Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.1097/jn9.0000000000000031
Qi Ling, Siqi Ni, Yi Jiao, Lingxiang Liu
Abstract Vitamin D, a fat-soluble hormone precursor primarily derived from sunlight exposure, exerts pleiotropic effects within the body, including anticancer activity. Research has demonstrated an association between vitamin D and colorectal cancer (CRC) from both geoecological and epidemiological perspectives, wherein vitamin D intake and circulating levels have clinical significance for the development of CRC and confer a protective effect against the disease. As such, a sensible increase in sunlight exposure may be an accessible approach to reducing cancer risk and a low-cost treatment when used in conjunction with vitamin D supplements. This article comprehensively explores the established and emerging mechanisms thought to underlie the impact of vitamin D on CRC. It encompasses recent insights from clinical trials and epidemiological studies, along with recommendations, diverse viewpoints, and future prospects regarding the utilization of vitamin D in the management of CRC.
{"title":"Unlocking the sun’s potential: Vitamin D’s role in battling colorectal cancer","authors":"Qi Ling, Siqi Ni, Yi Jiao, Lingxiang Liu","doi":"10.1097/jn9.0000000000000031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/jn9.0000000000000031","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Vitamin D, a fat-soluble hormone precursor primarily derived from sunlight exposure, exerts pleiotropic effects within the body, including anticancer activity. Research has demonstrated an association between vitamin D and colorectal cancer (CRC) from both geoecological and epidemiological perspectives, wherein vitamin D intake and circulating levels have clinical significance for the development of CRC and confer a protective effect against the disease. As such, a sensible increase in sunlight exposure may be an accessible approach to reducing cancer risk and a low-cost treatment when used in conjunction with vitamin D supplements. This article comprehensively explores the established and emerging mechanisms thought to underlie the impact of vitamin D on CRC. It encompasses recent insights from clinical trials and epidemiological studies, along with recommendations, diverse viewpoints, and future prospects regarding the utilization of vitamin D in the management of CRC.","PeriodicalId":64349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Oncology","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147919556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1097/JN9.0000000000000007
Peng Ren, Haiyue Wang, Zenghao Li
Abstract Objective The Delphi method was used to propose health effect evaluation indicators to assess foods for special medical purposes (FSMPs). This lays the foundation for the formation of a big data model for human health testing, as well as a big data platform for the health and safety evaluation of special medical foods. Methods The Delphi method was used to conduct two rounds of expert consultation on the constructed FSMP health effect evaluation indicators. Results Ten major items were identified after two rounds of expert consultation. Among these, there were 10 primary entries, 32 secondary entries, 50 tertiary entries, and 28 quaternary entries. Conclusion The complete list of evaluation indicators contains 10 entries, which can comprehensively and systematically monitor adverse reactions to the use of FSMPs. The present findings lay the foundation for a big data platform to evaluate the health and safety of special foods.
{"title":"Using the Delphi method to propose foods for special medical purposes health effect evaluation indicators","authors":"Peng Ren, Haiyue Wang, Zenghao Li","doi":"10.1097/JN9.0000000000000007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JN9.0000000000000007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective The Delphi method was used to propose health effect evaluation indicators to assess foods for special medical purposes (FSMPs). This lays the foundation for the formation of a big data model for human health testing, as well as a big data platform for the health and safety evaluation of special medical foods. Methods The Delphi method was used to conduct two rounds of expert consultation on the constructed FSMP health effect evaluation indicators. Results Ten major items were identified after two rounds of expert consultation. Among these, there were 10 primary entries, 32 secondary entries, 50 tertiary entries, and 28 quaternary entries. Conclusion The complete list of evaluation indicators contains 10 entries, which can comprehensively and systematically monitor adverse reactions to the use of FSMPs. The present findings lay the foundation for a big data platform to evaluate the health and safety of special foods.","PeriodicalId":64349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Oncology","volume":"8 1","pages":"47 - 52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43404028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1097/JN9.0000000000000004
