Pub Date : 2022-11-10DOI: 10.29121/ijoest.v6.i5.2022.393
R. A. Bakoban, Eman A. Faraj, Najwa S. Alsulami
In this paper, we refer to the new distribution an alpha power Lomax distribution. Various properties of the proposed distribution are obtained including mode, quantiles, entropies, and order statistics are obtained. Parameters of the proposed distribution are estimated using maximum likelihood, ordinary least squares and weighted least squares. Simulation study is conducted to compare between estimators.
{"title":"A STUDY ON ALPHA POWER LOMAX DISTRIBUTION","authors":"R. A. Bakoban, Eman A. Faraj, Najwa S. Alsulami","doi":"10.29121/ijoest.v6.i5.2022.393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29121/ijoest.v6.i5.2022.393","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we refer to the new distribution an alpha power Lomax distribution. Various properties of the proposed distribution are obtained including mode, quantiles, entropies, and order statistics are obtained. Parameters of the proposed distribution are estimated using maximum likelihood, ordinary least squares and weighted least squares. Simulation study is conducted to compare between estimators.","PeriodicalId":331301,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Science Technologies","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124207898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-20DOI: 10.29121/ijoest.v6.i5.2022.400
Vasantha Vinayakamoorthi, Saravanamutthu Jeyarajah, J. Suresh, Niroshanth Sathasivam
This study analysis forecasting the bitcoin exchange rate against the USD. The dataset selected for this study starts from January 2015 to June 2022. This study's methodology uses autoregressive integrated moving average forecasting (ARIMA). The overall outcomes of this study were gathered from the statistical software Minitab 21.1. The Box Jenkins approaches are also used to predict the best model. To determine the ARIMA model parameter, this study did autocorrelation function (ACF) and partial autocorrelation function (PACF) analyses. According to the Box-Cox transformation method, log transformation was selected. The outcome demonstrates that the seasonal with the regular difference in the Bitcoin exchange rate against the USD is a stationary data series. The forecasting model used in this study is ARIMA (1,1,0) (2,1,1)12. This predicted model is identified through the Mean squared error by comparing the other guessing ARIMA models. After the prediction, 5 Month bitcoin exchange rate against the USD. Investors will be able to estimate the bitcoin exchange rate against the USD with the use of this information, but volatility must also be properly watched. This will aid investors in making better investment decisions and increase profits. In future studies, better consider another exchange rate of BTC and software experts will develop such type of software based on ARIMA models for prediction.
{"title":"ARIMA MODEL FOR FORECASTING THE BITCOIN EXCHANGE RATE AGAINST THE USD","authors":"Vasantha Vinayakamoorthi, Saravanamutthu Jeyarajah, J. Suresh, Niroshanth Sathasivam","doi":"10.29121/ijoest.v6.i5.2022.400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29121/ijoest.v6.i5.2022.400","url":null,"abstract":"This study analysis forecasting the bitcoin exchange rate against the USD. The dataset selected for this study starts from January 2015 to June 2022. This study's methodology uses autoregressive integrated moving average forecasting (ARIMA). The overall outcomes of this study were gathered from the statistical software Minitab 21.1. The Box Jenkins approaches are also used to predict the best model. To determine the ARIMA model parameter, this study did autocorrelation function (ACF) and partial autocorrelation function (PACF) analyses. According to the Box-Cox transformation method, log transformation was selected. The outcome demonstrates that the seasonal with the regular difference in the Bitcoin exchange rate against the USD is a stationary data series. The forecasting model used in this study is ARIMA (1,1,0) (2,1,1)12. This predicted model is identified through the Mean squared error by comparing the other guessing ARIMA models. After the prediction, 5 Month bitcoin exchange rate against the USD. Investors will be able to estimate the bitcoin exchange rate against the USD with the use of this information, but volatility must also be properly watched. This will aid investors in making better investment decisions and increase profits. In future studies, better consider another exchange rate of BTC and software experts will develop such type of software based on ARIMA models for prediction.","PeriodicalId":331301,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Science Technologies","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115406228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-17DOI: 10.29121/ijoest.v6.i5.2022.397
N. Saxena, Dr. Neha Sharma
In India tomatoes are broadly vegetable crop. However, the tropical environment is ideal for tomato plant growth, specific climatic conditions and other factors influence tomato plant growth. Aside from these environmental factors and natural disasters, plant disease is a serious agricultural production issue that causes economic loss. As an outcome, early illness detection may produce better results than existing detection methods. As a result, deep learning approaches based on computer vision might be used to detect diseases early. The disease categorization and detection strategies used to identify tomato leaf diseases are thoroughly examined in this study. This study also discusses the benefits and drawbacks of the approaches presented. After all, using a hybrid deep-learning architecture, this study provides an early disease detection method for tomato leaf disease.
