Background: Nosocomial infections are among the most common causes of hospital-associated mortality. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of nosocomial infections. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 66,691 patients hospitalized in Imam Reza Hospital of Kermanshah, Iran, during 2019 - 2020. The data collection tool was a researcher-made checklist, and the data were analyzed with SPSS software version 24 after obtaining permission. Results: The overall prevalence of nosocomial infections was 3.3% (2.9% and 3.9% in 2019 and 2020, respectively). Among people with hospital infections in 2019, 53.5% were men, 31.3% were under 45, and 42% were hospitalized in the intensive care unit. The highest hospital infection was urinary (38.5%), followed by surgical site infection (25.1%). In addition, 46.4% of women, 69.2% of people over 45 years old, and 45% of people in 2020 were hospitalized in the intensive care unit, who mostly suffered from urinary infections (39.7%) and blood infections (14.2%). Conclusions: Based on the results, hospital infection was higher in men and people over 45. The special care department had the highest prevalence among the hospital infections, the frequency of urinary infections, and among the hospital departments. The prevalence of nosocomial infections in Imam Reza Hospital was higher than in other hospitals in Iran. The health protocol at Imam Reza Hospital should be prepared and adjusted under the low-prevalence hospitals in the province.
{"title":"The Prevalence of Nosocomial Infections in Imam Reza Hospital of Kermanshah, Iran, During 2019 - 2020","authors":"Alireza Janbakhsh, Armin Naghipour, Zeinab Mohseni Afshar, Marjan Balvandi, Zahra Naghibifar","doi":"10.5812/jkums-138126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jkums-138126","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Nosocomial infections are among the most common causes of hospital-associated mortality. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of nosocomial infections. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 66,691 patients hospitalized in Imam Reza Hospital of Kermanshah, Iran, during 2019 - 2020. The data collection tool was a researcher-made checklist, and the data were analyzed with SPSS software version 24 after obtaining permission. Results: The overall prevalence of nosocomial infections was 3.3% (2.9% and 3.9% in 2019 and 2020, respectively). Among people with hospital infections in 2019, 53.5% were men, 31.3% were under 45, and 42% were hospitalized in the intensive care unit. The highest hospital infection was urinary (38.5%), followed by surgical site infection (25.1%). In addition, 46.4% of women, 69.2% of people over 45 years old, and 45% of people in 2020 were hospitalized in the intensive care unit, who mostly suffered from urinary infections (39.7%) and blood infections (14.2%). Conclusions: Based on the results, hospital infection was higher in men and people over 45. The special care department had the highest prevalence among the hospital infections, the frequency of urinary infections, and among the hospital departments. The prevalence of nosocomial infections in Imam Reza Hospital was higher than in other hospitals in Iran. The health protocol at Imam Reza Hospital should be prepared and adjusted under the low-prevalence hospitals in the province.","PeriodicalId":16201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135407288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Deaths occur frequently in intensive care units (ICUs), especially in older adults, and healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs) can increase mortality risk in this age range. Identifying the underlying factors that lead to HCAI is crucial for preventing and mitigating the risk of premature deaths. Objectives: This study aimed to identify predictors of in-ICU mortality among older adult patients with HCAI. Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted in two general hospitals in Tehran, Iran, where 461 individuals aged 60 years and older were meticulously observed over a 6-month in March 2021. Mortality was considered the outcome, and the Apache II questionnaire, the frailty index, and demographic information were completed. The data were analyzed using binary logistic regression with a significance level of P < 0.05. Results: Older adult patients with HCAI had a 77% death rate out of 461 eligible individuals. Half of HCAIs were reported as ventilator-associated pneumonia. The most significant death percentages were observed in Klebsiella (37%) and Acinetobacter (21%). Ventilator-associated pneumonia (OR = 50.90, CI = 1.22 - 214.95), frailty status (OR = 45.94, CI = 17.51 - 120.52), COVID-19 (OR = 2.87, CI = 1.24 - 6.66), Apache-II (OR = 1.192, CI = 1.13 - 1.25) and length of hospital stays (OR = 1.05, CI = 1.02 - 1.07) significantly predicted mortality in older adult patients with HCAI. Conclusions: The mortality of older adults with HCAI is affected by factors such as Ventilator-associated pneumonia, frailty, COVID-19, disease severity, and length of hospital stay. Identifying risk factors for mortality is helpful for treatment planning, resource allocation, and identifying at-risk patients.
