Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects最新文献_第4页

Controlled hydrothermal decoration of α-MnO2 on TiO2 nanotubes for enhanced visible-light degradation of diazinon α-MnO2在TiO2纳米管上的水热修饰增强了重氮肼的可见光降解

IF 5.45 Q1 Physics and Astronomy

Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2026.101673

Tanti Haryati , Herlina Nur Hanifah , Muhammad Reza , Agus Wedi Pratama , Holilah , Novita Andarini , Suwardiyanto

This study presents the controlled hydrothermal decoration of α-MnO₂ onto TiO₂ nanotubes (TNTs) and evaluates the resulting nanocomposites for visible-light photodegradation of diazinon. Nanocomposites containing 0–25 wt% MnO₂ were successfully synthesized as a well-defined two-phase system comprising anatase TiO₂ and tetragonal α-MnO₂, as confirmed by X-ray diffraction. SEM/TEM analyses verified that the TiO₂ retains its tubular morphology, while α-MnO₂ (∼48 nm) is uniformly anchored on the nanotube surfaces (outer diameter ∼8 nm). The incorporation of MnO₂ significantly modified the electronic structure of TNTs, narrowing the band gap from 3.20 eV to 1.56–2.16 eV and enhancing visible-light absorption. A strong structure–property relationship was established, with the 10 wt% MnO₂/TNTs sample exhibiting the highest specific surface area (176.68 m²/g) and the most efficient photocatalytic activity, achieving 78.61% diazinon removal, significantly outperforming pristine TNTs and physical mixture controls under identical conditions. The performance enhancement is associated with improved charge separation and reinforced redox capability arising from interfacial interactions between α-MnO₂ and the TNT framework. Based on band-edge alignment and photodegradation behavior, a proposed direct Z-scheme charge-transfer pathway is suggested to account for the enhanced visible-light activity of the optimized nanocomposite. To the best of our knowledge, this work represents the first demonstration of α-MnO₂–modified TiO₂ nanotubes for the visible-light-driven degradation of diazinon at low concentrations.

本文研究了α-MnO2在TiO2纳米管（TNTs）上的可控水热修饰，并评价了所得到的纳米复合材料在可见光下降解重氮肼的性能。通过x射线衍射证实，纳米复合材料的MnO2质量分数为0-25 wt%，是由锐钛矿型TiO2和正方α-MnO2组成的两相体系。SEM/TEM分析证实，TiO2保持了其管状形态，而α-MnO2（~ 48 nm）均匀地锚定在纳米管表面（外径~ 8 nm）。MnO2的掺入显著地改变了tnt的电子结构，将带隙从3.20 eV缩小到1.56-2.16 eV，增强了可见光吸收。在相同条件下，10 wt% MnO2/ tnt样品具有最高的比表面积（176.68 m2/g）和最有效的光催化活性，达到78.61%的重氮化氮，显著优于原始tnt和物理混合物对照。性能的增强与α-MnO2与TNT骨架之间的界面相互作用引起的电荷分离和氧化还原能力的增强有关。基于带边对准和光降解行为，提出了一种直接Z-scheme电荷转移途径来解释优化后的纳米复合材料的可见光活性增强。据我们所知，这项工作首次证明了α- mno2修饰的TiO2纳米管在可见光下降解低浓度的二嗪农酯。

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引用次数: 0

Ag-modified sodium-containing anatase-bronze TiO2: Structural and interfacial electronic characteristics ag修饰的含钠锐钛矿青铜TiO2：结构和界面电子特性

IF 5.45 Q1 Physics and Astronomy

Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2026.101660

Saim A. Khatri , Sunil H. Chaki , Sagnik Mukherjee , Abhijit Ray , Anjali B. Thakkar , Parth Thakor , Sandip V. Bhatt

