Experimental Mechanics最新文献

{"title":"On the Hyperelastic Behavior of the Boar Diaphragmatic Tendon Membrane by Inflation Tests and Modeling","authors":"R. A. R. E. Anwar,&nbsp;J. Vasquez-Villegas,&nbsp;S. Le Floc’h,&nbsp;P. Royer,&nbsp;N. Bahlouli,&nbsp;C. Wagner-Kocher","doi":"10.1007/s11340-026-01300-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11340-026-01300-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Despite the large variety of materials used to repair congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), none has proven ideal due to complications and risk of recurrence. Understanding the mechanical behavior of the diaphragm’s central tendon is essential for developing biomimetic prostheses. </p><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study aims to characterize the hyperelastic behavior of the porcine diaphragmatic tendon under biaxial loading conditions.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Biaxial hyperelastic response of the porcine diaphragmatic central tendon was characterized using bulge inflation tests combined with full-field stereo digital image correlation (3D-DIC). Principal stretches were extracted from the reconstructed three-dimensional geometry using a spherical-cap approximation, with corrections for clamping-induced pre-deformation. Several incompressible isotropic hyperelastic models (Neo-Hookean, Mooney–Rivlin, Yeoh and Fung) were first evaluated as phenomenological baselines. To account for the anisotropic mechanical signature of the tendon, a transversely isotropic hyperelastic formulation of the Humphrey-Yin type was implemented. This model represents an effective anisotropic response associated with the lamellar and collagen-rich structure of the tissue through its thickness, while assuming isotropy within the membrane plane.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The diaphragm tissue exhibited an exponential mechanical response. Neo-Hookean and Mooney-Rivlin models failed to capture the observed behavior, while the Yeoh model slightly overestimated nonlinearity. The Fung model provided the closest fit to the nonlinear pressure–stretch response, yet failed to reproduce the directional differences observed between meridional and circumferential stretches. The Humphrey-Yin model provided a markedly improved description of the experimental data over the full inflation range. Parameter identification revealed that the transversely isotropic contribution dominated the strain-energy response, highlighting the limitations of isotropic constitutive laws for modeling diaphragmatic tendon mechanics, even under macroscopically axisymmetric inflation. Despite specimen-to-specimen variability, no significant differences were observed between left and right diaphragm samples.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Overall, this work demonstrates that effective anisotropic hyperelastic formulations are required to describe the biaxial mechanical behavior of the diaphragmatic central tendon under inflation loading. The proposed experimental–numerical framework provides a robust basis for biomechanical modeling and constitutes a first step toward the development of biomimetic prosthetic materials for diaphragmatic repair.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":552,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Mechanics","volume":"66 6","pages":"929 - 946"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148292295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discovery of Hyperelastic Constitutive Laws from Experimental Data with EUCLID","authors":"A. Abbasi,&nbsp;M. Ricci,&nbsp;P. Carrara,&nbsp;M. Flaschel,&nbsp;S. Kumar,&nbsp;S. Marfia,&nbsp;L. De Lorenzis","doi":"10.1007/s11340-026-01290-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11340-026-01290-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Determining accurate constitutive laws from experimental data remains a key challenge in mechanics, particularly when the material behavior is nonlinear and the dataset is limited or noisy. Traditional approaches rely on identifying parameters of preselected material models, which separates the model selection and the calibration tasks leading to a potentially long and tedious trial-and-error procedure.</p><h3>Objective</h3><p>This work aims to assess the performance of EUCLID (Efficient Unsupervised Constitutive Law Identification and Discovery), a recently proposed framework for automated discovery of constitutive laws, when applied to experimental data.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Mechanical tests are conducted on natural rubber specimens of varying geometrical complexity. Both global (force–elongation) and local (full-field displacement) data are collected. Constitutive laws are obtained via two routes: (i) conventional parameter identification in a priori selected models, and (ii) EUCLID, which integrates model selection and parameter identification in a unified model discovery pipeline.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The two approaches are compared in terms of predictive accuracy, generalization to unseen geometries, and robustness to experimental noise. The coverage of the material state space achieved by each dataset is quantified, and the relative performance of different datasets and models is analyzed.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>EUCLID enables automated and data-driven discovery of constitutive laws, offering improved flexibility compared to conventional identification methods, and showing strong potential for reliable material modeling based on experimental data.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":552,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Mechanics","volume":"66 5","pages":"877 - 908"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148173021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-Dimensional Coordinates Correlation Method of Combined Fringe Projection and Speckle Imaging System","authors":"C. Liu,&nbsp;Y. Chen,&nbsp;D. Wang,&nbsp;Z. Yin,&nbsp;X. Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11340-026-01304-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11340-026-01304-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Three-dimensional digital image correlation (3D-DIC) has been widely applied for deformation measurement. However, the two-dimensional (2D) image coordinates based shape functions can not accurately describe the deformation characteristics since all tested objects are three-dimensional (3D).</p><h3>Objective</h3><p>The present work aims to address the issue of imperfect matching (either under-matching or over-matching) in the application of two-dimensional first- or second-order shape functions within the three-dimensional digital image correlation method.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>This paper proposed a novel 3D coordinates correlation (3DCC) methodology that synergistically integrates fringe projection and speckle imaging techniques to advance deformation analysis. The proposed method utilizes 3D coordinates shape functions instead of 2D image coordinates ones, thereby aligning more closely with the principles of Strain-Displacement Relations in continuum mechanics, and significantly improving the accuracy of deformation measurement.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Simulation experiments were conducted to assess its convergence and accuracy with Gaussian image noise. Comparative analyses were performed between the commercial 3D-DIC software and the proposed 3DCC method using two real experiments: a pure translation of a wedge-shaped mechanical element and a four-point bending of an acrylic beam. A greater than 50% enhancement in accuracy has been achieved.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The experimental results demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed 3DCC method in measuring displacement and strain, particularly for objects with complex geometries or those undergoing non-trivial deformations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":552,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Mechanics","volume":"66 5","pages":"849 - 859"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148172784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital Image Correlation Under Large Rotations or Off-Axis: An APT-DIC Method with SURF-Driven Affine-Projective","authors":"X. Y. Hou,&nbsp;D. W. Zeng,&nbsp;H. Y. Zhang,&nbsp;Z. W. Liu,&nbsp;X. F. Huang","doi":"10.1007/s11340-026-01288-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11340-026-01288-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Digital Image Correlation (DIC) is a non-contact optical measurement method widely employed for measuring object motion and deformation. However, traditional 2D-DIC fails in scenarios involving large-angle specimen rotation or off-axis due to geometric correspondence violations and severe decorrelation.</p><h3>Objective</h3><p>To overcome this fundamental limitation, we introduce the Affine-Projection Transformation DIC (APT-DIC) method.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Our novel approach features a two-stage rectification mechanism driven by Speeded-Up Robust Features (SURF): an initial affine transformation rectifies in-plane rotational distortions, which is then seamlessly followed by a projective transformation to compensate for out-of-plane rotation effects. Rigorous validation experiments confirm the stable DIC computation capability of the method under geometric correspondence alterations and large rotations. Controlled variable tests demonstrate the Pareto optimality of APT in rectification efficiency while maintaining robustness within calibration regions containing irregular deformation fields.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>When applied to gear deformation monitoring, APT-DIC achieves remarkable agreement between the calculated full-field displacements, strain evolution trends, and reference values.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This work establishes a new paradigm for high-fidelity deformation characterization in rotating machinery and other scenarios involving large rotations, paving the way for reliable measurements in previously challenging environments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":552,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Mechanics","volume":"66 5","pages":"861 - 875"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148172781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress Dip Test Characterization and Crystal Plasticity Modeling of Backstress in Titanium Alloys: Comparisons with Other Metals","authors":"J. Lim,&nbsp;S. I. Najmabad,&nbsp;M. P. Miles,&nbsp;M. Knezevic,&nbsp;D. T. Fullwood","doi":"10.1007/s11340-026-01303-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11340-026-01303-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Backstress is known to contribute significantly to observed flow stress in metals, but has not been systematically quantified across a wide range of alloys. The stress dip test is one method for conveniently obtaining the required information.</p><h3>Objective</h3><p>This paper seeks to measure backstress vs deformation level in two titanium alloys, and to compare those observations with other metals. Subtleties relating to the stress dip test are also assessed.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>The stress dip test is employed to quantify backstress in grade 4 commercially pure titanium, and in Ti-6Al-4V after various levels of room temperature tensile deformation. The observations are compared with predictions using a crystal plasticity model with dislocation-based hardening, and an integral phenomenological backstress law.