背景:重症监护病房(icu)经常发生死亡，尤其是老年人，医疗保健相关感染(HCAIs)可增加该年龄段的死亡风险。确定导致卫生保健人工智能的潜在因素对于预防和减轻过早死亡风险至关重要。目的:本研究旨在确定老年HCAI患者icu内死亡率的预测因素。方法:这项前瞻性队列研究在伊朗德黑兰的两家综合医院进行，于2021年3月对461名60岁及以上的个体进行了为期6个月的仔细观察。死亡率被认为是结果，并完成Apache II问卷、虚弱指数和人口统计信息。数据分析采用二元logistic回归，显著性水平为P <0.05. 结果:461例符合条件的老年HCAI患者死亡率为77%。半数hcai报告为呼吸机相关性肺炎。致死率最高的是克雷伯菌(37%)和不动杆菌(21%)。呼吸机相关肺炎(OR = 50.90, CI = 1.22 ~ 214.95)、虚弱状态(OR = 45.94, CI = 17.51 ~ 120.52)、COVID-19 (OR = 2.87, CI = 1.24 ~ 6.66)、Apache-II (OR = 1.192, CI = 1.13 ~ 1.25)和住院时间(OR = 1.05, CI = 1.02 ~ 1.07)显著预测老年HCAI患者的死亡率。结论:老年人HCAI的死亡率受呼吸机相关性肺炎、虚弱、COVID-19、疾病严重程度和住院时间等因素的影响。确定死亡率的危险因素有助于制定治疗计划、资源分配和识别高危患者。
{"title":"Predictors of in-ICU Mortality among Older Patients with Healthcare-Associated Infection: A Cohort Study","authors":"Fereshteh Rezaie, Farahnaz Mohammadi-Shahboulaghi, Reza Fadayevatan, Mohsen Shati, Gholamreza Ghaedamini Harouni","doi":"10.5812/jkums-139129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jkums-139129","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Deaths occur frequently in intensive care units (ICUs), especially in older adults, and healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs) can increase mortality risk in this age range. Identifying the underlying factors that lead to HCAI is crucial for preventing and mitigating the risk of premature deaths. Objectives: This study aimed to identify predictors of in-ICU mortality among older adult patients with HCAI. Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted in two general hospitals in Tehran, Iran, where 461 individuals aged 60 years and older were meticulously observed over a 6-month in March 2021. Mortality was considered the outcome, and the Apache II questionnaire, the frailty index, and demographic information were completed. The data were analyzed using binary logistic regression with a significance level of P < 0.05. Results: Older adult patients with HCAI had a 77% death rate out of 461 eligible individuals. Half of HCAIs were reported as ventilator-associated pneumonia. The most significant death percentages were observed in Klebsiella (37%) and Acinetobacter (21%). Ventilator-associated pneumonia (OR = 50.90, CI = 1.22 - 214.95), frailty status (OR = 45.94, CI = 17.51 - 120.52), COVID-19 (OR = 2.87, CI = 1.24 - 6.66), Apache-II (OR = 1.192, CI = 1.13 - 1.25) and length of hospital stays (OR = 1.05, CI = 1.02 - 1.07) significantly predicted mortality in older adult patients with HCAI. Conclusions: The mortality of older adults with HCAI is affected by factors such as Ventilator-associated pneumonia, frailty, COVID-19, disease severity, and length of hospital stay. Identifying risk factors for mortality is helpful for treatment planning, resource allocation, and identifying at-risk patients.","PeriodicalId":16201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136342889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Challenges of Emerging Opiate Analgesics in Iran","authors":"Mehran Rostami, Mohammad Jalilian","doi":"10.5812/jkums-139757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jkums-139757","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":16201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84740881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elahe Sepehrian, Amjad Mohammadi Bolbanabad, P. Taymoori, A. Fallahi
Background: Identifying factors associated with willingness to receive a booster dose of COVID-19 vaccines and risk communication are essential to control the pandemic. Objectives: The study aimed to evaluate the relationship between risk communication and willingness to receive booster doses of COVID-19 vaccines. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 746 over 18 years old adults in Kermanshah, Iran, on October 2022 using random cluster sampling from 396,000 members of the general population who had not received a COVID-19 booster dose. Required data were collected using an online questionnaire from people who met the study requirements and analyzed via SPSS software version 22. Results: A total of 746 participants were between the ages of 40 and 59, 374.0% had a history of underlying disease, and 61.9% received two doses of the Sinopharm vaccine. About 36.3% were willing to accept booster dosages, and men, older adults, and those with underlying diseases were more likely to receive booster vaccinations. The most influential sources of information were social networks and television. There was a positive and significant correlation between risk communication and willingness to receive booster vaccine doses (P > 0.05). The average risk communication scores were higher among those more likely to receive a booster dose. Conclusions: Health policymakers should pay more attention to risk communication in designing multi-component interventions and producing appropriate and authentic content in social networks to increase the general population’s acceptance of vaccine booster doses.