Mixed-phase anatase-bronze TiO₂ nanostructures containing sodium (Na) are synthesized via alkaline co-precipitation, followed by surface modification with silver (Ag) nanoparticles through chemical reduction. X-ray diffraction confirmed the coexistence of tetragonal anatase and monoclinic TiO₂(Bronze) phases without detectable secondary impurities. Phase composition analysis indicated approximately 59% anatase and 41% bronze content. Raman spectroscopy further supported the biphasic structure and revealed vibrational features consistent with monoclinic lattice distortion. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the presence of Na species in the material and indicated electronic interaction between Ag species and the TiO₂ surface through binding energy shifts in the Ti 2p and Ag 3d regions. Williamson–Hall analysis revealed compressive lattice strain associated with phase coexistence. Nitrogen adsorption measurements showed low specific surface areas (27–33 m² g⁻¹) and Type III isotherm behavior, suggesting weak adsorbate-surface interaction. Ag surface modification resulted in a measurable redshift in the optical absorption edge, with apparent band gap values decreasing from 2.97 eV to 2.76 eV. The observed optical modulation is attributed to interfacial interaction and plasmonic absorption from dispersed Ag nanoparticles. A photodegradation study on methylene blue using visible-light is used as an indicator reaction, while the pseudo first-order rate constant is raised from 0.1136 h⁻¹ to 0.2456 h⁻¹ through Ag surface modification. Adsorbed CO₂ analysis indicates a higher amount of adsorption of CO₂ on MP–TiO₂ than on Ag–MP–TiO₂ for the same surface area and pore volume values, confirming partial blockage of Ti-O adsorption sites by Ag. A preliminary evaluation of cytotoxicity on A549 cells has found that IC₅₀ is lower in the case of Ag–MP–TiO₂ (39.48 ± 0.35 µg mL⁻¹) than in the case of MP–TiO₂ (48.71 ± 0.42 µg mL⁻¹).

采用碱共沉淀法合成了含钠（Na）的锐钛矿-青铜混合相TiO2纳米结构，并通过化学还原法制备银（Ag）纳米粒子对其表面进行修饰。x射线衍射证实了四方锐钛矿和单斜TiO2（青铜）相共存，没有检测到二次杂质。相组成分析表明，其锐钛矿含量约为59%，青铜含量为41%。拉曼光谱进一步支持了双相结构，并揭示了与单斜晶格畸变一致的振动特征。x射线光电子能谱证实了材料中Na的存在，并通过ti2p和ag3d区域的结合能位移表明Ag与TiO2表面之间存在电子相互作用。Williamson-Hall分析显示压缩晶格应变与相共存有关。氮吸附测量显示低比表面积（27-33 m2 g−1）和III型等温线行为，表明弱吸附表面相互作用。Ag表面修饰导致光学吸收边缘有可测量的红移，视带隙值从2.97 eV降低到2.76 eV。观察到的光学调制归因于界面相互作用和分散银纳米粒子的等离子体吸收。以可见光为指示反应进行亚甲基蓝的光降解研究，通过对Ag表面进行修饰，将亚甲基蓝的准一级反应速率常数从0.1136 h−1提高到0.2456 h−1。吸附CO2分析表明，在相同的表面积和孔体积值下，MP-TiO2上的CO2吸收量高于Ag - MP-TiO2上的吸收量，证实了Ag对Ti-O吸附位点的部分阻断。对A549细胞的初步细胞毒性评价发现，Ag-MP-TiO2的IC50（39.48 ± 0.35 µg mL−1）低于MP-TiO2的IC50（48.71 ± 0.42 µg mL−1）。

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引用次数: 0

Bridging the gap in nanomedicine: Translational challenges and innovations in stimuli-responsive nanocarriers 弥合纳米医学的差距：刺激反应性纳米载体的转化挑战和创新

IF 5.45 Q1 Physics and Astronomy

Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2026.101652

Sandip Bhoi , Gautam Ramraje , Nitin Ahire , Vikas Patil

Stimuli-responsive nanocarriers are innovative platforms for targeted drug delivery. This comprehensive review synthesizes the recent advances from 2020 to 2025. Endogenous triggers, including acidic tumor pH, elevated intracellular glutathione levels, overexpressed enzymes, and hypoxia, facilitate the precise release of drugs into the disease microenvironment. In contrast, exogenous stimuli, such as near-infrared (NIR) light, magnetic fields, ultrasound, and mild hyperthermia, provide non-invasive external control. Published in vivo studies (2020–2025) have reported that multi-stimuli-responsive systems achieve enhanced tumor accumulation, deep tissue penetration, and synergistic effects when combined with immunotherapy or photothermal ablation. Despite substantial preclinical evidence, clinical translation remains limited, with only a few candidates (ThermoDox®, Doxil®, Onivyde®, NanoTherm®) in trials or approved, primarily due to the "valley of death," a convergence of challenges including the protein corona and immunogenicity at the bio-nano interface, scalability constraints, manufacturing reproducibility, and complex regulatory pathways for combination products. Emerging strategies to overcome these barriers include biomimetic coatings, artificial intelligence (AI)-driven material design, and patient-stratified diagnostics for the selection of responsive systems. A pragmatic translational roadmap requires standardized characterization protocols, large-animal efficacy studies, stability-release balance optimization, and early regulatory engagement to harmonize quality standards. Future nanomedicines are projected to integrate feedback-controlled release, personalized biomarker-guided selection, and closed-loop systems, positioning stimuli-responsive nanocarriers as cornerstone technologies for precision medicine and improved therapeutic outcomes across oncology, inflammatory diseases, and infection management.