Ruoxin Fang, Ling Yan, Zheng-Kai Liao
Abstract Intermittent fasting is a novel dietary intervention that has been demonstrated to improve the efficacy of cancer therapy and reduce complications. Time-restricted eating is a specific form of intermittent fasting. It usually restricts only the daily eating window and not the amount of calories consumed. In addition to providing a means for weight management and improving metabolism like other intermittent fasting methods, time-restricted eating also synchronizes circadian rhythms and affects autophagy levels, which has potential antiaging effects. Some studies have shown that time-restricted eating can prevent tumorigenesis and slow tumor progression. Moreover, because of its simplicity and mild adverse effects, time-restricted eating is safe and has a high rate of compliance. It may be used an adjuvant therapy and may be part of a healthy lifestyle suitable for long term by cancer patients or those at high risk of developing specific cancers. This article expounds on the potential impact of time-restricted eating on the prevention and treatment of cancer, as well as the potential mechanism(s) of action. There are 3 main aspects considered to be impacted by time-restricted eating: improving obesity and metabolic disorders, synchronizing the circadian rhythm, and upregulating autophagy. We herein present the current research progress related to the effects of time-restricted eating on malignant tumors. The purpose of this review is to provide a theoretical basis and direction for future research to explore the potential of time-restricted eating as a nutritional intervention to prevent the occurrence of cancer and as a treatment or adjuvant therapy for cancer. We believe that this approach may be conducive to improving the nutritional status of cancer patients and improving their prognosis and quality of life.
{"title":"Potential preventive effects of time-restricted eating on cancer","authors":"Ruoxin Fang, Ling Yan, Zheng-Kai Liao","doi":"10.1097/JN9.0000000000000004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JN9.0000000000000004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Intermittent fasting is a novel dietary intervention that has been demonstrated to improve the efficacy of cancer therapy and reduce complications. Time-restricted eating is a specific form of intermittent fasting. It usually restricts only the daily eating window and not the amount of calories consumed. In addition to providing a means for weight management and improving metabolism like other intermittent fasting methods, time-restricted eating also synchronizes circadian rhythms and affects autophagy levels, which has potential antiaging effects. Some studies have shown that time-restricted eating can prevent tumorigenesis and slow tumor progression. Moreover, because of its simplicity and mild adverse effects, time-restricted eating is safe and has a high rate of compliance. It may be used an adjuvant therapy and may be part of a healthy lifestyle suitable for long term by cancer patients or those at high risk of developing specific cancers. This article expounds on the potential impact of time-restricted eating on the prevention and treatment of cancer, as well as the potential mechanism(s) of action. There are 3 main aspects considered to be impacted by time-restricted eating: improving obesity and metabolic disorders, synchronizing the circadian rhythm, and upregulating autophagy. We herein present the current research progress related to the effects of time-restricted eating on malignant tumors. The purpose of this review is to provide a theoretical basis and direction for future research to explore the potential of time-restricted eating as a nutritional intervention to prevent the occurrence of cancer and as a treatment or adjuvant therapy for cancer. We believe that this approach may be conducive to improving the nutritional status of cancer patients and improving their prognosis and quality of life.","PeriodicalId":64349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Oncology","volume":"8 1","pages":"10 - 15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47778766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1097/JN9.0000000000000003
Qitan Huang, Jing-Jing Wei, Z. Zhuang
Abstract Transnasal intubation is a clinical operation usually performed blindly at the bedside. Mild adverse events, such as epistaxis and tube misplacement, are relatively common. Esophageal bleeding or perforation and other serious adverse events are rare. In the present study, two cases of severe diffuse esophageal bleeding caused by the blind placement of a nasogastric tube are described. These cases were successfully treated using a covered metal stent or Sengstaken-Blakemore tube. A review of the literature regarding the possible causes of such adverse events and the potential endoscopic treatments for severe hemorrhage are discussed.