{"title":"The Relationship between Risk Communication and Willingness to Receive Booster Doses of COVID-19 Vaccines","authors":"Elahe Sepehrian, Amjad Mohammadi Bolbanabad, P. Taymoori, A. Fallahi","doi":"10.5812/jkums-138320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jkums-138320","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Identifying factors associated with willingness to receive a booster dose of COVID-19 vaccines and risk communication are essential to control the pandemic. Objectives: The study aimed to evaluate the relationship between risk communication and willingness to receive booster doses of COVID-19 vaccines. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 746 over 18 years old adults in Kermanshah, Iran, on October 2022 using random cluster sampling from 396,000 members of the general population who had not received a COVID-19 booster dose. Required data were collected using an online questionnaire from people who met the study requirements and analyzed via SPSS software version 22. Results: A total of 746 participants were between the ages of 40 and 59, 374.0% had a history of underlying disease, and 61.9% received two doses of the Sinopharm vaccine. About 36.3% were willing to accept booster dosages, and men, older adults, and those with underlying diseases were more likely to receive booster vaccinations. The most influential sources of information were social networks and television. There was a positive and significant correlation between risk communication and willingness to receive booster vaccine doses (P > 0.05). The average risk communication scores were higher among those more likely to receive a booster dose. Conclusions: Health policymakers should pay more attention to risk communication in designing multi-component interventions and producing appropriate and authentic content in social networks to increase the general population’s acceptance of vaccine booster doses.","PeriodicalId":16201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85808103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Farshchian, Hanyieh Mohajerpour, Parisa Bahrami Kamangar
Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) can complicate pregnancy. Ultrasound examination of the fetal heart rate (FHR) is essential to routine pregnancy care. Several studies have reported the effect of GDM on FHR. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between FHR in the first trimester and GDM. Methods: This cohort study was conducted on 214 pregnant women in the first trimester. The FHR of all fetuses was measured once in the first and second trimesters after a glucose challenge test (GCT). Based on the GCT, all pregnant women were divided into two groups (GDM and healthy). The data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16 to investigate the relationship between GDM and the first-trimester FHR. Results: The mean FHR of the first trimester in GDM and healthy pregnant women was 164.38 ± 7.20 and 164.25 ± 7.43, respectively (P = 0.930). After GCT, the mean FHR in GDM and healthy pregnant women was 144.97 ± 7.60 and 146.65 ± 8.71, respectively (P = 0.326). The FHR in the first trimester and after GCT in GDM and healthy pregnant women were not significantly different. The logistic regression results showed that FHR cannot predict GDM. Conclusions: Based on the results, the fetus’s heart rate cannot be used to predict gestational diabetes.