{"title":"IDENTIFICATION OF TOMATO LEAF DISEASE PREDICTION USING CNN","authors":"N. Saxena, Dr. Neha Sharma","doi":"10.29121/ijoest.v6.i5.2022.397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29121/ijoest.v6.i5.2022.397","url":null,"abstract":"In India tomatoes are broadly vegetable crop. However, the tropical environment is ideal for tomato plant growth, specific climatic conditions and other factors influence tomato plant growth. Aside from these environmental factors and natural disasters, plant disease is a serious agricultural production issue that causes economic loss. As an outcome, early illness detection may produce better results than existing detection methods. As a result, deep learning approaches based on computer vision might be used to detect diseases early. The disease categorization and detection strategies used to identify tomato leaf diseases are thoroughly examined in this study. This study also discusses the benefits and drawbacks of the approaches presented. After all, using a hybrid deep-learning architecture, this study provides an early disease detection method for tomato leaf disease.","PeriodicalId":331301,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Science Technologies","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116993397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-10DOI: 10.29121/ijoest.v6.i5.2022.403
Zarana Mehta, Ravi Gor
In a global supply chain consisting of one retailer and one manufacturer, both from specific countries, when there is a time lag between the payments made whilst placing the order and the time when the order is realized, threat in the form of exchange rate fluctuation influences the optimal pricing and order quantity decisions. We explain the effect of exchange rate fluctuation underneath Gamma distribution when the retailer or producer undertakes to share the exchange rate risk and the demand error is modelled in the multiplicative form in the news vendor framework.
{"title":"EXCHANGE RATE RISK IN A NEWSVENDOR FRAMEWORK UNDER A GAMMA- DISTRIBUTED EXCHANGE RATE ERROR AND ISOELASTIC DEMAND","authors":"Zarana Mehta, Ravi Gor","doi":"10.29121/ijoest.v6.i5.2022.403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29121/ijoest.v6.i5.2022.403","url":null,"abstract":"In a global supply chain consisting of one retailer and one manufacturer, both from specific countries, when there is a time lag between the payments made whilst placing the order and the time when the order is realized, threat in the form of exchange rate fluctuation influences the optimal pricing and order quantity decisions. We explain the effect of exchange rate fluctuation underneath Gamma distribution when the retailer or producer undertakes to share the exchange rate risk and the demand error is modelled in the multiplicative form in the news vendor framework.","PeriodicalId":331301,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Science Technologies","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130836961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-08DOI: 10.29121/ijoest.v6.i5.2022.402
G. Mahata, D. Raut, C. Parida, S. Baral, S. Mandangi
This study introduced real life application of first order differential equation. In this paper We basically discussed about different types of differential equation and the solution of first order differential equation and application of first order differential equation in different field of science and technology. Further, Newton’s law of cooling and orthogonal trajectory has been incorporated. Study about convective boundary condition and it is used for increasing the temperature.