{"title":"Exfoliative esophageal bleeding caused by blind placement of a nasogastric tube: Two cases and a literature review","authors":"Qitan Huang, Jing-Jing Wei, Z. Zhuang","doi":"10.1097/JN9.0000000000000003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JN9.0000000000000003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Transnasal intubation is a clinical operation usually performed blindly at the bedside. Mild adverse events, such as epistaxis and tube misplacement, are relatively common. Esophageal bleeding or perforation and other serious adverse events are rare. In the present study, two cases of severe diffuse esophageal bleeding caused by the blind placement of a nasogastric tube are described. These cases were successfully treated using a covered metal stent or Sengstaken-Blakemore tube. A review of the literature regarding the possible causes of such adverse events and the potential endoscopic treatments for severe hemorrhage are discussed.","PeriodicalId":64349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Oncology","volume":"8 1","pages":"53 - 55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42718389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Gastroparesis is a common postoperative complication of abdominal surgery, mainly manifested by postprandial fullness, early satiety, nausea, vomiting, and bloating. Gastroparesis should be addressed with a comprehensive treatment plan that includes nutritional therapy and medications such as metoclopramide, domperidone, cisapride, and antiemetic drugs. Surgical treatment, such as pyloroplasty or partial gastrectomy, should be considered if the conservative therapy is ineffective. Enteral and parenteral nutrition therapy can promote the recovery of gastrointestinal function, maintain the mucosal integrity and immunity, and reduce complications. Thus, nutrition can play an important role in the treatment of gastroparesis.
{"title":"Nutritional therapy for gastroparesis","authors":"Zhen Wang, Qin-Zhou Song, Jingqi Jiang, Xiangcun Wu, Junqiang Chen","doi":"10.1097/JN9.0000000000000005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JN9.0000000000000005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Gastroparesis is a common postoperative complication of abdominal surgery, mainly manifested by postprandial fullness, early satiety, nausea, vomiting, and bloating. Gastroparesis should be addressed with a comprehensive treatment plan that includes nutritional therapy and medications such as metoclopramide, domperidone, cisapride, and antiemetic drugs. Surgical treatment, such as pyloroplasty or partial gastrectomy, should be considered if the conservative therapy is ineffective. Enteral and parenteral nutrition therapy can promote the recovery of gastrointestinal function, maintain the mucosal integrity and immunity, and reduce complications. Thus, nutrition can play an important role in the treatment of gastroparesis.","PeriodicalId":64349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Oncology","volume":"8 1","pages":"25 - 30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43058487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1097/JN9.0000000000000002
Yan-li Wang, Tianhong Wu, Zhenming Fu, Zengqing Guo, Yuan Lin, Ying-ying Shi, Wen Hu, Y. Ba, Suyi Li, Zeng-Ning Li, Kun-Hua Wang, Jing Wu, Ying He, Jiajun Yang, C. Xie, Fu-xiang Zhou, Xinxia Song, Gong Chen, Wenyao Ma, S. Luo, Zi-hua Chen, M. Cong, Hu-sai Ma, Chunling Zhou, Wen Wang, Qiong Luo, Yongheng Shi, Y. Qi, Haiyun Jiang, Wenhao Guan, Junqiang Chen, Jia-xin Chen, Yu Fang, Lan Zhou, Yongdong Feng, Rong-shao Tan, Tao Li, Junyong Ou, Qingchao Zhao, JianXin Wu, Xin Lin, Liu Yang, Qi Zhang, Ping-Ping Jia, Wei Li, Hong-xia Xu, Han-ping Shi, Chunhua Song
Abstract Background The scored Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) has been widely used to assess the nutritional status of cancer patients. The purpose of this study is to compare the differences in PG-SGA scores and the 7 domain scores of the PG-SGA in male and female cancer patients. Methods This study was conducted at 72 hospitals from July 2013 to December 2018, a part of the Investigation on Nutritional Status and its Clinical Outcomes of Common Cancers. The PG-SGA was recorded to evaluate the nutritional status of patients. A total of 19,528 patients with 13 common malignancies were included in this study. Student t test and the χ2 test were applied to analyze the sex differences in the 7 domain scores. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used to analyze the expression levels of symptom-related genes. Results There were significant sex differences in the PG-SGA (P = 0.032), notably in patients with gastric cancer (male vs female: 9.09 ± 4.86 vs 9.58 ± 5.07, P = 0.005) and esophageal cancer (9.64 ± 4.90 vs 10.46 ± 4.96, P = 0.011) and the average total PG-SGA of female patients was slightly higher than that of male patients (7.64 ± 4.98 vs 7.77 ± 5.14). The differences were mainly related to the weight, eating, symptom, as well as activity and physical function scores in the stratified analysis. Possible causes of the sex differences were the rates of nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, and other symptoms, in both gastric and esophageal cancer patients. Analysis of the TCGA database suggested that most of the related genes were sex neutral, except for genes related to dysphagia in gastric cancer (VEGFC was higher in female patients, VEGFA and VEGFB higher in male patients). Conclusions There are sex differences in the PG-SGA scores in patients with various tumor types (female patients generally had higher scores than male patients), with differences mainly in the weight, eating, symptom, as well as activity and physical function scores. The sex differences in PG-SGA scores might be due to the differences in the clinical manifestations of the disease, and further studies should be carried out to investigate other factors influencing the PG-SGA scores in cancer patients. This study provides basic data supporting the individualized nutritional treatment of cancer patients in clinical practice.
