Pub Date : 2020-10-22DOI: 10.4172/2324-8599.1000225
Suresh Rasaily, Ben Limbu, R. Saiju
Introduction: The aim of study was to compare and analyze surgical success and patient satisfaction in doing external dacryocystorhinostomy and endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy for the management of primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction at tertiary care referral hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal. Methods: Hospital based prospective, comparative, nonrandomized, interventional study. A total of 70 patients, 36 patients (36 eyes) in external DCR group and 34 patients (36 eyes) in endoscopic DCR group, diagnosed as primary nasolacrimal duct obstruction (PANDO) meeting inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study from 1st June 2015 to 30 May 2016 with additional 6 months and consecutive six months follow up were observed for all patients. Postoperative symptomatic improvement and patency of lacrimal passage on syringing were analysed in each follow up. The success was defined by both symptomatic improvement and patent lacrimal passage on syringing at 6 months after surgery. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were also evaluated. Patient satisfaction and quality of life were analysed using Glasgow Benefit Inventory Questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS 21 version software programme. The pvalue< 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Total of 72 DCR surgeries (36 in each group) were performed in 70 primary NLDO patients including 2 bilateral endoscopic DCR. Mean age of presentation in external DCR was 45.17 years ± 6.05 SD (range, 21–61 years) whereas in endoscopic DCR group was 31.28 years ± 10.54 SD (range, 15-41 years). Female preponderance was seen in both groups (F: M=27: 9 in Ex-DCR group and 28:6 in En-DCR). Overall, success rate is 95.83% (n=69 out of 72). Intergroup success rate was almost similar in both groups (Ex-DCR 35/36, 97.22% and En-DCR 34/36, 94.44% and p value=1.00). The mean total score from GBI was 46.60 ± 10.61 (95% CI, 22.22-75) and 62.89 ± 18.03 (95% CI, 22.22-91.67) in Ex-DCR and En-DCR groups respectively, p value<0.001. The mean general subscale score was 44.33 ± 13.33 (95% CI, 12.50-70.83) in Ex- DCR group and 63.77 ± 19.33(95% CI, 2.50-95.83) in En- DCR group and P-value<0.001. Social support subscale was 46.76 ± 11.14 (95% CI, 0-66.67) in Ex-DCR and 49.54 ± 18.03 (95% CI, 0-83.33) in En-DCR group and p-value=0.276. Physical health subscale score was 56.48 ± 15.57(95% CI, 50-100) in Ex-DCR group and 74.54 ± 14.95 (95% CI,-66.67-100) in En-DCR p-value<0. 001. The commonest intraoperative and post-operative complication was bleeding in both groups. However, intra-operative complication rate (En- DCR, 12 (33.33%, Ex-DCR 3 (8.33%) and p-value=0.01 and postoperative complication rate (En-DCR, 11 (30.66%), Ex- DCR 19 (52.78%) p-value=0.06. Conclusion: Surgical success rate is almost comparable in both groups. Endoscopic DCR was found to have higher intraoperative complication but minimal post-operative complication compared to external DCR. Endoscopic DCR was found