{"title":"APPLICATION OF FIRST-ORDER DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS","authors":"G. Mahata, D. Raut, C. Parida, S. Baral, S. Mandangi","doi":"10.29121/ijoest.v6.i5.2022.402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29121/ijoest.v6.i5.2022.402","url":null,"abstract":"This study introduced real life application of first order differential equation. In this paper We basically discussed about different types of differential equation and the solution of first order differential equation and application of first order differential equation in different field of science and technology. Further, Newton’s law of cooling and orthogonal trajectory has been incorporated. Study about convective boundary condition and it is used for increasing the temperature.","PeriodicalId":331301,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Science Technologies","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128594097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-13DOI: 10.29121/ijoest.v6.i5.2022.390
Srushti Gandhi, Ravi Gor
In the world of rapid evolution of exchanging digital data, data security is essential to protect data from the unauthorized parities. With the broad use of digital images of various fields, it is important to preserve the confidentiality of image’s data from any unauthorized access. Cryptography is a technique that assists in the development of such algorithms for security purpose. In this paper, key is generated using a random number generator based on Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR) and Laplace Transformation.
{"title":"DIGITAL IMAGE ENCRYPTION USING LAPLACE TRANSFORM AND LFSR","authors":"Srushti Gandhi, Ravi Gor","doi":"10.29121/ijoest.v6.i5.2022.390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29121/ijoest.v6.i5.2022.390","url":null,"abstract":"In the world of rapid evolution of exchanging digital data, data security is essential to protect data from the unauthorized parities. With the broad use of digital images of various fields, it is important to preserve the confidentiality of image’s data from any unauthorized access. Cryptography is a technique that assists in the development of such algorithms for security purpose. In this paper, key is generated using a random number generator based on Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR) and Laplace Transformation.","PeriodicalId":331301,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Science Technologies","volume":"242 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129805997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-19DOI: 10.29121/ijoest.v6.i4.2022.368
Waindim Yisa Tufion Albert, Gundu David T., A. A., A. Kuhe
The use of petro-lubricants in metal forming leads to lamination of oxide on the extrudates due to temperature increase and reaction of the base metal with some elements in the lubricant, hence resulting poor surface quality of the end product. The non-biodegradability of these lubricants also leads to environmental pollution. Although De-oiled Jatropha Caked has been volarised for so many applications, with some oil left in the cake it can still be employed for use in other applications. In this paper a bio-solid lubricant is formulated from Black soap (Toilet soap-vegetable oil-based) as base and De-oiled Jatropha cake as additive. Jatropha seeds were processed to ≤ 0.5 um particles size powder and de-oiled using Soxhlet apparatus. Black soap and de-oiled Jatropha cake was then mixed in ratios: 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40 and 50:50. Each of these was further mixed with de-ionized lukewarm water in ratio 50:50 by weight to produce solid lubricant blends B1, B2, B3, B4 and B5, respectively. Each of the Black soap-enriched solid lubricant blends were then used to test for coefficient of friction on mirrored surface prepared aluminum specimens using Ball-on-disc Tribometer. The solid lubricant blends were again used to conduct Extrusion tests on Ø25.4 mm by 25.4mm aluminum alloy billets in direct cold extrusion process on a 2000 KN capacity UT CO821 machine. The results showed blend B3 (70:30) recording the minimum coefficient of friction and extrusion force values μ=0.732 and 170.53KN, respectively. These results reveal that enriched solid lubricant B3 (70:30) is most suitable for aluminum alloys extrusion.
