Infection Genetics and Evolution最新文献

{"title":"Natural syndemic infection between African swine fever virus (ASFV) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) leads to shifting of ASFV tissue tropism to lungs with exacerbated presentation of the disease","authors":"Charitha B. Balakrishna ,&nbsp;Tridib Kumar Rajkhowa ,&nbsp;Kiran Jayappa ,&nbsp;Guillermo R. Risatti","doi":"10.1016/j.meegid.2025.105872","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meegid.2025.105872","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>African swine fever (ASF) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) are two of the most devastating and economically important transboundary diseases of pig. The current epidemic-to-pandemic situation of ASF and the unavailability of broadly effective vaccine against PRRS raise the possibility of these highly pathogenic viruses circulating simultaneously in the same pig population. This study is reporting natural occurrence of syndemic infections of ASF and PRRS in pig population of Mizoram, India. The syndemic infections resulted in high mortality in the affected crossbred pigs, while the indigenous Zovawk pigs revealed some degree of tolerance. The symbiosis between the two viruses resulted in extensive tissue damage in wider range of body systems with multiple organ failure leading to more severe acute disease. The absolute quantification of both the viruses in various organs revealed distinct tissue tropism and suggested shifting of ASFV tissue tropism towards lungs tissues in the naturally occurring syndemic infection of PRRSV and ASFV. The phylogenetic analysis based on the <em>B646L</em> gene of ASFV and the <em>ORF7</em> gene of PRRSV identified the circulating strains in genotype II ASFV and lineage 8 of PRRSV 2. Our findings underscore the complexity of co-infections in natural cases and emphasize the importance of integrated diagnostics and targeted disease management strategies for the swine population to combat this emerging situation<strong>.</strong></div></div>","PeriodicalId":54986,"journal":{"name":"Infection Genetics and Evolution","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 105872"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145890389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In silico profiling of the plasmodium knowlesi 32 kDa antigen: Diversity, epitope prediction, and structural modeling","authors":"Ahmed Saif ,&nbsp;Pratisthita Baruah ,&nbsp;Jawahir Marzouq Alghamdi ,&nbsp;Rudraangsh Acharyya ,&nbsp;Yee Ling Lau ,&nbsp;Jin-Hee Han ,&nbsp;Md Atique Ahmed","doi":"10.1016/j.meegid.2025.105871","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meegid.2025.105871","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The emergence of <em>Plasmodium knowlesi</em> malaria in Southeast Asia, particularly Malaysia, necessitates effective interventions. However, high polymorphism often limits the utility of key merozoite surface proteins (MSPs) as viable vaccine candidates<em>. Pk32</em>, a predicted glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein in <em>P. knowlesi</em>, shares homology with the relatively conserved <em>Plasmodium vivax</em> Pv32, suggesting it may be a promising vaccine candidate. We analyzed the genetic diversity, polymorphism, and signatures of natural selection and 3-D structure using 39 full-length <em>Pk32</em> sequences, primarily from Malaysian Borneo. Sequence analysis showed low nucleotide diversity (π = 0.0061) and limited polymorphism. Phylogenetic analysis indicated no geographical clustering. Natural selection tests; codon-based <em>Z</em>-test, tajima's D, codon-based site-by-site analysis (FEL, MEME, FUBAR, SLAC) provided strong evidence of purifying selection acting on <em>Pk32</em>, suggesting functional constraint alongside population expansion. In silico B-cell epitope prediction identified three common epitomes. Crucially, two epitopes (145PKERES150 and 167DIGKKQNS174) were conserved in all sequences. Mapping these conserved epitopes onto the predicted and refined 3D structure of <em>Pk32</em> highlights specific stable targets. The observed combination of limited genetic variation and the presence of stable, conserved B-cell epitopes strongly suggests that <em>Pk32</em> is a compelling candidate for inclusion in a blood-stage vaccine against <em>P. knowlesi</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54986,"journal":{"name":"Infection Genetics and Evolution","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 105871"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145893154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A U.S.-linked HSV-2 clinical isolate from China reveals global transmission and informs region-specific vaccine design","authors":"Jiaxin Xie ,&nbsp;Di Lin ,&nbsp;Kai Yang ,&nbsp;Zhidan Zhang ,&nbsp;Jixiong Li ,&nbsp;Ying Qian ,&nbsp;Kaiyun Ding ,&nbsp;Jingwen Xu ,&nbsp;Yan Du ,&nbsp;Jiandong Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.meegid.2026.105890","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meegid.2026.105890","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The persistent global burden of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) requires region-specific therapeutic strategies, yet the limited number of characterized clinical isolates from China has hindered accurate evaluation of local viral evolution and vaccine efficacy. To address this gap, we isolated and comprehensively characterized HSV-2/KM-1, a novel clinical strain obtained from a genital herpes patient in Kunming, China. Whole-genome sequencing showed 99.92% nucleotide identity with contemporary U.S. strains (MH790606, PP099973), which was markedly higher than its homology to China's reference strain HJ12 (128 amino acid differences). This unexpected phylogeographic similarity challenges existing models of geographically restricted HSV-2 evolution and suggests global viral gene flow facilitated by human mobility. Cell tropism analyses revealed accelerated replication in human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF-1), with early viral protein expression at 12 hpi, and high-titer production (7.0 log10 TCID₅₀/mL) in Vero cells at a low MOI (0.001). Comparative genomics identified 27 amino acid substitutions in virulence determinants (ICP4, UL52, UL36, etc.) compared with the U.S strain (PP099973), 14 of which altered residue polarity, potentially influencing viral-host interactions, as suggested by previous studies on these proteins' roles. As a phylogenetically U.S.