The paper starts from a general consideration of three programs in cognitive science: the internalist, the externalist, and the social approaches to cognition. In the social domain, some new approaches propose that human sociality is to be treated as part of our biological nature. Several research programs were born out of these considerations. There are some among them that propose general theories for the distribution of representations. The paper analyses two of these, the meme theory put forward by Richard Dawkins, and the epidemiological theory proposed by Dan Sperber. It points out that while for Dawkins the essential aspect is replication, for Sperber it is transmission of representations where biological analogies become crucial. For both theories, to turn them into working models, a lot of detailed elaboration is needed from data on social science.
{"title":"Thoughts on the Distribution of Thoughts: Memes or Epidemies","authors":"C. Pléh","doi":"10.1556/JCEP.1.2003.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/JCEP.1.2003.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"The paper starts from a general consideration of three programs in cognitive science: the internalist, the externalist, and the social approaches to cognition. In the social domain, some new approaches propose that human sociality is to be treated as part of our biological nature. Several research programs were born out of these considerations. There are some among them that propose general theories for the distribution of representations. The paper analyses two of these, the meme theory put forward by Richard Dawkins, and the epidemiological theory proposed by Dan Sperber. It points out that while for Dawkins the essential aspect is replication, for Sperber it is transmission of representations where biological analogies become crucial. For both theories, to turn them into working models, a lot of detailed elaboration is needed from data on social science.","PeriodicalId":89409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cultural and evolutionary psychology","volume":"1 1","pages":"21-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81698732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The mental rotation is a classical paradigm in cognitive psychology. Recent tests demonstrate that the linearity coefficient (r2) is an appropriate variable to show the cognitive appearance (cognitive strategy) of mental rotation. It is well documented that males perform better than females on object mental rotation. The present work is the first demonstration of a sex difference of cognitive strategy used during mental rotation. A linearity coefficient of females was higher than the coefficient of males. This result implies that females use a more active and powerful mental rotation strategy. This is very important from the viewpoint of some methodology. In the cognitive neuroscience there are various fMRI and MEG works which measure brain activity during mental rotation. However, beside the demonstration of mental rotation paradigm, it may be very important provide that subjects at whom occur actually the mental rotation during brain scanning.
{"title":"Sex Difference of Cognitive Strategy on Mental Rotation Task","authors":"K. Karádi, Á. Csathó, J. Kállai, B. Lábadi","doi":"10.1556/JCEP.1.2003.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/JCEP.1.2003.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"The mental rotation is a classical paradigm in cognitive psychology. Recent tests demonstrate that the linearity coefficient (r2) is an appropriate variable to show the cognitive appearance (cognitive strategy) of mental rotation. It is well documented that males perform better than females on object mental rotation. The present work is the first demonstration of a sex difference of cognitive strategy used during mental rotation. A linearity coefficient of females was higher than the coefficient of males. This result implies that females use a more active and powerful mental rotation strategy. This is very important from the viewpoint of some methodology. In the cognitive neuroscience there are various fMRI and MEG works which measure brain activity during mental rotation. However, beside the demonstration of mental rotation paradigm, it may be very important provide that subjects at whom occur actually the mental rotation during brain scanning.","PeriodicalId":89409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cultural and evolutionary psychology","volume":"46 1","pages":"73-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76930094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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