{"title":"A Survey on the Relationship Between Fetal Heart Rate in the First Trimester and Gestational Diabetes","authors":"N. Farshchian, Hanyieh Mohajerpour, Parisa Bahrami Kamangar","doi":"10.5812/jkums-138671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jkums-138671","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) can complicate pregnancy. Ultrasound examination of the fetal heart rate (FHR) is essential to routine pregnancy care. Several studies have reported the effect of GDM on FHR. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between FHR in the first trimester and GDM. Methods: This cohort study was conducted on 214 pregnant women in the first trimester. The FHR of all fetuses was measured once in the first and second trimesters after a glucose challenge test (GCT). Based on the GCT, all pregnant women were divided into two groups (GDM and healthy). The data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16 to investigate the relationship between GDM and the first-trimester FHR. Results: The mean FHR of the first trimester in GDM and healthy pregnant women was 164.38 ± 7.20 and 164.25 ± 7.43, respectively (P = 0.930). After GCT, the mean FHR in GDM and healthy pregnant women was 144.97 ± 7.60 and 146.65 ± 8.71, respectively (P = 0.326). The FHR in the first trimester and after GCT in GDM and healthy pregnant women were not significantly different. The logistic regression results showed that FHR cannot predict GDM. Conclusions: Based on the results, the fetus’s heart rate cannot be used to predict gestational diabetes.","PeriodicalId":16201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80162700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Eating disorders (EDs) are characterized by severe difficulties with eating behavior and emotions, increasing among medical students. Objectives: Since social support can play a preventive role, this study aimed to evaluate the relationship between these conditions considering COVID-19-related anxiety. Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in 2022 at Alborz medical science university, Iran, on 282 medical students who were selected randomly. The Eating Attitude Test (EAT-26), Corona Disease Anxiety Scale (CDAS), and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) questionnaire were used to collect data. The chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were utilized via SPSS software version 23. The level of significance is below 0.05. Results: In this study, 153 (51.1%) participants were men. The average age (SD) of respondents was 22.06 (1.65). The prevalence of medical students was 17% at risk for eating disorders. Logistic regression indicated that a low level of perceived social support (OR, 14.91; 95% CI, 3.49 – 63.64), a moderate level of COVID-19-related anxiety (OR, 6.36; 95% CI, 2.96 – 13.63), being obese (OR, 6.31; 95% CI, 1.75 – 22.68), and being female (OR, 5.58; 95% CI, 2.13 – 14.62) were significantly related to being at risk of EDs. Conclusions: Based on the results, the high prevalence of tendency to eating disorders should be taken seriously among medical students. Strong evidence was provided regarding the need for screening and enhancing the perceived social support of medical students.
{"title":"Risk of Eating Disorders (EDs) among Iranian Medical Students: Perceived Social Support (PSS) and COVID-19-Related Anxiety","authors":"Milad Namjoo, Malihe Farid, Mahnaz Akbari Kamrani","doi":"10.5812/jkums-138068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jkums-138068","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Eating disorders (EDs) are characterized by severe difficulties with eating behavior and emotions, increasing among medical students. Objectives: Since social support can play a preventive role, this study aimed to evaluate the relationship between these conditions considering COVID-19-related anxiety. Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in 2022 at Alborz medical science university, Iran, on 282 medical students who were selected randomly. The Eating Attitude Test (EAT-26), Corona Disease Anxiety Scale (CDAS), and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) questionnaire were used to collect data. The chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were utilized via SPSS software version 23. The level of significance is below 0.05. Results: In this study, 153 (51.1%) participants were men. The average age (SD) of respondents was 22.06 (1.65). The prevalence of medical students was 17% at risk for eating disorders. Logistic regression indicated that a low level of perceived social support (OR, 14.91; 95% CI, 3.49 – 63.64), a moderate level of COVID-19-related anxiety (OR, 6.36; 95% CI, 2.96 – 13.63), being obese (OR, 6.31; 95% CI, 1.75 – 22.68), and being female (OR, 5.58; 95% CI, 2.13 – 14.62) were significantly related to being at risk of EDs. Conclusions: Based on the results, the high prevalence of tendency to eating disorders should be taken seriously among medical students. Strong evidence was provided regarding the need for screening and enhancing the perceived social support of medical students.","PeriodicalId":16201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences","volume":"327 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77638358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maliheh Khalvati, Ramezan Ali Ghaderi Sanavi, Parviz Marouzi, Vahid Rashedi, Marjan Haghi, Ronak Ghafori, Fereshteh Rezaie, Ayoub Nafei
Background: Aging is often defined as a reduction in productivity, ability, and independence. A crucial step in combating ageism is to thoroughly categorize the scale of ageism through appropriate psychometric methods. Therefore, Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the ageism scale of Vefikuluçay Yilmaz and Terzioglu. Methods: This descriptive and psychometric study was conducted on 230 (13 - 63) individuals in the fall of 2021 in Tehran, Iran, who were selected by convenient method. Construct validity was performed by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis after the face and content validity. The tool reliability was also examined by the internal consistency and reliability method. Results: Content validity indicators for the whole questionnaire were content validity ratio (CVR) = 0.72 and content validity index (CVI) = 0.64. The KMO test rate was 0.835, and Bartlett’s test was also significant (df = 253, P < 0.001). Four factors were extracted from the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, including "dignity of older adults in the family," "restriction of older adults," "social presence," and "characteristics of older adults," which explained 30.57% of the total variance of ageism. The tool’s reliability was obtained using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.72 and intra-cluster correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.94. In addition, the measurement model in confirmatory factor analysis had a moderate fit (root-mean-square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.081, comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.610, goodness of fit (GFI) = 0.850). Conclusions: The Persian version of the ageism scale of Vefikuluçay Yilmaz and Terzioglu had acceptable validity and reliability in the Iranian population, and it is a tool for measuring people’s attitudes toward the phenomenon of aging.