-linked clinical isolate from China, HSV-2/KM-1 helps to fill a gap in regional pathogen resources and provides a critical tool for assessing globally circulating strains and developing targeted interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54986,"journal":{"name":"Infection Genetics and Evolution","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 105890"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146097516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of azithromycin resistance in pediatric Haemophilus influenzae isolates in Wuhan (2015–2024): Temporal associations with the COVID-19 period and the 2023–2024 Mycoplasma pneumoniae resurgence","authors":"Xing Zhang ,&nbsp;HongYan Chen ,&nbsp;Jing Xiong","doi":"10.1016/j.meegid.2026.105887","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meegid.2026.105887","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To investigate the 10-year dynamics of azithromycin resistance in <em>Haemophilus influenzae</em> isolates from pediatric inpatients in Wuhan, and to assess the temporal association with major public health events, including COVID-19 containment and the 2023 <em>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</em> epidemic.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 815 non-duplicate <em>H. influenzae</em> isolates were collected from pediatric inpatients with respiratory tract infections (2015–2024). Azithromycin susceptibility was determined by CLSI-recommended disk diffusion. Annual resistance rates, mean inhibition zone diameters, and isolate volumes were analyzed. Statistical methods included the Jonckheere–Terpstra trend test, χ² tests, linear regression, and segmented regression with pre-specified calendar breakpoints at 2020 and 2022; an exploratory Spearman correlation with annual MRMP positivity (2018–2024) was also performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The azithromycin resistance rate increased significantly from 20.0% in 2015 to 61.7% in 2024 (Z = −6.837, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). From 2020 to 2024, susceptibility declined sharply from 69.7% to 38.3%, averaging a 7.85% annual decrease. A transient, non-significant improvement in susceptibility was observed in 2020 (<em>P</em> = 0.518), temporally coincident with the initial COVID-19 containment period. In 2023, susceptibility dropped by 20.57% (<em>P</em> = 0.004), the largest single-year decline, with resistance surpassing 40% for the first time. This resistance surge paralleled a 57.7% increase in isolate volume and a city-wide MRMP epidemic with high macrolide resistance reported. Mean inhibition zone diameter strongly correlated with susceptibility (R² = 0.90, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), decreasing to 11.91 mm in 2024, near the CLSI resistance breakpoint. In segmented regression with pre-specified breakpoints at 2020 and 2022, we observed a non-significant level drop at 2020 (−0.484 log-odds; <em>p</em> = 0.270) and a non-significant post-2022 slope increase (Δslope +0.777 log-odds/year; <em>p</em> = 0.126). In a complementary three-phase model, the 2023–2024 slope was significant (+1.065 log-odds/year; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Early-2020 COVID-19–related containment may have coincided with a temporary slowdown in azithromycin resistance, whereas the 2023 MRMP epidemic was associated with a marked surge—consistent with a level drop at 2020 and a non-significant post-2022 slope increase in segmented regression. Inhibition zone diameter appears to provide an early phenotypic warning of resistance shifts. These findings support reassessing empirical treatment choices and strengthening regional resistance surveillance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54986,"journal":{"name":"Infection Genetics and Evolution","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 105887"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146025090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolutionary dynamics of new lineages GII.4 noroviruses circulating in the amazon region","authors":"Jonaia Novaes da Costa ,&nbsp;Jones Anderson Monteiro Siqueira ,&nbsp;Dielle Monteiro Teixeira ,&nbsp;Patrícia dos Santos Lobo ,&nbsp;Sylvia de Fátima dos Santos Guerra ,&nbsp;Isadora Monteiro Souza ,&nbsp;Bruna Trindade Moreira Cardoso ,&nbsp;Luana Silva Soares Farias ,&nbsp;Hugo Reis Resque ,&nbsp;Yvone Benchimol Gabbay ,&nbsp;Arnaldo Jorge Martins Filho ,&nbsp;Luciana Damascena da Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.meegid.2025.105876","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meegid.2025.105876","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the evolutionary dynamics of norovirus GII.4 lineages circulating in the Amazon region of Brazil, with a particular focus on the recently emerged GII.4 San Francisco variant. A molecular descriptive design was employed, analyzing 615 stool samples from gastroenteritis patients collected between November 2023 and December 2024. Norovirus prevalence was 