摘要背景评分的患者生成主观整体评估（PG-SGA）已被广泛用于评估癌症患者的营养状况。本研究的目的是比较男性和女性癌症患者PG-SGA评分和PG-SGA的7个领域评分的差异。方法本研究于2013年7月至2018年12月在72家医院进行，是《常见癌症营养状况及其临床转归调查》的一部分。记录PG-SGA以评估患者的营养状况。本研究共纳入了19528名患者，他们患有13种常见的恶性肿瘤。采用Student t检验和χ2检验对7个领域得分的性别差异进行分析。癌症基因组图谱（TCGA）数据库用于分析症状相关基因的表达水平。结果PG-SGA存在显著的性别差异（P=0.032），癌症患者（男性与女性：9.09±4.86 vs 9.58±5.07，P=0.005）和癌症患者（9.64±4.90 vs 10.46±4.96，P=0.011），女性患者的总PG-SGA平均略高于男性患者（7.64±4.98 vs 7.77±5.14），以及分层分析中的活动和身体功能得分。性别差异的可能原因是癌症患者恶心、呕吐、口干和其他症状的发生率。对TCGA数据库的分析表明，除了与癌症吞咽困难相关的基因外，大多数相关基因都是中性的（女性患者中VEGFC较高，男性患者中VEGFA和VEGFB较高）。结论不同肿瘤类型患者的PG-SGA评分存在性别差异（女性患者的评分普遍高于男性患者），差异主要表现在体重、饮食、症状以及活动和身体功能评分上。PG-SGA评分的性别差异可能是由于疾病临床表现的差异，应进一步研究影响癌症患者PG-SGA得分的其他因素。本研究为癌症患者的个体化营养治疗提供了基础数据支持。
{"title":"Sex differences in the scored Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment in 19,528 cancer patients","authors":"Yan-li Wang, Tianhong Wu, Zhenming Fu, Zengqing Guo, Yuan Lin, Ying-ying Shi, Wen Hu, Y. Ba, Suyi Li, Zeng-Ning Li, Kun-Hua Wang, Jing Wu, Ying He, Jiajun Yang, C. Xie, Fu-xiang Zhou, Xinxia Song, Gong Chen, Wenyao Ma, S. Luo, Zi-hua Chen, M. Cong, Hu-sai Ma, Chunling Zhou, Wen Wang, Qiong Luo, Yongheng Shi, Y. Qi, Haiyun Jiang, Wenhao Guan, Junqiang Chen, Jia-xin Chen, Yu Fang, Lan Zhou, Yongdong Feng, Rong-shao Tan, Tao Li, Junyong Ou, Qingchao Zhao, JianXin Wu, Xin Lin, Liu Yang, Qi Zhang, Ping-Ping Jia, Wei Li, Hong-xia Xu, Han-ping Shi, Chunhua Song","doi":"10.1097/JN9.0000000000000002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JN9.0000000000000002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background The scored Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) has been widely used to assess the nutritional status of cancer patients. The purpose of this study is to compare the differences in PG-SGA scores and the 7 domain scores of the PG-SGA in male and female cancer patients. Methods This study was conducted at 72 hospitals from July 2013 to December 2018, a part of the Investigation on Nutritional Status and its Clinical Outcomes of Common Cancers. The PG-SGA was recorded to evaluate the nutritional status of patients. A total of 19,528 patients with 13 common malignancies were included in this study. Student t test and the χ2 test were applied to analyze the sex differences in the 7 domain scores. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used to analyze the expression levels of symptom-related genes. Results There were significant sex differences in the PG-SGA (P = 0.032), notably in patients with gastric cancer (male vs female: 9.09 ± 4.86 vs 9.58 ± 5.07, P = 0.005) and esophageal cancer (9.64 ± 4.90 vs 10.46 ± 4.96, P = 0.011) and the average total PG-SGA of female patients was slightly higher than that of male patients (7.64 ± 4.98 vs 7.77 ± 5.14). The differences were mainly related to the weight, eating, symptom, as well as activity and physical function scores in the stratified analysis. Possible causes of the sex differences were the rates of nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, and other symptoms, in both gastric and esophageal cancer patients. Analysis of the TCGA database suggested that most of