{"title":"External vs. Endonasal Endoscopic Dacryocystorhinostomy: Surgical Success and Patient Satisfaction","authors":"Suresh Rasaily, Ben Limbu, R. Saiju","doi":"10.4172/2324-8599.1000225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2324-8599.1000225","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The aim of study was to compare and analyze surgical success and patient satisfaction in doing external dacryocystorhinostomy and endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy for the management of primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction at tertiary care referral hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal. Methods: Hospital based prospective, comparative, nonrandomized, interventional study. A total of 70 patients, 36 patients (36 eyes) in external DCR group and 34 patients (36 eyes) in endoscopic DCR group, diagnosed as primary nasolacrimal duct obstruction (PANDO) meeting inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study from 1st June 2015 to 30 May 2016 with additional 6 months and consecutive six months follow up were observed for all patients. Postoperative symptomatic improvement and patency of lacrimal passage on syringing were analysed in each follow up. The success was defined by both symptomatic improvement and patent lacrimal passage on syringing at 6 months after surgery. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were also evaluated. Patient satisfaction and quality of life were analysed using Glasgow Benefit Inventory Questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS 21 version software programme. The pvalue< 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Total of 72 DCR surgeries (36 in each group) were performed in 70 primary NLDO patients including 2 bilateral endoscopic DCR. Mean age of presentation in external DCR was 45.17 years ± 6.05 SD (range, 21–61 years) whereas in endoscopic DCR group was 31.28 years ± 10.54 SD (range, 15-41 years). Female preponderance was seen in both groups (F: M=27: 9 in Ex-DCR group and 28:6 in En-DCR). Overall, success rate is 95.83% (n=69 out of 72). Intergroup success rate was almost similar in both groups (Ex-DCR 35/36, 97.22% and En-DCR 34/36, 94.44% and p value=1.00). The mean total score from GBI was 46.60 ± 10.61 (95% CI, 22.22-75) and 62.89 ± 18.03 (95% CI, 22.22-91.67) in Ex-DCR and En-DCR groups respectively, p value<0.001. The mean general subscale score was 44.33 ± 13.33 (95% CI, 12.50-70.83) in Ex- DCR group and 63.77 ± 19.33(95% CI, 2.50-95.83) in En- DCR group and P-value<0.001. Social support subscale was 46.76 ± 11.14 (95% CI, 0-66.67) in Ex-DCR and 49.54 ± 18.03 (95% CI, 0-83.33) in En-DCR group and p-value=0.276. Physical health subscale score was 56.48 ± 15.57(95% CI, 50-100) in Ex-DCR group and 74.54 ± 14.95 (95% CI,-66.67-100) in En-DCR p-value<0. 001. The commonest intraoperative and post-operative complication was bleeding in both groups. However, intra-operative complication rate (En- DCR, 12 (33.33%, Ex-DCR 3 (8.33%) and p-value=0.01 and postoperative complication rate (En-DCR, 11 (30.66%), Ex- DCR 19 (52.78%) p-value=0.06. Conclusion: Surgical success rate is almost comparable in both groups. Endoscopic DCR was found to have higher intraoperative complication but minimal post-operative complication compared to external DCR. Endoscopic DCR was found ","PeriodicalId":89944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ophthalmic Pathology","volume":"2018 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43811411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-30DOI: 10.37532/IOPJ.2020.9(4).244
Akhila Sabbineni
Glaucoma is an eye disorder that can damage the optic nerve. The optic nerve supplies visual information to your brain from the eyes. Glaucoma is usually, results of abnormally high pressure inside your eye. Over time, the increased pressure can erode optic nerve tissue, which may lead to vision loss or blindness. If it’s treated early, you may be able to prevent additional vision loss.