{"title":"Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of the Ageism Scale","authors":"Maliheh Khalvati, Ramezan Ali Ghaderi Sanavi, Parviz Marouzi, Vahid Rashedi, Marjan Haghi, Ronak Ghafori, Fereshteh Rezaie, Ayoub Nafei","doi":"10.5812/jkums-138794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jkums-138794","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Aging is often defined as a reduction in productivity, ability, and independence. A crucial step in combating ageism is to thoroughly categorize the scale of ageism through appropriate psychometric methods. Therefore, Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the ageism scale of Vefikuluçay Yilmaz and Terzioglu. Methods: This descriptive and psychometric study was conducted on 230 (13 - 63) individuals in the fall of 2021 in Tehran, Iran, who were selected by convenient method. Construct validity was performed by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis after the face and content validity. The tool reliability was also examined by the internal consistency and reliability method. Results: Content validity indicators for the whole questionnaire were content validity ratio (CVR) = 0.72 and content validity index (CVI) = 0.64. The KMO test rate was 0.835, and Bartlett’s test was also significant (df = 253, P < 0.001). Four factors were extracted from the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, including \"dignity of older adults in the family,\" \"restriction of older adults,\" \"social presence,\" and \"characteristics of older adults,\" which explained 30.57% of the total variance of ageism. The tool’s reliability was obtained using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.72 and intra-cluster correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.94. In addition, the measurement model in confirmatory factor analysis had a moderate fit (root-mean-square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.081, comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.610, goodness of fit (GFI) = 0.850). Conclusions: The Persian version of the ageism scale of Vefikuluçay Yilmaz and Terzioglu had acceptable validity and reliability in the Iranian population, and it is a tool for measuring people’s attitudes toward the phenomenon of aging.","PeriodicalId":16201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134950157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Ebrahimi, M. Montazeri, Maryam Kabootari, Saeid Amirkhanlou
Background: Secondary hyperparathyroidism is prevalent among hemodialysis patients associated with vascular and skeletal complications. Thus, treatment is required, specially before kidney transplantation. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of calcitriol and cinacalcet versus standard-dose calcitriol in treating severe secondary hyperparathyroidism in hemodialysis patients. Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 70 hemodialysis patients with severe secondary hyperparathyroidism who were randomly allocated to two intervention groups. Group A received calcitriol 1mg PO every other night, and group B took calcitriol 1mg PO every other night and cinacalcet 30mg PO daily. The improvement of laboratory parameters was investigated 3 and 6 months after the intervention. Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding age, sex, body mass index, and duration of dialysis (P > 0.05). In group A, serum levels of calcium (P < 0.001) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) (P < 0.001) were significantly reduced compared to baseline. However, phosphorus (P = 0.175) and albumin (P = 0.143) serum levels showed no significant changes. In group B, calcium (P = 0.001), PTH (P < 0.001), and serum phosphorus (P < 0.001) levels were significantly decreased after the intervention. Nevertheless, serum albumin levels showed no significant changes from baseline (P = 0.061). Changes in serum phosphorus (P < 0.001) and PTH levels (P < 0.001) were significantly different between the groups. However, changes in serum calcium (P = 0.062) and albumin levels (P = 0.773) were not significantly different (Wilcoxon signed-rank test). Conclusions: The results of this study showed that treatment with cinacalcet and calcitriol was more effective than calcitriol alone without any side effects.