the related genes were sex neutral, except for genes related to dysphagia in gastric cancer (VEGFC was higher in female patients, VEGFA and VEGFB higher in male patients). Conclusions There are sex differences in the PG-SGA scores in patients with various tumor types (female patients generally had higher scores than male patients), with differences mainly in the weight, eating, symptom, as well as activity and physical function scores. The sex differences in PG-SGA scores might be due to the differences in the clinical manifestations of the disease, and further studies should be carried out to investigate other factors influencing the PG-SGA scores in cancer patients. This study provides basic data supporting the individualized nutritional treatment of cancer patients in clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":64349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Oncology","volume":"8 1","pages":"38 - 46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48420239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1097/JN9.0000000000000001
Yuanxia Cheng, Yong-Lin Zhou
Abstract Citrus fruits are rich sources of several biologically active flavonoids such as hesperidin, naringin, and polymethoxylated flavones. We evaluated the evidence of associations between citrus fruit or hesperidin intake and multiple health outcomes. An umbrella review was conducted for studies performed in humans. Overall, 246 articles were initially identified by searching in 4 databases. Twenty-two meta-analyses and systematic reviews with 28 health outcomes met the inclusion criteria. Citrus fruit intake had beneficial effects on all-cause mortality (relative risk [RR]. 0.90; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.86 to 0.94), cardiovascular diseases (RR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.66 to 0.92), coronary heart disease (RR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.86 to 0.96), stroke (RR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.65 to 0.84), type 2 diabetes mellitus (RR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.78 to 0.92), and several cancers. Dose-response analyses indicated that each 100-g/d increase in citrus fruit intake could reduce the risks of all-cause mortality by 6% (RR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.88 to 1.00), stroke by 22% (RR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.69 to 0.90), and cardia gastric cancer by 40% (RR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.83). Citrus fruit intake also had beneficial effects on the lipid profile and body weight control (weighted mean difference, −1.28; 95% CI, −1.82 to −0.74). Grapefruits could reduce the systolic blood pressure (weighted mean difference, −2.43, 95% CI, −4.77 to −0.09). Hesperidin supplementation significantly improved inflammation. Citrus fruit intake was generally safe and beneficial for multiple health outcomes in humans. However, grapefruit and pomelo juice may affect the bioavailability of various medications, so care should be exercised before increasing the intake of these fruits or their juices.