{"title":"A Short Note on Glaucoma","authors":"Akhila Sabbineni","doi":"10.37532/IOPJ.2020.9(4).244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37532/IOPJ.2020.9(4).244","url":null,"abstract":"Glaucoma is an eye disorder that can damage the optic nerve. The optic nerve supplies visual information to your brain from the eyes. Glaucoma is usually, results of abnormally high pressure inside your eye. Over time, the increased pressure can erode optic nerve tissue, which may lead to vision loss or blindness. If it’s treated early, you may be able to prevent additional vision loss.","PeriodicalId":89944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ophthalmic Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48232734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-30DOI: 10.37532/IOPJ.2020.9(4).247
Ramak Roohipoor, Mirataollah Salabati, M. Zarei, Nazanin Ebrahimiadib, M. Rajabi, H. R. Esfahani, Bahman Inanloo, Fatemeh Bazv
Methods: Patients with uveitis and vasculitis in at least one eye were included and compared with 50 eyes from healthy individuals. The OCTA was done for each patient and control subject. The images were analysed at three capillary plexuses layers (superficial and deep retinal capillary layers and choriocapillaris layer). contact lens was placed on the corneal surface. Corneal edema decreased gradually in one month post-operatively. Results: Fifty-five eyes from 28 patients were enrolled in the study. Studied eyes were categorized into 4 groups: 1-eyes with posterior vasculitis (38 eyes), 2-eyes with peripheral vasculitis without posterior vasculitis (7 eyes), 3-fellow uninvolved eyes of patients with unilateral vasculitis (10 eyes), and 4-eyes of healthy controls (50 eyes). The whole vascular density and parafoveal vascular density in both superficial and deep retinal capillary plexuses were reduced significantly from group 4 to group1. A decreasing trend in macular blood flow was also observed from group 4 followed by group 3, group 2 and group 1 in all three capillary layers including superficial retinal capillary plexus, deep retinal capillary plexus and choriocapillaris. By choosing the threshold of 26.2, the formula (-0.447×F1ch+75.82×VDdp) was the best model to differentiate the vasculitis group from the control group with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.979, the sensitivity of 98% and specificity of 92.3%. (F1ch: flow in the central 1mm-radius-circle of the choriocapillaris, and VDdp: vascular density of parafoveal in the deep capillary network). Conclusion: In patients with vasculitis, especially in the cases with posterior pole involvement, OCTA showed reduced vascular density and flow in all three capillary layers. OCTA might be a helpful tool to give us additional information about the macular microvasculature changes under inflammatory conditions.
{"title":"Quantitative Measurement of Vascular Density and Flow Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Patients with Vasculitis; Can OCTA detect the vasculitis?","authors":"Ramak Roohipoor, Mirataollah Salabati, M. Zarei, Nazanin Ebrahimiadib, M. Rajabi, H. R. Esfahani, Bahman Inanloo, Fatemeh Bazv","doi":"10.37532/IOPJ.2020.9(4).247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37532/IOPJ.2020.9(4).247","url":null,"abstract":"Methods: Patients with uveitis and vasculitis in at least one eye were included and compared with 50 eyes from healthy individuals. The OCTA was done for each patient and control subject. The images were analysed at three capillary plexuses layers (superficial and deep retinal capillary layers and choriocapillaris layer). contact lens was placed on the corneal surface. Corneal edema decreased gradually in one month post-operatively. Results: Fifty-five eyes from 28 patients were enrolled in the study. Studied eyes were categorized into 4 groups: 1-eyes with posterior vasculitis (38 eyes), 2-eyes with peripheral vasculitis without posterior vasculitis (7 eyes), 3-fellow uninvolved eyes of patients with unilateral vasculitis (10 eyes), and 4-eyes of healthy controls (50 eyes). The whole vascular density and parafoveal vascular density in both superficial and deep retinal capillary plexuses were reduced significantly from group 4 to group1. A decreasing trend in macular blood flow was also observed from group 4 followed by group 3, group 2 and group 1 in all three capillary layers including superficial retinal capillary plexus, deep retinal capillary plexus and choriocapillaris. By choosing the threshold of 26.2, the formula (-0.447×F1ch+75.82×VDdp) was the best model to differentiate the vasculitis group from the control group with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.979, the sensitivity of 98% and specificity of 92.3%. (F1ch: flow in the central 1mm-radius-circle of the choriocapillaris, and VDdp: vascular density of parafoveal in the deep capillary network). Conclusion: In patients with vasculitis, especially in the cases with posterior pole involvement, OCTA showed reduced vascular density and flow in all three capillary layers. OCTA might be a helpful tool to give us additional information about the macular microvasculature changes under inflammatory conditions.","PeriodicalId":89944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ophthalmic Pathology","volume":"2020 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42284758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-29DOI: 10.37532/IOPJ.2020.9(4).245