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>When compared with tests on AA6016-T4 and pure tantalum, the general material responses are similar, with backstress accounting for less than 50% of flow stress in undeformed materials, but subsequently rising with plastic strain levels. Rapid relaxation of a portion of the backstress, which occurs in the Ta and Al, is not as noticeable in the titanium alloys. Unlike the Ta and AA 6016 materials, reverse yielding is not noticeable in the titanium alloys until compressive stresses are applied. The plasticity model captures the main characteristics of the stress dip test well.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The stress dip test is an underutilized method for extracting backstress information, revealing contrasting responses for different alloys. The overall undeformed backstress levels calculated from the method were initially higher than those for Al, but in line with that of Ta, starting at around 45% of the flow stress, and rising to above 60% with deformation (in the case of the grade 4 material). The material response can be predicted using a relatively standard crystal plasticity model with an additional phenomenological backstress law.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":552,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Mechanics","volume":"66 5","pages":"829 - 847"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148172782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Digital Image Correlation Approach for High-Cycles Fatigue Test","authors":"P. M. Santucci,&nbsp;A. Baldi","doi":"10.1007/s11340-026-01298-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11340-026-01298-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background:</h3><p>Material testing under fatigue load has been crucial in mechanical design, ever since the first relevant failures due to fatigue load produced catastrophic outcomes. In particular, high-cycle fatigue loading is quite common for most mechanical components. However, high-cycle fatigue tests require the specimen to undergo hundreds of thousands of cycles before failure occurs. Therefore, cycling must be performed as quickly as possible.</p><h3>Objective:</h3><p>Consequently, image acquisition becomes challenging because it requires synchronization with the loading cycle, high-speed acquisition, dynamic sampling, and failure detection. The standard solution to these problems is to stop the testing periodically and perform image acquisition. However, this requires continuous monitoring by a skilled operator. This work proposes an innovative low-cost experimental setup that performs such measurements in-line – with no interruption of the test – and without human interaction.</p><h3>Methods:</h3><p>By continuously monitoring the load and displacement signals of the testing machine, it is possible, on the one hand, to accurately synchronize image acquisition with the loading cycle and, on the other hand, to estimate the damage history to dynamically adjust image sampling.</p><h3>Results:</h3><p>Experimental tests prove that the proposed methodology enables the acquisition of blur-free images without pausing the test and using a standard camera.</p><h3>Conclusions:</h3><p>The proposed experimental approach allows for fully automatic monitoring of high-cycle fatigue tests. The system can collect images and track damage evolution through the final stage of the test with no human interaction. By adding a few low-cost components to the experimental setup, the proposed approach avoids the use of stroboscopic lamps and/or high-speed cameras.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":552,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Mechanics","volume":"66 5","pages":"909 - 914"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148172783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Multiscale In-Situ Experimental Method for Characterizing the Mechanical Response of Oil Paint","authors":"A. B. Behboud,&nbsp;J. P. M. Hoefnagels,&nbsp;S. Maraghechi,&nbsp;J. J. Hermans,&nbsp;E. Bosco","doi":"10.1007/s11340-026-01297-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11340-026-01297-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The mechanical behavior of historical oil paint is governed by complex, multiscale chemo-mechanical processes that evolve over decades. Yet, existing mechanical testing approaches cannot fully characterize its tensile response or resolve the microscale deformation and damage phenomena that drive cracking and delamination in historical artworks.</p><h3>Objective</h3><p>The aim of this work is to develop an experimental method capable of capturing the mechanical response of small-sized paint samples and linking local deformation and damage mechanisms to their overall tensile behavior.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>A novel methodology is introduced that combines <i>in-situ</i> micro-tensile testing and high-magnification optical profilometry with full-field Digital Image Correlation for the first time in oil paint research. The method enables the construction of multiple true stress–true strain curves and the extraction of mesoscopic and macroscopic mechanical properties from a single experiment, allowing statistically meaningful characterization from minimal paint material.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The mesoscale and macroscopic responses provide key mechanical properties (Young’s modulus, yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, strain at break, and Poisson’s ratio) consistent with values reported in the literature. Full-field measurements reveal strain localization near pigment-rich regions, where damage accumulates and microcracks initiate. The tested aged samples consistently exhibit increased stiffness and brittleness, while differences in chemical formulation (Prussian Blue versus Titanium White pigments) lead to distinct ductile or brittle responses.