{"title":"Impact of citrus fruit and hesperidin intake on multiple health outcomes: An umbrella review","authors":"Yuanxia Cheng, Yong-Lin Zhou","doi":"10.1097/JN9.0000000000000001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JN9.0000000000000001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Citrus fruits are rich sources of several biologically active flavonoids such as hesperidin, naringin, and polymethoxylated flavones. We evaluated the evidence of associations between citrus fruit or hesperidin intake and multiple health outcomes. An umbrella review was conducted for studies performed in humans. Overall, 246 articles were initially identified by searching in 4 databases. Twenty-two meta-analyses and systematic reviews with 28 health outcomes met the inclusion criteria. Citrus fruit intake had beneficial effects on all-cause mortality (relative risk [RR]. 0.90; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.86 to 0.94), cardiovascular diseases (RR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.66 to 0.92), coronary heart disease (RR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.86 to 0.96), stroke (RR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.65 to 0.84), type 2 diabetes mellitus (RR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.78 to 0.92), and several cancers. Dose-response analyses indicated that each 100-g/d increase in citrus fruit intake could reduce the risks of all-cause mortality by 6% (RR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.88 to 1.00), stroke by 22% (RR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.69 to 0.90), and cardia gastric cancer by 40% (RR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.83). Citrus fruit intake also had beneficial effects on the lipid profile and body weight control (weighted mean difference, −1.28; 95% CI, −1.82 to −0.74). Grapefruits could reduce the systolic blood pressure (weighted mean difference, −2.43, 95% CI, −4.77 to −0.09). Hesperidin supplementation significantly improved inflammation. Citrus fruit intake was generally safe and beneficial for multiple health outcomes in humans. However, grapefruit and pomelo juice may affect the bioavailability of various medications, so care should be exercised before increasing the intake of these fruits or their juices.","PeriodicalId":64349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Oncology","volume":"8 1","pages":"16 - 24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42791358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1097/JN9.0000000000000006
Lichuan Zhang, Yujie Wang, B. Zhuang, Tong Zhang, Sanli Jin, M. Wan, D. Zhao, B. Zheng, S. Xiao, Weixin Liu, Xiaolong Xu, Zhou Huang, Yan Sun, Yaru Zhang, Wei-Hu Wang, Q. Lu
Abstract Objective Radiation mucositis, especially pharyngeal mucositis, severely affects the oral intake of patients of head and neck cancer (HNC) during radiotherapy. Whether the nutritional status affects the severity of pharyngeal mucositis is currently unknown. This study investigated the incidence of malnutrition and radiation pharyngeal mucositis in patients with HNC during radiotherapy and analyzed the impact of the nutritional status on radiation pharyngeal mucositis. Methods Consecutive patients with HNC receiving radiotherapy were recruited for this longitudinal observational study. Data were collected at baseline (T1), midtreatment (T2), and at the end of treatment (T3). The Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0 and the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria were used to assess pharyngeal mucositis and the nutritional status, respectively. Results There were 348 HNC patients who completed all assessments. The pharyngeal mucositis of patients with HNC was aggravated during radiotherapy (χ2 = 553.521, P < 0.001). At T3, 56.0% of patients had moderate or severe pharyngeal mucositis. The proportion of patients with malnutrition increased significantly during treatment (21.3% at T1 vs 46.8% at T2 vs 76.1% at T3, χ2 = 209.768, P < 0.001). Both a multivariable analysis of generalized estimating equations and a logistic regression analysis showed that pharyngeal mucositis was associated with malnutrition. Conclusions Malnutrition was common in patients with HNC during radiotherapy, and it was closely related to pharyngeal mucositis. Joint interventions targeting nutrition and symptom management should be considered for patients with HNC.