S. Noman
Purpose: To document and describe clinical manifestations and management approaches to patients diagnosed with Iridocorneal Endothelial (ICE) syndrome presenting at the Glaucoma Department, Chittagong Eye Infirmary and Training Complex, Chittagong, Bangladesh. Design: A hospital-based prospective observational case series review. Participants: 25 patients who were diagnosed as ICE syndrome from November 2007 to October 2009. Method: Patient particulars, history with main causes of hospital presentations were recorded. Ophthalmic examination details including tonometry, slit lamp examination, gonioscopy, indirect ophthalmoscopy, visual fluid examination and management given were documented. Similar relevant details were recorded for three follow up periods on all patients extending over a total period of 12 months. Main outcome measure: Significant observations, pattern or associations within the cohort. Results: 25 patients were included in the study. There were 15 female and 10 male patients. All 25 cases were unilateral. The mean age of the patients was 41 ± 15.27 years. Among them 15(60%) had pre-treatment visual acuity between 6/9 – 6/18 and 10(40%) had 6/24 – 6/60). Improved visual acuity was observed one year after starting treatment. 21 patients (84%) presented with eccentric pupil (corectopia), 9 patients (36%) with peripheral anterior synechiae, 6 patients (32%) with iris atrophy, 6 patients (24%) with mild corneal oedema, 3 patients (12%) with ectropion uveae, 2 patients (8%) with polyconic and 11 patients (44%) presented with pigmentary changes over iris (like diffuse iris naevus). Mean IOP at presentation was 24.08 ±14.3 mmHg and that of last follow-up was 17.38 ± 7.57 mmHg. IOP was controlled with 2 – 3 topical anti glaucoma medications in 8 patients (32%); with only observation in 5 patients (20%) and with surgical intervention in 12 patients (48%). Conclusion: Although ICE syndrome is a refractory glaucoma, control of Intraocular Pressure (IOP) and preservation of visual acuity were seen in 52% of cases which had conservative management with topical medications and observation. Patients not responding to medical management needed surgery for the control of intraocular pressure.
{"title":"Iridocorneal Endothelial Syndrome Management is tough but Never Impossible. A Case Series Study","authors":"S. Noman","doi":"10.37532/IOPJ.2020.9(4).245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37532/IOPJ.2020.9(4).245","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To document and describe clinical manifestations and management approaches to patients diagnosed with Iridocorneal Endothelial (ICE) syndrome presenting at the Glaucoma Department, Chittagong Eye Infirmary and Training Complex, Chittagong, Bangladesh. Design: A hospital-based prospective observational case series review. Participants: 25 patients who were diagnosed as ICE syndrome from November 2007 to October 2009. Method: Patient particulars, history with main causes of hospital presentations were recorded. Ophthalmic examination details including tonometry, slit lamp examination, gonioscopy, indirect ophthalmoscopy, visual fluid examination and management given were documented. Similar relevant details were recorded for three follow up periods on all patients extending over a total period of 12 months. Main outcome measure: Significant observations, pattern or associations within the cohort. Results: 25 patients were included in the study. There were 15 female and 10 male patients. All 25 cases were unilateral. The mean age of the patients was 41 ± 15.27 years. Among them 15(60%) had pre-treatment visual acuity between 6/9 – 6/18 and 10(40%) had 6/24 – 6/60). Improved visual acuity was observed one year after starting treatment. 21 patients (84%) presented with eccentric pupil (corectopia), 9 patients (36%) with peripheral anterior synechiae, 6 patients (32%) with iris atrophy, 6 patients (24%) with mild corneal oedema, 3 patients (12%) with ectropion uveae, 2 patients (8%) with polyconic and 11 patients (44%) presented with pigmentary changes over iris (like diffuse iris naevus). Mean IOP at presentation was 24.08 ±14.3 mmHg and that of last follow-up was 17.38 ± 7.57 mmHg. IOP was controlled with 2 – 3 topical anti glaucoma medications in 8 patients (32%); with only observation in 5 patients (20%) and with surgical intervention in 12 patients (48%). Conclusion: Although ICE syndrome is a refractory glaucoma, control of Intraocular Pressure (IOP) and preservation of visual acuity were seen in 52% of cases which had conservative management with topical medications and observation. Patients not responding to medical management needed surgery for the control of intraocular pressure.","PeriodicalId":89944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ophthalmic Pathology","volume":"2020 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47874084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-29DOI: 10.37532/IOPJ.2020.9(4).243
