： A photon-level imaging-detection system is developed based on 64 64 pixel Geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes(Gm-APDS). By performing a low-frequency imaging-detection test, imaging detection of a point target 4.3 km away is realized. The experimental results show that the low-frequency photon-level echo laser imaging-detection technology based on Gm-APDS can quickly image and detect point targets without requiring long-term and multiple cumulative detections. This study lays a good technical foundation for the active detection of long-distance fast-moving targets in
{"title":"Low-Frequency Laser Imaging-Detection Experiment Based on Gm-APDs","authors":"刘 学胜, 王 智勇, 张 佳悦, 宋 毅恒, 赵 英超","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.7103116030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.7103116030","url":null,"abstract":"： A photon-level imaging-detection system is developed based on 64 64 pixel Geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes(Gm-APDS). By performing a low-frequency imaging-detection test, imaging detection of a point target 4.3 km away is realized. The experimental results show that the low-frequency photon-level echo laser imaging-detection technology based on Gm-APDS can quickly image and detect point targets without requiring long-term and multiple cumulative detections. This study lays a good technical foundation for the active detection of long-distance fast-moving targets in","PeriodicalId":64126,"journal":{"name":"红外技术","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42023692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: The generation of infrared (IR) images of air vehicles in real time during flight is very important for research on the IR characteristics of air vehicles. The velocity, altitude, and attitude of air vehicles vary during flight. Moreover, the air vehicle body is affected by environmental and background radiation. Hence, it is very difficult to obtain an accurate temperature distribution of the air vehicle body. Because the temperature distribution is related to the state of motion, control models that determine the attitude and velocity are established, along with the surface heat balance equations. The adiabatic wall temperature distribution is solved by computational fluid dynamics, and simplified altitude algorithms are obtained. Finally, IR images of the air vehicle in different bands and at different altitudes and velocities are simulated.
{"title":"Simulation of Air Vehicle Motion Control Models and Infrared Images","authors":"金 忠庆, 刘 勇求","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.7102910262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.7102910262","url":null,"abstract":": The generation of infrared (IR) images of air vehicles in real time during flight is very important for research on the IR characteristics of air vehicles. The velocity, altitude, and attitude of air vehicles vary during flight. Moreover, the air vehicle body is affected by environmental and background radiation. Hence, it is very difficult to obtain an accurate temperature distribution of the air vehicle body. Because the temperature distribution is related to the state of motion, control models that determine the attitude and velocity are established, along with the surface heat balance equations. The adiabatic wall temperature distribution is solved by computational fluid dynamics, and simplified altitude algorithms are obtained. Finally, IR images of the air vehicle in different bands and at different altitudes and velocities are simulated.","PeriodicalId":64126,"journal":{"name":"红外技术","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69676139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
., Abstract : Green light devices with a top multilayer anode/EHI608/NPB/Alq 3 :ELL/ETL02/LiF/Mg:Ag/ out-capping layer configuration were experimentally prepared on silicon substrate.T he doping concentrations of emitting layer have strict effects on the driving voltages, luminances, efficiencies and electroluminescent(EL) spectra of OLED devices. Further, the microcavity characteristics of top-emitting green OLED devices were examined. Based on the transfer matrix theory and optical constants of materials, the transmission of multilayer thin films (ETL/EIL/Mg ︰ Ag/CPL) are numerically calculated with matlab program. The experimental results demonstrated that based on an increase in the dopant concentration of the guest materials, the electroluminescent (EL) efficiency, driving voltage and luminance of the organic light-emitting device increased. And the doped concentration of the guest is controlled at 3.5%, the efficiency of the device remained stable, the transmission of multilayer thin films (ETL/EIL/Mg ︰ Ag/ CPL) gradually increased, according to the increase in the CPL thickness of the cathode refractive index matching layers. When the CPL thickness is controlled at approximately 30 nm, the transmission in the entire visible range is maximized, and the transmission spectrum (CIE x , CIE y ) value of multilayer thin films (ETL/EIL/Mg ︰ Ag/ CPL) are extremely near to the white equal energy (0.33, 0.33).