14.5%, with genotype characterization revealing a diverse array of circulating genotypes: GII·P31/GII.4, GII·P17/GII.17, GII·P16/GII.4, GII·P8/GII.8, GII·P7/GII.6, GII·P16/GII.10, and GII·P7/GII.7. Phylogenetic reconstruction and molecular clock analyses, performed using Bayesian inference in BEAST, demonstrated that Brazilian GII.4 strains are closely related to global lineages and highlighted rapid viral evolution, with a substitution rate of 2.28 × 10⁻⁴ substitutions/site/year. The GII.4 San Francisco variant, likely derived from the GII·P16/GII.4- Sydney_2012, was detected for the first time in Brazil, and a key recombination event was identified between the GII·P16 type and the GII.10 genotype. The research underscores substantial genetic diversity and ongoing evolution of norovirus in this region, emphasizing the necessity for continuous genomic surveillance to detect emerging variants and guide public health initiatives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54986,"journal":{"name":"Infection Genetics and Evolution","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 105876"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145994226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct transmission of SFTSV from dogs to humans: Molecular confirmation and risk assessment","authors":"Zhifeng Li ,&nbsp;Shuyi Liang ,&nbsp;Hao Jiang ,&nbsp;Yin Wang ,&nbsp;Liguo Zhu ,&nbsp;Changjun Bao","doi":"10.1016/j.meegid.2026.105882","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meegid.2026.105882","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate the potential for dog-to-human transmission of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus (SFTSV) and characterize viral shedding patterns in naturally infected dogs.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted genomic analysis of SFTSV strains isolated from an infected dog and its owner using whole-genome sequencing. Viral loads were quantified in canine saliva, urine, and stool samples via qRT-PCR during the acute infection phase.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Genomic sequencing revealed 100% identity between viral strains from the dog and owner. The dog exhibited exceptionally high viral loads, particularly in bloody stools (2.2 × 10⁷ copies/mL) and saliva (2.3 × 10⁵ copies/mL), with persistent shedding observed throughout the clinical course. The owner developed SFTSV infection 14 days after the dog's symptom onset.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study provides the first molecular confirmation of direct SFTSV transmission from dogs to humans, identifying bloody stools and saliva as high-risk transmission sources. These findings underscore the importance of including dogs in SFTSV surveillance systems and implementing protective measures when handling sick pets in endemic areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54986,"journal":{"name":"Infection Genetics and Evolution","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 105882"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146047461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"cagA-positive Helicobacter pylori and human NOS2-954G/C polymorphism: A possible association with severe clinical outcomes in Iranian patients","authors":"Tayebeh Rezaeian ,&nbsp;Roghayeh Mohammadzadeh ,&nbsp;Shadi Akbari ,&nbsp;Ali Beheshti Namdar ,&nbsp;Bita Baghaee ,&nbsp;Ayat Ahmadi ,&nbsp;Hadi Farsiani","doi":"10.1016/j.meegid.2026.105891","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meegid.2026.105891","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Helicobacter pylori</em> infects more than 50% of the global population. The diversity and severity of clinical outcomes are attributed to the complex interaction among pathogen, host, and environmental factors. This study investigated the association between <em>H. pylori</em> virulence genes (<em>cagA</em>, <em>vacA</em>, and <em>dupA</em>) and human host <em>NOS2</em>-954G/C polymorphism with clinical outcomes in <em>H. pylori</em>-infected Iranian patients.</div><div>Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed on 193<em>H. pylori</em> culture-positive biopsy samples to determine the presence of <em>cagA</em>, <em>vacA</em>, and <em>dupA</em> genotypes. The <em>NOS2</em>-954G/C polymorphism were assessed using PCR–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) on blood samples collected from 98 patients. The <em>cagA</em> and <em>dupA</em> genes were detected in 71.5% and 69.9% of isolates, respectively, and were more frequently found in strains derived from patients with peptic ulcer disease (PUD). The distribution of <em>vacA</em> polymorphisms was as follows: <em>s1</em>/<em>s2</em> (82.9% / 17.1%), <em>m1</em>/<em>m2</em> (44.6% / 55.4%), and <em>i1</em>/<em>i2</em> (52.3% / 47.7%). Analysis of <em>NOS2</em>-954G/C polymorphism revealed the following genotypes: G/G (13.3%), G/C (81.6%), and C/C (5.1%). Notably, all 16 isolates obtained from gastric cancer (GC) patients exhibited the G/C genotype. Our findings suggest a borderline association between <em>cagA</em>-positive <em>H. pylori</em> isolates and disease severity, particularly PUD (<em>p</em> = 0.045), whereas a stronger and statistically significant association was observed for the human <em>NOS2</em> − 954G/C polymorphism (<em>p</em> = 0.003). These results should be interpreted with caution, especially for outcomes with limited sample size.