{"title":"Association between the nutritional status and radiation pharyngeal mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer during radiotherapy: A longitudinal study","authors":"Lichuan Zhang, Yujie Wang, B. Zhuang, Tong Zhang, Sanli Jin, M. Wan, D. Zhao, B. Zheng, S. Xiao, Weixin Liu, Xiaolong Xu, Zhou Huang, Yan Sun, Yaru Zhang, Wei-Hu Wang, Q. Lu","doi":"10.1097/JN9.0000000000000006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JN9.0000000000000006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective Radiation mucositis, especially pharyngeal mucositis, severely affects the oral intake of patients of head and neck cancer (HNC) during radiotherapy. Whether the nutritional status affects the severity of pharyngeal mucositis is currently unknown. This study investigated the incidence of malnutrition and radiation pharyngeal mucositis in patients with HNC during radiotherapy and analyzed the impact of the nutritional status on radiation pharyngeal mucositis. Methods Consecutive patients with HNC receiving radiotherapy were recruited for this longitudinal observational study. Data were collected at baseline (T1), midtreatment (T2), and at the end of treatment (T3). The Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0 and the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria were used to assess pharyngeal mucositis and the nutritional status, respectively. Results There were 348 HNC patients who completed all assessments. The pharyngeal mucositis of patients with HNC was aggravated during radiotherapy (χ2 = 553.521, P < 0.001). At T3, 56.0% of patients had moderate or severe pharyngeal mucositis. The proportion of patients with malnutrition increased significantly during treatment (21.3% at T1 vs 46.8% at T2 vs 76.1% at T3, χ2 = 209.768, P < 0.001). Both a multivariable analysis of generalized estimating equations and a logistic regression analysis showed that pharyngeal mucositis was associated with malnutrition. Conclusions Malnutrition was common in patients with HNC during radiotherapy, and it was closely related to pharyngeal mucositis. Joint interventions targeting nutrition and symptom management should be considered for patients with HNC.","PeriodicalId":64349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Oncology","volume":"8 1","pages":"31 - 37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47459875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xuzai Lu, Hongzhen Du, Tianfeng Zhang, Meifang Chen, Zengning Li, B. Luo
Abstract: Objectives A meta-analysis was conducted to assess the association between breast cancer risk and three common dietary patterns. Methods The PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched (until June 2022) for studies on the association between three common dietary patterns, including the Western dietary pattern, vegetarian dietary pattern and Mediterranean dietary pattern, and the risk of breast cancer. The Newcastle-Ottawa (NOS) scale was used to assess study quality. Results A total of 24 articles published from 2001 to 2021 that met the criteria were included for meta-analysis. The Western dietary pattern was positively associated with the breast cancer risk in women both before and after menopause, although the heterogeneity in the study was high (HR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.01-1.30, I2 = 56.2%, P = 0.019). There was an inverse association between the vegetarian dietary pattern and breast cancer risk among women (HR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.78 - 0.97, I2 = 73.7%, P < 0.001). No association was observed between the Mediterranean dietary pattern and women’s risk of breast cancer (HR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.89 - 1.02, I2 = 64.1%, P = 0.010). Due to the presence of significant heterogeneity among the studies, we performed a subgroup analysis, meta-regression analysis and sensitivity analysis, and found that factors such as the type of study design were the main sources of heterogeneity in each group. These results remained largely unchanged after excluding studies of a specific type from the sensitivity analysis. Conclusion The Western dietary pattern can increase the risk of breast cancer, while the vegetarian dietary pattern can reduce the risk of breast cancer. No association between the Mediterranean dietary pattern and the risk of breast cancer was observed.
摘要：目的对癌症风险与三种常见饮食模式之间的关系进行荟萃分析。方法系统检索PubMed、Web of Science、CNKI、Wanfang、Embase和Cochrane图书馆数据库（至2022年6月），研究西方饮食模式、素食饮食模式和地中海饮食模式三种常见饮食模式与癌症风险的关系。纽卡斯尔-渥太华（NOS）量表用于评估研究质量。结果2001年至2021年共发表了24篇符合标准的文章，纳入荟萃分析。西方饮食模式与绝经前后女性乳腺癌症风险呈正相关，尽管研究中的异质性很高（HR=1.05，95%CI:1.01-1.30，I2=56.2%，P=0.019）。素食饮食模式与女性患癌症的风险呈负相关（HR=0.87，95%CI:0.78-0.97，I2=73.7%，P=0.001）。地中海饮食模式与妇女患癌症的风险之间未观察到相关性（HR=0.96，95%CI:0.89-1.02，I2=64.1%，P=0.010）。由于研究之间存在显著的异质性，我们进行了亚组分析、元回归分析和敏感性分析，发现研究设计类型等因素是各组异质性的主要来源。在敏感性分析中排除特定类型的研究后，这些结果基本保持不变。结论西方饮食模式可增加患癌症的风险，素食饮食模式可降低患癌症的风险。地中海饮食模式与癌症风险之间没有关联。
{"title":"Meta-Analysis of the Breast Cancer Risk Associated with Three Dietary Patterns","authors":"Xuzai Lu, Hongzhen Du, Tianfeng Zhang, Meifang Chen, Zengning Li, B. Luo","doi":"10.34175/jno202203004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34175/jno202203004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Objectives A meta-analysis was conducted to assess the association between breast cancer risk and three common dietary patterns. Methods The PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched (until June 2022) for studies on the association between three common dietary patterns, including the Western dietary pattern, vegetarian dietary pattern and Mediterranean dietary pattern, and the risk of breast cancer. The Newcastle-Ottawa (NOS) scale was used to assess study quality. Results A total