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The proposed methodology enables comprehensive multiscale mechanical characterization of oil paint and captures the deformation mechanisms underlying aging and composition-dependent behavior, representing an important step toward the mechanical characterization of original historical paint material.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":552,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Mechanics","volume":"66 7","pages":"1173 - 1196"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11340-026-01297-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148927616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Full-Field Digital Photoelastic Quantification of Principal Stress Difference Under Continuous Loading","authors":"C. Wan,&nbsp;B. Dai,&nbsp;L. Zhang,&nbsp;J. Zheng,&nbsp;Y. Ju","doi":"10.1007/s11340-026-01302-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11340-026-01302-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Reliable full-field quantification of principal stress difference (PSD) under continuous loading remains challenging in photoelastic models with structural heterogeneity because of fringe complexity and order ambiguity.</p><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study presents a digital photoelasticity workflow for full-field PSD quantification in continuously loaded 3D-printed rock models.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>The workflow integrates (i) native-resolution, one-pixel-wide skeletonization of integer- and half-integer-order fringes, (ii) region-specific reference-intensity normalization to suppress fringe-order-dependent drift, and (iii) skeleton-guided phase unwrapping based on deterministic half-order fringe-region partitioning. Representative 3D-printed rock models containing irregular fractures, particles, and pores are used for method evaluation.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Accuracy is benchmarked against a ten-step phase-shifting reference during a brief load-hold. Centerline-profile comparisons across the fracture, particle, and pore models yield a mean NRMSE of 2.2%. The resulting PSD maps remain smooth and physically consistent while resolving stress concentrations near crack tips, particle–matrix interfaces, and pore edges. </p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The proposed workflow enables accurate full-field PSD quantification under continuous loading in structurally heterogeneous, plane-stress photoelastic models.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":552,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Mechanics","volume":"66 5","pages":"811 - 828"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148172770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Visible-UV DIC Technique for Full-Field Reconstruction of Multi-Layer Tensioned Membrane Systems","authors":"S.A. Vlieghe,&nbsp;G. Gonzalez Ayala,&nbsp;M. Sakovsky","doi":"10.1007/s11340-026-01292-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11340-026-01292-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Multi-layer tensioned membrane structures offer order-of-magnitude mass savings compared to rigid-deployable structures for spacecraft. Example applications include deployable sunshields and RF apertures like reflectarrays or phased arrays. However, these applications have tight shape accuracy requirements and benefit from precise measurement during ground testing to verify their planarity and membrane layer separation. There are currently no techniques for measuring full-field multi-layer membrane deformation in a laboratory environment.</p><h3>Objective</h3><p>We propose a new metrology technique using Digital Image Correlation (DIC) with a combination of UV and visible inks and light sources to fully reconstruct two parallel tensioned membranes. The technique is also used to obtain full-field separation data between the membrane layers.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Five sets of validation tests were performed to assess the technique and quantify sources of systematic error and experimental uncertainty. The technique was also applied to an example problem comparing the mechanics of scalloped and square membrane pairs.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The technique was determined to have an out-of-plane precision of less than 50 µm, equivalent to twice the membrane thickness and only 0.5% of the membrane separation distance. The in-plane resolution was 0.95 mm. We showed that scalloped membranes maintained a more consistent separation across varying loads than square membranes.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The technique enables full-field multi-layer membrane reconstruction. It is proven for two layers and extendable to more layers by using different inks, light sources, and filters.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":552,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Mechanics","volume":"66 5","pages":"795 - 810"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148172705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Cover: Biaxial Micro-Mechanical Device (MMD) with Meta-Structure for In-Situ Mechanical Testing","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s11340-026-01295-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11340-026-01295-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":552,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Mechanics","volume":"66 4","pages":"589 - 589"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147737724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}