刺激反应性纳米载体是靶向药物递送的创新平台。这篇全面的综述综合了2020年至2025年的最新进展。内源性触发因素，包括肿瘤酸性pH值、细胞内谷胱甘肽水平升高、酶过表达和缺氧，促进药物精确释放到疾病微环境中。相比之下，外源性刺激，如近红外（NIR）光、磁场、超声波和轻度热疗，提供了非侵入性的外部控制。已发表的体内研究（2020-2025）报道，当与免疫治疗或光热消融联合使用时，多刺激反应系统可增强肿瘤积累、深部组织渗透和协同效应。尽管有大量的临床前证据，但临床转化仍然有限，只有少数候选药物（ThermoDox®，Doxil®，Onivyde®，NanoTherm®）正在试验或批准，主要是由于“死亡之谷”的挑战，包括蛋白质冠和生物纳米界面的免疫原性，可扩展性限制，制造可重复性以及组合产品的复杂调节途径。克服这些障碍的新兴策略包括仿生涂层、人工智能（AI）驱动的材料设计以及用于选择响应系统的患者分层诊断。一个实用的转化路线图需要标准化的表征协议、大型动物功效研究、稳定性释放平衡优化和早期监管参与来协调质量标准。未来的纳米药物预计将整合反馈控制释放、个性化生物标志物引导选择和闭环系统，将刺激反应性纳米载体定位为精准医疗的基础技术，并改善肿瘤、炎症性疾病和感染管理的治疗效果。

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引用次数: 0

Aspergillus flavus mediated green synthesis of niobium (V) oxide nanoparticles: Structural and surface characterization 黄曲霉介导的氧化铌纳米颗粒的绿色合成：结构和表面表征

IF 5.45 Q1 Physics and Astronomy

Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2026.101682

Angélica Ribeiro Soares , Gabriel de Oliveira Rodrigues , Giovani Pavoski , Luciana Gimenes Jandelli , Denise Crocce Romano Espinosa , Jorge Alberto Soares Tenório , Marcela dos Passos Galluzzi Baltazar

The green synthesis method for producing nanoparticles has gained increasing global interest because of its environmentally friendly approach, which avoids the use of harmful chemicals. Fungi are especially useful in this process because they produce metabolic compounds and proteins that act as natural reducing and stabilizing agents. While niobium nanoparticles are mainly created through chemical synthesis for various high-tech uses, recent studies have shifted focus toward biogenic methods. This research aimed to produce niobium oxide nanoparticles using the fungus Aspergillus flavus. The nanoparticles were extensively analyzed using techniques such as ATR-FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), particle size analysis, zeta potential measurement, and nitrogen physisorption with BET methods. The study also examined the effects of calcination on the nanoparticle samples, followed by further analysis with XRD. Results revealed organic compounds on the nanoparticle surfaces, suggesting their role as possible capping agents. This was further confirmed by SEM-EDX analysis. To the best of current knowledge, this is the first report documenting the biosynthesis of niobium nanoparticles using fungal organisms. This biologically driven method offers a low-impact way to produce nanomaterials, with potential applications in catalysis, biomedical technologies, and supporting sustainable engineering solutions and resource-efficient processes.