of 24 articles published from 2001 to 2021 that met the criteria were included for meta-analysis. The Western dietary pattern was positively associated with the breast cancer risk in women both before and after menopause, although the heterogeneity in the study was high (HR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.01-1.30, I2 = 56.2%, P = 0.019). There was an inverse association between the vegetarian dietary pattern and breast cancer risk among women (HR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.78 - 0.97, I2 = 73.7%, P < 0.001). No association was observed between the Mediterranean dietary pattern and women’s risk of breast cancer (HR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.89 - 1.02, I2 = 64.1%, P = 0.010). Due to the presence of significant heterogeneity among the studies, we performed a subgroup analysis, meta-regression analysis and sensitivity analysis, and found that factors such as the type of study design were the main sources of heterogeneity in each group. These results remained largely unchanged after excluding studies of a specific type from the sensitivity analysis. Conclusion The Western dietary pattern can increase the risk of breast cancer, while the vegetarian dietary pattern can reduce the risk of breast cancer. No association between the Mediterranean dietary pattern and the risk of breast cancer was observed.","PeriodicalId":64349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Oncology","volume":"7 1","pages":"136 - 152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44101729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yu Ji Chen, Bin Zhao, Yiqun Liao, C-K Wei, Yinzhu Ma, Fei Wang, Dao-rong Wang, D. Tang
Abstract: Objectives To explore the value of performing a modified colonic transit test in the diagnosis of chronic constipation. Methods we retrospectively analyzed the results in 101 patients admitted to the MDT Outpatient Clinic of Subei People’s Hospital, Jiangsu Province, China, from July 1, 2019, to July 31, 2021. Patients were prohibited from using drugs and stimulant foods that could affect bowel motility for three days before and during the examination. We performed two abdominal X-rays at 6 and 72 hours after oral ingestion of the barium suspension to observe the residual condition of barium in the patient’s colon. We then gave specific treatments based on the different types of constipation detected in the patients. Results Compared with patients with normal transit, patients with slow transit (P < 0.001) and patients with rectal evacuation disorders had a significantly reduced stool frequency (P < 0.05). The kappa coefficient of the modified colonic transit test compared to anorectal manometry in the diagnosis of functional defecation disorders (FDDs) was 0.649, indicating substantial consistency between the two methods. Conclusion The modified colonic transit test not only assesses colonic transit function and provides an initial determination of the type of constipation, but also shows the colon morphology, providing a reference for possible subsequent treatments.
{"title":"The Value of a Modified Colonic Transit Test in the Diagnosis of Chronic Constipation","authors":"Yu Ji Chen, Bin Zhao, Yiqun Liao, C-K Wei, Yinzhu Ma, Fei Wang, Dao-rong Wang, D. Tang","doi":"10.34175/jno202203005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34175/jno202203005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Objectives To explore the value of performing a modified colonic transit test in the diagnosis of chronic constipation. Methods we retrospectively analyzed the results in 101 patients admitted to the MDT Outpatient Clinic of Subei People’s Hospital, Jiangsu Province, China, from July 1, 2019, to July 31, 2021. Patients were prohibited from using drugs and stimulant foods that could affect bowel motility for three days before and during the examination. We performed two abdominal X-rays at 6 and 72 hours after oral ingestion of the barium suspension to observe the residual condition of barium in the patient’s colon. We then gave specific treatments based on the different types of constipation detected in the patients. Results Compared with patients with normal transit, patients with slow transit (P < 0.001) and patients with rectal evacuation disorders had a significantly reduced stool frequency (P < 0.05). The kappa coefficient of the modified colonic transit test compared to anorectal manometry in the diagnosis of functional defecation disorders (FDDs) was 0.649, indicating substantial consistency between the two methods. Conclusion The modified colonic transit test not only assesses colonic transit function and provides an initial determination of the type of constipation, but also shows the colon morphology, providing a reference for possible subsequent treatments.","PeriodicalId":64349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Oncology","volume":"7 1","pages":"153 - 160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47203968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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