{"title":"Preparation and Performance of Top-Emitting Organic Green Light Emitting Devices","authors":"赵 孟玲, 陈 雪梅, 季 华夏, 杨 启鸣, 段 良飞, 武 艳鸣, 高 思博, 王 光华, 钱 福丽","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.7102910254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.7102910254","url":null,"abstract":"., Abstract : Green light devices with a top multilayer anode/EHI608/NPB/Alq 3 :ELL/ETL02/LiF/Mg:Ag/ out-capping layer configuration were experimentally prepared on silicon substrate.T he doping concentrations of emitting layer have strict effects on the driving voltages, luminances, efficiencies and electroluminescent(EL) spectra of OLED devices. Further, the microcavity characteristics of top-emitting green OLED devices were examined. Based on the transfer matrix theory and optical constants of materials, the transmission of multilayer thin films (ETL/EIL/Mg ︰ Ag/CPL) are numerically calculated with matlab program. The experimental results demonstrated that based on an increase in the dopant concentration of the guest materials, the electroluminescent (EL) efficiency, driving voltage and luminance of the organic light-emitting device increased. And the doped concentration of the guest is controlled at 3.5%, the efficiency of the device remained stable, the transmission of multilayer thin films (ETL/EIL/Mg ︰ Ag/ CPL) gradually increased, according to the increase in the CPL thickness of the cathode refractive index matching layers. When the CPL thickness is controlled at approximately 30 nm, the transmission in the entire visible range is maximized, and the transmission spectrum (CIE x , CIE y ) value of multilayer thin films (ETL/EIL/Mg ︰ Ag/ CPL) are extremely near to the white equal energy (0.33, 0.33).","PeriodicalId":64126,"journal":{"name":"红外技术","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41383749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: This paper introduces a data acquisition system for a MEMS gyroscope using a PSoC development board, for use in infrared imaging guidance systems. Using a PSoC 5 as the control core, we proposed a design scheme with high quality, low cost, low power consumption, which satisfied the design requirements. We performed a detailed investigation regarding the realization process of the hardware and software of the PSoC 5. Static and dynamic experiments were designed for data analysis. It is shown that the data acquisition system has high measurement accuracy.
{"title":"Design and Implementation of a Data Acquisition System for Gyroscopes Based on PSoC","authors":"颖 韩","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.7102910268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.7102910268","url":null,"abstract":": This paper introduces a data acquisition system for a MEMS gyroscope using a PSoC development board, for use in infrared imaging guidance systems. Using a PSoC 5 as the control core, we proposed a design scheme with high quality, low cost, low power consumption, which satisfied the design requirements. We performed a detailed investigation regarding the realization process of the hardware and software of the PSoC 5. Static and dynamic experiments were designed for data analysis. It is shown that the data acquisition system has high measurement accuracy.","PeriodicalId":64126,"journal":{"name":"红外技术","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46586790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lichang Zhao, Baohui Zhang, Wu Jie, Xudong Wu, Ji Li
： This paper proposes an infrared and visible image fusion method based on gray energy difference for two purposes: one, to obtain the prominent target features in an infrared image for extracting the important details in the visible image, and two, to solve the problem that the target information in traditional algorithms is not sufficiently prominent and that the details and textures are often missing. In this method, first, the target feature in the infrared image is detected by a target extraction algorithm based on gray energy difference. Second, infrared and visible images are decomposed to high and low frequencies using a non-subsampled contourlet transform (NSCT). Third, the gray energy difference map is used as the fusion weight to fuse the low-frequency parts of the infrared image and the visible image. The high-frequency part is fused by the rule of weighted variance. Finally, the NSCT inverse transform is used to fuse the high-frequency and low-frequency coefficients to obtain the final fused image. In this study, three groups of classical infrared and visible images are selected for fusion experiments and compared with other methods through subjective vision and objective indicators. Experimental results show that the algorithm can effectively highlight target information, improving contrast and sharpness and retaining texture details.