生产纳米颗粒的绿色合成方法由于其避免使用有害化学物质的环保方法而引起了越来越多的全球关注。真菌在这个过程中特别有用，因为它们产生代谢化合物和蛋白质，作为天然的还原和稳定剂。虽然纳米铌主要通过化学合成用于各种高科技用途，但最近的研究已将重点转向生物合成方法。本研究旨在利用黄曲霉生产氧化铌纳米颗粒。利用ATR-FTIR光谱、x射线衍射（XRD）、热重分析（TGA）、扫描电子显微镜结合能量色散x射线光谱（SEM-EDX）、粒度分析、zeta电位测量和BET法氮物理吸附等技术对纳米颗粒进行了广泛的分析。研究还考察了煅烧对纳米颗粒样品的影响，随后用XRD进行了进一步分析。结果显示，纳米颗粒表面存在有机化合物，表明它们可能是封盖剂。SEM-EDX分析进一步证实了这一点。就目前所知，这是第一份记录利用真菌生物合成铌纳米粒子的报告。这种生物驱动的方法提供了一种低影响的方法来生产纳米材料，在催化、生物医学技术、支持可持续工程解决方案和资源高效过程中具有潜在的应用前景。

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引用次数: 0

Targeting dysregulated signaling cascades in breast cancer: Advances in nanocarrier-based formulation strategies for precision therapy 靶向乳腺癌中失调的信号级联：基于纳米载体的精确治疗配方策略的进展

IF 5.45 Q1 Physics and Astronomy

Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2026.101711

Suchita Waghmare , Rohini Palekar , Pratiksha Bramhe , Nilesh Rarokar , Pramod Khedekar

Despite advances in therapy, breast cancer remains one of the leading causes of death among women, generally caused by dysregulation of critical signaling pathways, including PI3K/Akt/mTOR, MAPK/ERK, JAK/STAT, NF-κB, and Wnt/β-catenin. Targeted therapies have improved outcomes but suffer from their limited efficacy due to drug resistance, systemic toxicity, and poor pharmacokinetics. Nanocarrier technologies, including liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, lipid-based systems, and bioinspired hybrids, enable the combination of molecular pathway targeting with controlled and targeted drug delivery. This review underscores how nanocarrier-based drugs control oncogenic cascades in breast cancer and how they can surpass therapeutic resistance and enhance precision therapy. There is evidence that nanocarriers increase pathway inhibitor solubility and stability and accumulate them in the tumor, leading to prolonged inhibition of proliferative signaling while minimizing toxicity. Dual or multidrug systems co-targeting PI3K/mTOR–NF-κB or STAT3–β-catenin exhibit synergistic antitumor activity, while stimuli-responsive, ligand-addressed, and AI-optimized nanocarriers enable targeted release and adaptive functionality. Bioinspired platforms add further biocompatibility and immune evasion. Translational improvements are substantiated by preclinical pharmacodynamics experiments and early clinical trials, but large-scale manufacture and regulatory standardization are challenges. Pathway-directed nanomedicine is a step towards precision oncology, integrating molecular pharmacology with intelligent formulation design to provide stable, patient-customized regulation of cancer signaling networks and improved clinical efficacy.

尽管治疗取得了进展，但乳腺癌仍然是女性死亡的主要原因之一，通常由关键信号通路失调引起，包括PI3K/Akt/mTOR、MAPK/ERK、JAK/STAT、NF-κB和Wnt/β-catenin。靶向治疗改善了预后，但由于耐药、全身毒性和药代动力学差，其疗效有限。纳米载体技术，包括脂质体、聚合纳米颗粒、树状大分子、基于脂质的系统和生物激发的杂交体，使分子途径靶向与控制和靶向药物传递相结合。这篇综述强调了基于纳米载体的药物如何控制乳腺癌的致癌级联反应，以及它们如何超越治疗耐药性并提高精确治疗。有证据表明，纳米载体增加了途径抑制剂的溶解度和稳定性，并在肿瘤中积累，从而延长了对增殖信号的抑制，同时最小化了毒性。共同靶向PI3K/ mTOR-NF -κB或STAT3 -β-catenin的双药或多药系统具有协同抗肿瘤活性，而刺激响应性、配体寻址和人工智能优化的纳米载体则具有靶向释放和自适应功能。生物灵感平台增加了进一步的生物相容性和免疫逃避。临床前药效学实验和早期临床试验证实了转化的改进，但大规模生产和监管标准化是挑战。途径导向的纳米医学是向精准肿瘤学迈进的一步，它将分子药理学与智能配方设计相结合，提供稳定的、针对患者的肿瘤信号网络调控，提高临床疗效。