{"title":"PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF BLACK SOAP (TOILET SOAP) BLENDED WITH DE-OILED JATROPHA CAKE ADDITIVE AS SOLID LUBRICANT IN DIRECT COLD EXTRUSION OF ALUMINIUM ALLOYS","authors":"Waindim Yisa Tufion Albert, Gundu David T., A. A., A. Kuhe","doi":"10.29121/ijoest.v6.i4.2022.368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29121/ijoest.v6.i4.2022.368","url":null,"abstract":"The use of petro-lubricants in metal forming leads to lamination of oxide on the extrudates due to temperature increase and reaction of the base metal with some elements in the lubricant, hence resulting poor surface quality of the end product. The non-biodegradability of these lubricants also leads to environmental pollution. Although De-oiled Jatropha Caked has been volarised for so many applications, with some oil left in the cake it can still be employed for use in other applications. In this paper a bio-solid lubricant is formulated from Black soap (Toilet soap-vegetable oil-based) as base and De-oiled Jatropha cake as additive. Jatropha seeds were processed to ≤ 0.5 um particles size powder and de-oiled using Soxhlet apparatus. Black soap and de-oiled Jatropha cake was then mixed in ratios: 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40 and 50:50. Each of these was further mixed with de-ionized lukewarm water in ratio 50:50 by weight to produce solid lubricant blends B1, B2, B3, B4 and B5, respectively. Each of the Black soap-enriched solid lubricant blends were then used to test for coefficient of friction on mirrored surface prepared aluminum specimens using Ball-on-disc Tribometer. The solid lubricant blends were again used to conduct Extrusion tests on Ø25.4 mm by 25.4mm aluminum alloy billets in direct cold extrusion process on a 2000 KN capacity UT CO821 machine. The results showed blend B3 (70:30) recording the minimum coefficient of friction and extrusion force values μ=0.732 and 170.53KN, respectively. These results reveal that enriched solid lubricant B3 (70:30) is most suitable for aluminum alloys extrusion.","PeriodicalId":331301,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Science Technologies","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127486650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.29121/ijoest.v6.i4.2022.364
T. Yoshimura, Seijiro Fujinaga, Masataka Ijiri
The viscoelastic properties of polyamide 11 samples were modified by subjecting these specimens to multifunction cavitation within a magnetic field, using a device equipped with a 0.1 mm water jet nozzle. During these trials, a magnetic field was applied to the entire water jet stream while varying the distance between the nozzle and the specimen. The effects of various processing conditions were assessed by monitoring the removal of ink applied to sample surfaces. The results obtained using this technique with and without a magnetic field were also evaluated.
{"title":"MODIFYING RESIN VISCOELASTICITY BY MULTIFUNCTION CAVITATION PROCESSING IN A MAGNETIC FIELD","authors":"T. Yoshimura, Seijiro Fujinaga, Masataka Ijiri","doi":"10.29121/ijoest.v6.i4.2022.364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29121/ijoest.v6.i4.2022.364","url":null,"abstract":"The viscoelastic properties of polyamide 11 samples were modified by subjecting these specimens to multifunction cavitation within a magnetic field, using a device equipped with a 0.1 mm water jet nozzle. During these trials, a magnetic field was applied to the entire water jet stream while varying the distance between the nozzle and the specimen. The effects of various processing conditions were assessed by monitoring the removal of ink applied to sample surfaces. The results obtained using this technique with and without a magnetic field were also evaluated.","PeriodicalId":331301,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Science Technologies","volume":"95 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120842272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-23DOI: 10.29121/ijoest.v6.i4.2022.351
Srushti Gandhi, Ravi Gor
In this world of hasty evolution of exchanging digital data, data protection is essential to keep the data safe from the unauthorized parities. With the broad use of digital images of various fields, it is important to preserve the confidentiality for the data of an image from any unauthorized access. In this paper, the keys are generated using a random number generator which is based on Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR). The encryption/decryption is based on Rivest–Shamir–Adleman (RSA) with the random key generator.