{"title":"Calcitriol versus Calcitriol and Low Dose Cinacalcet for Treating Severe Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in Hemodialysis Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial","authors":"S. Ebrahimi, M. Montazeri, Maryam Kabootari, Saeid Amirkhanlou","doi":"10.5812/jkums-134173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jkums-134173","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Secondary hyperparathyroidism is prevalent among hemodialysis patients associated with vascular and skeletal complications. Thus, treatment is required, specially before kidney transplantation. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of calcitriol and cinacalcet versus standard-dose calcitriol in treating severe secondary hyperparathyroidism in hemodialysis patients. Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 70 hemodialysis patients with severe secondary hyperparathyroidism who were randomly allocated to two intervention groups. Group A received calcitriol 1mg PO every other night, and group B took calcitriol 1mg PO every other night and cinacalcet 30mg PO daily. The improvement of laboratory parameters was investigated 3 and 6 months after the intervention. Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding age, sex, body mass index, and duration of dialysis (P > 0.05). In group A, serum levels of calcium (P < 0.001) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) (P < 0.001) were significantly reduced compared to baseline. However, phosphorus (P = 0.175) and albumin (P = 0.143) serum levels showed no significant changes. In group B, calcium (P = 0.001), PTH (P < 0.001), and serum phosphorus (P < 0.001) levels were significantly decreased after the intervention. Nevertheless, serum albumin levels showed no significant changes from baseline (P = 0.061). Changes in serum phosphorus (P < 0.001) and PTH levels (P < 0.001) were significantly different between the groups. However, changes in serum calcium (P = 0.062) and albumin levels (P = 0.773) were not significantly different (Wilcoxon signed-rank test). Conclusions: The results of this study showed that treatment with cinacalcet and calcitriol was more effective than calcitriol alone without any side effects.","PeriodicalId":16201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78280672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Lotfi, N. Behpoor, Mehrali Rahimi, Afshar Jafari
Background: Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disease with many consequences. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the separate and combined effects of resistance training and cucumber (Cucumis sativus) juice consumption on diabetic indicators and lipid profiles in women with type 2 diabetes. Methods: Women with type 2 diabetes (n = 40) were assessed in a randomized, double-blind study and categorized into four groups: (training + placebo), (training + supplement), supplement, and control. Blood sampling was performed 48 hours before and after the protocol, and blood indicators were evaluated to compare their changes among groups. One-way ANOVA statistical tests and Tukey’s post hoc test were used to compare groups. Results: The results indicated that separate resistance training significantly decreased fasting blood sugar (FBS), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), while high-density lipoprotein (HDL) significantly increased. Cucumber juice consumption significantly reduced FBS, HbA1c, TG, TC, and LDL, while HDL significantly increased (P < 0.05). Combined resistance training and consuming cucumber juice caused a more significant decrease in (FBS, HbA1c, TG, TC, and LDL), and HDL increased significantly (P < 0.05). Intergroup changes in (FBS, TG, TC, LDL) was significant (P < 0.05). Intergroup changes in (HbA1c and HDL) were significant (P < 0.05). However, differences in (HbA1c and HDL) between training and supplement groups were not significant (P ≥ 0.05). Conclusions: Separate and combined effects of resistance training and cucumber juice consumption improved diabetic indicators and lipid profile in women with type 2 diabetes.