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54986,"journal":{"name":"Infection Genetics and Evolution","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 105891"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146121057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequent HIV-1 recombination among MSM in Beijing revealed by subtyping and near full-length genome analyses","authors":"Mengying Li ,&nbsp;Fengting Yu ,&nbsp;Mingfeng Xiao ,&nbsp;Fang Wang ,&nbsp;Hanxi Zhang ,&nbsp;Ruolei Xin ,&nbsp;Fujie Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.meegid.2026.105885","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meegid.2026.105885","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The high mutation and recombination rates of HIV-1 drive extensive genetic diversity. Co-infection with different subtypes or recombinant forms facilitates the emergence of new recombinants, complicating transmission networks and posing challenges for molecular surveillance. Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) coverage is high among diagnosed individuals in China, ongoing HIV-1 transmission—including from undiagnosed infections—likely contributes to the continued circulation and accumulation of recombinant lineages. We retrospectively analyzed 1006 plasma samples from 993 individuals diagnosed with HIV-1 at Beijing Ditan Hospital between January 2022 and August 2023. Subtyping of the <em>pol</em> region was conducted using seven tools. For seven cases with discordant results, near full-length genome (NFLG) sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were performed. The study cohort included a significantly higher proportion of male infected individuals (<em>n</em> = 932, 93.86%) than female (<em>n</em> = 57, 5.74%), with a higher proportion of homosexual transmission (<em>n</em> = 570, 57.40%) compared to heterosexual transmission (<em>n</em> = 168, 16.92%). The most prevalent genotypes were CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC, accounting for 23.76% (239/1006) and 11.03% (111/1006), respectively. Among seven NFLG-analyzed samples, four were identified as second-generation URFs composed of CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC, and three as CRF121_0107. Bayesian analysis provided a broad temporal context for the emergence of CRF121_0107. Single-genome amplification did not identify the pre-recombination parental strains in the four URF samples. The URF detection rate was 0.4% (4/1006), which may be underestimated due to limitations of partial-genome genotyping. Together, these findings highlight the importance of continued molecular surveillance to monitor novel recombinants and inform HIV-1 prevention and treatment strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54986,"journal":{"name":"Infection Genetics and Evolution","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 105885"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146031587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Different roads to the brain: A brief overview of divergent pathways and convergent mechanisms in amoebic neuroinvasion","authors":"Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui ,&nbsp;Sutherland K. Maciver ,&nbsp;Naveed Ahmed Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.meegid.2026.105888","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meegid.2026.105888","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Free-living amoebae such as <em>Acanthamoeba</em> spp., <em>Balamuthia mandrillaris</em>, and <em>Naegleria fowleri</em> are opportunistic protists capable of causing devastating infections of the central nervous system. Although these organisms differ in ecology, morphology, and clinical progression, they converge on shared strategies that enable adhesion, immune evasion, and neuroinvasion. Here, we briefly present a comparative analysis of their routes of entry, molecular determinants, and neuropathogenic mechanisms with an eye to understand parallel and divergent pathways. A complete understanding of shared and distinct mechanisms can inform translational advances, including organoid-based modelling, multi-omics biomarker discovery, and therapeutic targeting of conserved host-pathogen signalling pathways.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54986,"journal":{"name":"Infection Genetics and Evolution","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 105888"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146044451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploiting collateral sensitivity to combat antimicrobial resistance: Mechanisms and opportunities","authors":"Qi Jiang ,&nbsp;Qi Li ,&nbsp;Caihong Wu ,&nbsp;Zihan Chen ,&nbsp;Wei Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.meegid.2026.105893","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meegid.2026.105893","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Collateral sensitivity (CS) was first described by Szybalski and Bryson in 1952. It refers to the phenomenon where bacteria become more susceptible to one antibiotic when they develop resistance to another. Given the global rise of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and advancements in next-generation sequencing and high-throughput experimental techniques, researchers aim to leverage CS to mitigate or even reverse the spread of AMR by elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying CS. This paper reviews recent progress in CS research, focusing on laboratory methods, resistance mechanisms leading to CS, and the molecular characterization of CS across different bacterial species. Unlike previous overviews, this article synthesizes the intersection of experimental methodologies and molecular mechanisms to provide a cohesive framework for translating CS from evolutionary principles to clinical application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54986,"journal":{"name":"Infection Genetics and Evolution","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 105893"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146121083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}