{"title":"Fusion of Infrared and Visible Images Based on Gray Energy Difference","authors":"Lichang Zhao, Baohui Zhang, Wu Jie, Xudong Wu, Ji Li","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.7102614861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.7102614861","url":null,"abstract":"： This paper proposes an infrared and visible image fusion method based on gray energy difference for two purposes: one, to obtain the prominent target features in an infrared image for extracting the important details in the visible image, and two, to solve the problem that the target information in traditional algorithms is not sufficiently prominent and that the details and textures are often missing. In this method, first, the target feature in the infrared image is detected by a target extraction algorithm based on gray energy difference. Second, infrared and visible images are decomposed to high and low frequencies using a non-subsampled contourlet transform (NSCT). Third, the gray energy difference map is used as the fusion weight to fuse the low-frequency parts of the infrared image and the visible image. The high-frequency part is fused by the rule of weighted variance. Finally, the NSCT inverse transform is used to fuse the high-frequency and low-frequency coefficients to obtain the final fused image. In this study, three groups of classical infrared and visible images are selected for fusion experiments and compared with other methods through subjective vision and objective indicators. Experimental results show that the algorithm can effectively highlight target information, improving contrast and sharpness and retaining texture details.","PeriodicalId":64126,"journal":{"name":"红外技术","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48801829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
： To investigate the common C pollution phenomenon of the microchannel plate (MCP) with an ion barrier film, we conducted vacuum heating, ultraviolet irradiation, and hydrogen heating tests. Auger electron spectroscopy and MCP electrical performance test are performed on each test result. Furthermore, the trends of MCP C content and MCP performance are analyzed using different methods. The analysis results show that the reduction in C content significantly improved MCP performance. The vacuum heating process does not significantly affect the decomposition of C; however, the UV irradiation and hydrogen heating processes can completely remove MCP C pollution. Finally, hydrogen heating significantly improved the MCP gain performance and resulted in the highest efficiency.
{"title":"Experimental Study of Carbon Pollution Removal from Microchannel Plate with Ion Barrier Film","authors":"师 宏立, 刘 旭川, 郝 子恒, 杨 晓军","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.7102614856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.7102614856","url":null,"abstract":"： To investigate the common C pollution phenomenon of the microchannel plate (MCP) with an ion barrier film, we conducted vacuum heating, ultraviolet irradiation, and hydrogen heating tests. Auger electron spectroscopy and MCP electrical performance test are performed on each test result. Furthermore, the trends of MCP C content and MCP performance are analyzed using different methods. The analysis results show that the reduction in C content significantly improved MCP performance. The vacuum heating process does not significantly affect the decomposition of C; however, the UV irradiation and hydrogen heating processes can completely remove MCP C pollution. Finally, hydrogen heating significantly improved the MCP gain performance and resulted in the highest efficiency.","PeriodicalId":64126,"journal":{"name":"红外技术","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41567414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
： In this study, the effect of lye corrosion time on the gain of a microchannel plate is investigated. By adjusting the lye-etching time, the concentration of alkali metals and the roughness of the channel inner wall are visualized via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy. Results show that reducing the lye-etching time can reduce the loss of alkali metal elements in the inner wall of the microchannel plate without affecting its roughness, thereby improving the secondary electron emission capacity and the microchannel plate gain. Further tests show that higher alkali metals can improve the gain of both the microchannel plates and image intensifier tubes, whereas the noise coefficient in the image intensifier tube does not increase with reduced lye-etching time.