{"title":"DIGITAL IMAGE ENCRYPTION USING RSA AND LFSR","authors":"Srushti Gandhi, Ravi Gor","doi":"10.29121/ijoest.v6.i4.2022.351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29121/ijoest.v6.i4.2022.351","url":null,"abstract":"In this world of hasty evolution of exchanging digital data, data protection is essential to keep the data safe from the unauthorized parities. With the broad use of digital images of various fields, it is important to preserve the confidentiality for the data of an image from any unauthorized access. In this paper, the keys are generated using a random number generator which is based on Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR). The encryption/decryption is based on Rivest–Shamir–Adleman (RSA) with the random key generator.","PeriodicalId":331301,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Science Technologies","volume":"35 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114126221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-20DOI: 10.29121/ijoest.v6.i4.2022.359
Imo-Owo Ehibor, A. C. Tse
The Geotechnical properties of soils in Uyo town were analysed to determine the bearing capacity and develop maps for shallow and deep foundation designs, which may serve as field models, for the planning of site investigation programmes for foundation purposes. Eleven boreholes were drilled to a maximum depth of 20 meters each across Uyo town. Standard penetration tests and cone penetration tests were also carried out on the field. Soil samples were retrieved during the field investigation for various laboratory tests including liquid limits, plastic limit, bulk density, shear strength and particle size distribution. The general soil profile consists of silty clays, sandy clays and sand from top to bottom. The silty clays are firm, low compressibility clays with liquid limit and plastic limit percentages between 32%-45% and 10%-45% respectively, cohesion averages of 4˚ to 12˚ and angles of internal friction between 48KN/m2-68KN/m2. Ultimate bearing capacities of this horizon range from 354.6kN/m2 to 866.7kN/m2.The sandy clays are also firm, low to intermediate plasticity clays with liquid limit and plasticity indexes of 29% - 42% and 9%-15% respectively. Their cohesion averages range between 50KN/m2-65KN/m2 and angles of internal friction between 6˚-12˚. The ultimate bearing capacities of this clay range from 482.5KN/m2 to 906.2KN/m2. The sand is a poorly graded, medium dense sand with standard penetration test N-values between 8 to 23. Pile bearing capacities of the sand gave ultimate and allowable bearing capacities between 10262.9KN-11510.2KN and 4105.2KN-4604.1KN respectively. The sand substratum is a suitable termination depth for piles.
{"title":"BEARING CAPACITY ANALYSIS OF SUBSOILS, FOR SHALLOW AND DEEP FOUNDATION IN UYO TOWN, EASTERN NIGER DELTA, NIGERIA.","authors":"Imo-Owo Ehibor, A. C. Tse","doi":"10.29121/ijoest.v6.i4.2022.359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29121/ijoest.v6.i4.2022.359","url":null,"abstract":"The Geotechnical properties of soils in Uyo town were analysed to determine the bearing capacity and develop maps for shallow and deep foundation designs, which may serve as field models, for the planning of site investigation programmes for foundation purposes. Eleven boreholes were drilled to a maximum depth of 20 meters each across Uyo town. Standard penetration tests and cone penetration tests were also carried out on the field. Soil samples were retrieved during the field investigation for various laboratory tests including liquid limits, plastic limit, bulk density, shear strength and particle size distribution. The general soil profile consists of silty clays, sandy clays and sand from top to bottom. The silty clays are firm, low compressibility clays with liquid limit and plastic limit percentages between 32%-45% and 10%-45% respectively, cohesion averages of 4˚ to 12˚ and angles of internal friction between 48KN/m2-68KN/m2. Ultimate bearing capacities of this horizon range from 354.6kN/m2 to 866.7kN/m2.The sandy clays are also firm, low to intermediate plasticity clays with liquid limit and plasticity indexes of 29% - 42% and 9%-15% respectively. Their cohesion averages range between 50KN/m2-65KN/m2 and angles of internal friction between 6˚-12˚. The ultimate bearing capacities of this clay range from 482.5KN/m2 to 906.2KN/m2. The sand is a poorly graded, medium dense sand with standard penetration test N-values between 8 to 23. Pile bearing capacities of the sand gave ultimate and allowable bearing capacities between 10262.9KN-11510.2KN and 4105.2KN-4604.1KN respectively. The sand substratum is a suitable termination depth for piles.","PeriodicalId":331301,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Science Technologies","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124985123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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