ionization enables direct desorption and ionization of analytes from complex matrices under atmospheric pressure with minimal pretreatment, while miniature MS offers portability, rapid response, and high sensitivity—together making on-site analysis feasible. This review systematically outlines recent advances in this integration, with an emphasis on the core components of miniature mass spectrometers and interface designs. Representative ambient ionization techniques—such as desorption electrospray ionization, low-temperature plasma, paper spray ionization, extraction nanoelectrospray ionization, and thermal desorption–electrospray ionization—are described alongside their coupling strategies with miniature MS. Furthermore, the review highlights applications in food safety and environmental monitoring, demonstrating the capability of this technology for rapid, on-site, and multi-analyte detection. Finally, current challenges and future research directions are discussed, underscoring the potential of this integrated approach to enhance real-time contamination monitoring and support decision-making in public health and environmental protection.
{"title":"Integration of ambient ionization with miniature mass spectrometry for the analysis of organic contaminants in food and environmental samples","authors":"Yujia Wang , Chao Han , Qiang Ma , Xuesong Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2026.118683","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2026.118683","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The pervasive occurrence of organic contaminants in food and environmental samples poses serious threats to public health and ecological security, highlighting the urgent need for rapid, on-site detection methods. In recent years, the integration of ambient ionization with miniature mass spectrometry (MS) has emerged as a powerful analytical strategy. Ambient ionization enables direct desorption and ionization of analytes from complex matrices under atmospheric pressure with minimal pretreatment, while miniature MS offers portability, rapid response, and high sensitivity—together making on-site analysis feasible. This review systematically outlines recent advances in this integration, with an emphasis on the core components of miniature mass spectrometers and interface designs. Representative ambient ionization techniques—such as desorption electrospray ionization, low-temperature plasma, paper spray ionization, extraction nanoelectrospray ionization, and thermal desorption–electrospray ionization—are described alongside their coupling strategies with miniature MS. Furthermore, the review highlights applications in food safety and environmental monitoring, demonstrating the capability of this technology for rapid, on-site, and multi-analyte detection. Finally, current challenges and future research directions are discussed, underscoring the potential of this integrated approach to enhance real-time contamination monitoring and support decision-making in public health and environmental protection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 118683"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146074247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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