{"title":"Micro-channel Plate Etching Technology in Lye","authors":"张 正君, 邱 祥彪, 丛 晓庆, 牛 鹏杰, 李 婧雯","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.7102614857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.7102614857","url":null,"abstract":"： In this study, the effect of lye corrosion time on the gain of a microchannel plate is investigated. By adjusting the lye-etching time, the concentration of alkali metals and the roughness of the channel inner wall are visualized via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy. Results show that reducing the lye-etching time can reduce the loss of alkali metal elements in the inner wall of the microchannel plate without affecting its roughness, thereby improving the secondary electron emission capacity and the microchannel plate gain. Further tests show that higher alkali metals can improve the gain of both the microchannel plates and image intensifier tubes, whereas the noise coefficient in the image intensifier tube does not increase with reduced lye-etching time.","PeriodicalId":64126,"journal":{"name":"红外技术","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47507177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
： The limiting resolution of an AlGaN photocathode image intensifier tube is much less than the limiting resolution of a GaAs photocathode image intensifier tube; thus, based on the effect of ultraviolet fluorescence, we calculate the limit resolution of an AlGaN photocathode and promote its ultraviolet modulation transfer function. According to the proximity focus system modulation transfer function and the test result of the custom developed AlGaN photocathode image intensifier, the resolution model of the AlGaN photocathode image intensifier is established. By comparing the ultraviolet modulation transfer function with the proximity focus system modulation transfer function, we discovered that the ultraviolet and photoelectron transmission in an AlGaN photocathode can reduce the limiting resolution of the AlGaN photocathode image intensifier tube and that the main reason affecting the limiting resolution of the AlGaN photocathode image intensifier tube is the photoelectron transmission and the scatter in the AlGaN photocathode.
{"title":"Limiting Resolution of AlGaN Photocathode Image Intensifier Tube","authors":"张 晓辉, 程 宏昌","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.7102614853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.7102614853","url":null,"abstract":"： The limiting resolution of an AlGaN photocathode image intensifier tube is much less than the limiting resolution of a GaAs photocathode image intensifier tube; thus, based on the effect of ultraviolet fluorescence, we calculate the limit resolution of an AlGaN photocathode and promote its ultraviolet modulation transfer function. According to the proximity focus system modulation transfer function and the test result of the custom developed AlGaN photocathode image intensifier, the resolution model of the AlGaN photocathode image intensifier is established. By comparing the ultraviolet modulation transfer function with the proximity focus system modulation transfer function, we discovered that the ultraviolet and photoelectron transmission in an AlGaN photocathode can reduce the limiting resolution of the AlGaN photocathode image intensifier tube and that the main reason affecting the limiting resolution of the AlGaN photocathode image intensifier tube is the photoelectron transmission and the scatter in the AlGaN photocathode.","PeriodicalId":64126,"journal":{"name":"红外技术","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44328333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
： Eddy current pulsed thermography is an emerging nondestructive testing technique that has been widely used for flaw detection in metallic materials. Typically, its performance is evaluated through hit/miss analysis. However, the traditional method of analyzing hit/miss requires considerable experimental data, which is time-consuming and expensive. In this study, a model-assisted method based on back-propagation neural networks (BPNNs) for hit/miss prediction was developed to minimize the need for additional experimental tests. Thirty sets of metal specimens with fatigue cracks of different lengths were fabricated; 15 experimental groups were subjected to different detection conditions. Subsequently, three sets of the probability of detection (POD) curves were plotted, and the effects of the different detection conditions on the POD were analyzed. Finally, a prediction model of the hit/miss based on the BPNN was constructed, and the hit/miss prediction was realized. The results showed that under different detection conditions, the proposed framework could complete the hit/miss prediction with an error of zero.
{"title":"Prediction of Hit/Miss under Different Detection Conditions through Eddy Current Pulsed Thermography","authors":"孙 吉伟, 邓 栋栋, 李 泓江","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.7102614864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.7102614864","url":null,"abstract":"： Eddy current pulsed thermography is an emerging nondestructive testing technique that has been widely used for flaw detection in metallic materials. Typically, its performance is evaluated through hit/miss analysis. However, the traditional method of analyzing hit/miss requires considerable experimental data, which is time-consuming and expensive. In this study, a model-assisted method based on back-propagation neural networks (BPNNs) for hit/miss prediction was developed to minimize the need for additional experimental tests. Thirty sets of metal specimens with fatigue cracks of different lengths were fabricated; 15 experimental groups were subjected to different detection conditions. Subsequently, three sets of the probability of detection (POD) curves were plotted, and the effects of the different detection conditions on the POD were analyzed. Finally, a prediction model of the hit/miss based on the BPNN was constructed, and the hit/miss prediction was realized. The results showed that under different detection conditions, the proposed framework could complete the hit/miss prediction with an error of zero.","PeriodicalId":64126,"journal":{"name":"红外技术","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45773734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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