Akhila Sabbineni
Ophthalmology is that the study of medical conditions regarding the eye. Ophthalmologists are doctors specialized in the medical and surgical operation of the eye. A general observe doctor could refer somebody to associate oculist if they show symptoms of cataracts, eye infections, cranial nerve issues, or different eye conditions. In this article, we glance at what ophthalmologists do, as well as the categories of conditions that they treat, the procedures they perform, and once someone would possibly see this specialist. Share on Pinter Esan oculist could treat cataracts, eye infections, and cranial nerve issues. An oculist may be a medical doctor World Health Organization makes a specialty of identification and treating eye related conditions.
{"title":"Short Note on Ophthalmology","authors":"Akhila Sabbineni","doi":"10.37532/IOPJ.2020.9(4).243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37532/IOPJ.2020.9(4).243","url":null,"abstract":"Ophthalmology is that the study of medical conditions regarding the eye. Ophthalmologists are doctors specialized in the medical and surgical operation of the eye. A general observe doctor could refer somebody to associate oculist if they show symptoms of cataracts, eye infections, cranial nerve issues, or different eye conditions. In this article, we glance at what ophthalmologists do, as well as the categories of conditions that they treat, the procedures they perform, and once someone would possibly see this specialist. Share on Pinter Esan oculist could treat cataracts, eye infections, and cranial nerve issues. An oculist may be a medical doctor World Health Organization makes a specialty of identification and treating eye related conditions.","PeriodicalId":89944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ophthalmic Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47206308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-04DOI: 10.37532/IOPJ.2020.9(2).236
Adam Cywiński
The paper presents own results of surgical treatment of a full thickness macular hole in eyes, where age-related macular degenerative changes of the “dry” type were also found. The use of conventional surgical technique has resulted in a favourable anatomical and functional effect. An idiopathic, full thickness macular hole accompanied by dry changes of age-related macular degeneration should be treated in the same way as a typical macular hole without macular degeneration.
{"title":"Surgery of an Idiopathic Macular Hole in the Eyes Accompanied by Dry, Age Related Macular Degeneration Own Results","authors":"Adam Cywiński","doi":"10.37532/IOPJ.2020.9(2).236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37532/IOPJ.2020.9(2).236","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents own results of surgical treatment of a full thickness macular hole in eyes, where age-related macular degenerative changes of the “dry” type were also found. The use of conventional surgical technique has resulted in a favourable anatomical and functional effect. An idiopathic, full thickness macular hole accompanied by dry changes of age-related macular degeneration should be treated in the same way as a typical macular hole without macular degeneration.","PeriodicalId":89944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ophthalmic Pathology","volume":"2020 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42612693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-03DOI: 10.37532/IOPJ.2020.9(3).240
Akhila Sabbineni
Crossed eyes, also called strabismus, it is a condition in which your eyes do not line up. If you have crossed eyes, your eyes look in different directions. And each eye will focus on a two different object. The condition is usually common in children, but it can also occur later in life. In older people, children and adults, crossed e yes can be caused by a variety of underlying medical conditions, like cerebral palsy or stroke. Crossed eyes can usually be treated with corrective lenses, surgery, or a combination of both. If you have strabismus, your eyes might point inward or outward o r focus on different directions. You might also have impaired vision, double vision, decreased depth perception, eyestrain, or headache.