{"title":"Separate and Combined Effects of Resistance Training and Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) Juice Consumption on the Diabetic Indicators and Lipid Profile in Women with Type 2 Diabetes","authors":"M. Lotfi, N. Behpoor, Mehrali Rahimi, Afshar Jafari","doi":"10.5812/jkums-137856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jkums-137856","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disease with many consequences. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the separate and combined effects of resistance training and cucumber (Cucumis sativus) juice consumption on diabetic indicators and lipid profiles in women with type 2 diabetes. Methods: Women with type 2 diabetes (n = 40) were assessed in a randomized, double-blind study and categorized into four groups: (training + placebo), (training + supplement), supplement, and control. Blood sampling was performed 48 hours before and after the protocol, and blood indicators were evaluated to compare their changes among groups. One-way ANOVA statistical tests and Tukey’s post hoc test were used to compare groups. Results: The results indicated that separate resistance training significantly decreased fasting blood sugar (FBS), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), while high-density lipoprotein (HDL) significantly increased. Cucumber juice consumption significantly reduced FBS, HbA1c, TG, TC, and LDL, while HDL significantly increased (P < 0.05). Combined resistance training and consuming cucumber juice caused a more significant decrease in (FBS, HbA1c, TG, TC, and LDL), and HDL increased significantly (P < 0.05). Intergroup changes in (FBS, TG, TC, LDL) was significant (P < 0.05). Intergroup changes in (HbA1c and HDL) were significant (P < 0.05). However, differences in (HbA1c and HDL) between training and supplement groups were not significant (P ≥ 0.05). Conclusions: Separate and combined effects of resistance training and cucumber juice consumption improved diabetic indicators and lipid profile in women with type 2 diabetes.","PeriodicalId":16201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85777992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Oligohydramnios is a common problem in pregnancy that requires therapeutic measures in addition to managing the underlying cause. Objectives: This study aimed to assess sildenafil citrate’s impact on the amniotic fluid index in pregnant women with oligohydramnios and borderline oligohydramnios. Methods: Women with a singleton pregnancy, oligohydramnios, and gestational age of 24 to 36 weeks were included. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. The intervention group also received 50 mg of sildenafil citrate every 8 hours and 3 liters of isotonic solution per day. In the control group, a placebo was given along with hydration therapy, similar to the intervention groups. The amount of amniotic fluid was reassessed one week and two weeks after treatment. Weekly measurements of amniotic fluid volume, biophysical profile, and non-stress test were used twice a week for fetal monitoring. This study analyzed the data using SPSS version 23 with a significance threshold of P ≤ 0.05. Results: Finally, there was a substantial change in the amniotic fluid level between the basic and end of the second week (P ≤ 0.05). There was no apparent distinction between the two groups regarding pharmaceutical side effects or the consequences of pregnancy. Conclusions: Sildenafil citrate enhanced amniotic fluid production, although no significant issues were seen for the mother or fetus.
背景:羊水过少是妊娠期常见的问题，除了控制根本原因外，还需要采取治疗措施。目的:本研究旨在评估枸橼酸西地那非对羊水过少和边缘性羊水过少孕妇羊水指数的影响。方法:纳入单胎妊娠、羊水过少、胎龄24 ~ 36周的妇女。患者随机分为两组。干预组每8小时给予枸橼酸西地那非50毫克，每天给予等渗溶液3升。在对照组中，与干预组类似，在给予水合疗法的同时给予安慰剂。治疗后1周和2周复查羊水量。每周测量羊水容量、生物物理特征和非应激试验，每周两次用于胎儿监测。本研究使用SPSS version 23对数据进行分析，显著性阈值为P≤0.05。结果:最后，羊水水平在第2周初至第2周末有明显变化(P≤0.05)。在药物副作用或妊娠后果方面，两组之间没有明显的区别。结论:枸橼酸西地那非增加羊水的产生，虽然没有明显的问题，看到对母亲或胎儿。
{"title":"The Effect of Sildenafil Citrate on Improving Amniotic Fluid Index in Pregnant Women with Oligohydramnios and Borderline Oligohydramnios: A Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"S. Nasrolahi, E. Talebi-Ghane, Leila Torkashvand","doi":"10.5812/jkums-135045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jkums-135045","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Oligohydramnios is a common problem in pregnancy that requires therapeutic measures in addition to managing the underlying cause. Objectives: This study aimed to assess sildenafil citrate’s impact on the amniotic fluid index in pregnant women with oligohydramnios and borderline oligohydramnios. Methods: Women with a singleton pregnancy, oligohydramnios, and gestational age of 24 to 36 weeks were included. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. The intervention group also received 50 mg of sildenafil citrate every 8 hours and 3 liters of isotonic solution per day. In the control group, a placebo was given along with hydration therapy, similar to the intervention groups. The amount of amniotic fluid was reassessed one week and two weeks after treatment. Weekly measurements of amniotic fluid volume, biophysical profile, and non-stress test were used twice a week for fetal monitoring. This study analyzed the data using SPSS version 23 with a significance threshold of P ≤ 0.05. Results: Finally, there was a substantial change in the amniotic fluid level between the basic and end of the second week (P ≤ 0.05). There was no apparent distinction between the two groups regarding pharmaceutical side effects or the consequences of pregnancy. Conclusions: Sildenafil citrate enhanced amniotic fluid production, although no significant issues were seen for the mother or fetus.","PeriodicalId":16201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences","volume":"30 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78625789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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