{"title":"Short Note on Crossed Eyes","authors":"Akhila Sabbineni","doi":"10.37532/IOPJ.2020.9(3).240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37532/IOPJ.2020.9(3).240","url":null,"abstract":"Crossed eyes, also called strabismus, it is a condition in which your eyes do not line up. If you have crossed eyes, your eyes look in different directions. And each eye will focus on a two different object. The condition is usually common in children, but it can also occur later in life. In older people, children and adults, crossed e yes can be caused by a variety of underlying medical conditions, like cerebral palsy or stroke. Crossed eyes can usually be treated with corrective lenses, surgery, or a combination of both. If you have strabismus, your eyes might point inward or outward o r focus on different directions. You might also have impaired vision, double vision, decreased depth perception, eyestrain, or headache.","PeriodicalId":89944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ophthalmic Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43892419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-03DOI: 10.37532/IOPJ.2020.9(3).242
Akhila Sabbineni
The tears in eyes make do much more than your sorrow when you cry. These glands produce a constant supply of liquid. Your eyes should always be moist. Whenever you blink, the action drags tear along the surface of your eye. This keeps it wet, clean, and healthy. If your glands do not produce enough tears, you can get a condition called aqueous tear-deficient dry eye. It causes pain in eye, redness, and vision loss problems.
{"title":"Editorial Note on Tear-Deficient Dry Eye","authors":"Akhila Sabbineni","doi":"10.37532/IOPJ.2020.9(3).242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37532/IOPJ.2020.9(3).242","url":null,"abstract":"The tears in eyes make do much more than your sorrow when you cry. These glands produce a constant supply of liquid. Your eyes should always be moist. Whenever you blink, the action drags tear along the surface of your eye. This keeps it wet, clean, and healthy. If your glands do not produce enough tears, you can get a condition called aqueous tear-deficient dry eye. It causes pain in eye, redness, and vision loss problems.","PeriodicalId":89944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ophthalmic Pathology","volume":"2020 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42847197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-03DOI: 10.37532/IOPJ.2020.9(3).239
Akhila Sabbineni
Cataract is a cloudy area which forms in the lens of the eyes. Cataract usually begins when protein in the eye forms clumps and prevents the lens from sending clear images to retina. Retina usually works by converting the light that comes from lens into signals. It sends the signals to optic nerve and sends to brain and slowly interfere with vision and develops Cataract. Slowly in both eyes. But it will not affect both eyes at a time. Generally, Cataract are most common in older people. a medical condition in which the lens of the eye are not able to see, resulting in blurred vision. "she had cataracts in both eyes". Most cataracts develop in older people or injury changes the tissue that makes up your eye's lens. Some inherited genetic disorders cause other health problems which can increase the risk of cataracts. Cataracts can also be caused by other eye conditions, past eye surgery or medical conditions such as diabetes. Cataract leads to blindness when untreated.
{"title":"Short Note on Cataract","authors":"Akhila Sabbineni","doi":"10.37532/IOPJ.2020.9(3).239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37532/IOPJ.2020.9(3).239","url":null,"abstract":"Cataract is a cloudy area which forms in the lens of the eyes. Cataract usually begins when protein in the eye forms clumps and prevents the lens from sending clear images to retina. Retina usually works by converting the light that comes from lens into signals. It sends the signals to optic nerve and sends to brain and slowly interfere with vision and develops Cataract. Slowly in both eyes. But it will not affect both eyes at a time. Generally, Cataract are most common in older people. a medical condition in which the lens of the eye are not able to see, resulting in blurred vision. \"she had cataracts in both eyes\". Most cataracts develop in older people or injury changes the tissue that makes up your eye's lens. Some inherited genetic disorders cause other health problems which can increase the risk of cataracts. Cataracts can also be caused by other eye conditions, past eye surgery or medical conditions such as diabetes. Cataract leads to blindness when untreated.","PeriodicalId":89944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ophthalmic Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48787895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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