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引用次数: 0

Crystallographic impact on hydrolysis catalyst (pH) of Sol-gel derived polymorphs TiO2 nanocrystals 溶胶-凝胶衍生多晶TiO2纳米晶对水解催化剂（pH）的结晶学影响

IF 5.45 Q1 Physics and Astronomy

Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2026.101701

Md. Ashikur Rahaman , Md. Tarikul Islam , Gazi Md. Arifuzzaman Khan , Rahima Tanbin Tama , Shanawaz Ahmed , Aliza Rahman , Mist Toma Khatun , Md. Ashraful Alam

High-crystallinity anatase nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized using a scalable sol-gel route with tetraisopropyl orthotitanate (TIOT) as the precursor and isopropyl alcohol as the peptizing agent under controlled pH conditions of 4.0, 9.0 and 11.0. The X-ray diffraction analysis supported by Rietveld refinement revealed that the crystallographic properties of the NPs were strongly dependent on the synthesis pH. The sample prepared at pH 9.0 exhibited a single anatase phase with 100 % purity, an average crystallite size of 8.227 nm, a crystallinity index of 1.381 and the highest theoretically estimated specific surface area of 188.988 m²/g based on XRD-derived crystallite size. The optical band gap energies, estimated using Kubelka–Munk-based Tauc plots assuming indirect allowed transitions, were calculated to be 2.94 eV (pH 4.0), 2.73 eV (pH 9.0) and 3.12 eV (pH 11.0). TEM analysis of the optimized pH 9.0 sample confirmed well-dispersed nanoparticles with an average particle size of approximately 9.60 nm, while HR-TEM and SAED verified the anatase lattice structure. TEM-EDS analysis confirmed elemental purity with ∼62.0 % Ti and ∼38.0 % O. The pH 9.0 anatase demonstrated high photocatalytic efficiency, achieving 91.05 % degradation of crystal violet dye under halogen light irradiation. A comprehensive correlation between synthesis pH, crystallographic strain, lattice properties and photocatalytic activity was established through combined Rietveld refinement and TEM. The study establishes a systematic correlation between synthesis pH and provides deeper insight into the structure-property relationship governing controlled TiO₂ nanocrystals.

以正钛酸四异丙酯（TIOT）为前驱体，异丙醇为助剂，控制pH为4.0、9.0和11.0，采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了高结晶度锐钛矿纳米颗粒（NPs）。通过Rietveld细化的x射线衍射分析表明，NPs的晶体学性质与合成pH有很大的关系。在pH为9.0时制备的样品显示出纯度为100%的单一锐钛矿相，平均晶粒尺寸为8.227 nm，结晶度指数为1.381，根据xrd得出的晶粒尺寸，理论估计的最高比表面积为188.988 m²/g。利用基于kubelka - munk的Tauc图估计，假设间接允许跃迁，计算出的光学带隙能量为2.94 eV (pH 4.0), 2.73 eV （pH 9.0）和3.12 eV （pH 11.0）。对优化后的pH值为9.0的样品进行TEM分析，证实了纳米颗粒分散良好，平均粒径约为9.60 nm，而HR-TEM和SAED则证实了锐钛矿晶格结构。TEM-EDS分析证实元素纯度为~ 62.0% Ti和~ 38.0% o。pH为9.0的锐钛矿具有较高的光催化效率，在卤素光照射下对结晶紫染料的降解率达到91.05%。通过Rietveld细化和TEM相结合，建立了合成pH、晶体应变、晶格性质和光催化活性之间的综合相关性。该研究建立了合成pH之间的系统相关性，并对控制tio2纳米晶体的结构-性能关系提供了更深入的了解。

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引用次数: 0

"Effect on microstructure, dielectric, and Ku-band electromagnetic behaviour of “Ni²⁺-substituted Cd–Al spinel ferrites" 《Ni 2 +取代Cd-Al尖晶石铁氧体的微观结构、介电性能和ku波段电磁性能的影响》

IF 5.45 Q1 Physics and Astronomy

Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2026.101699

Shikhil S. Wanjari , Amit V. Gongal , Deoram V. Nandanwar , K.G. Rewatkar , Madhukar G. Dhonde , Satish G. Goswami , Ganesh C. Vandile , Aditya V. Tiwari

Ni_xCd_1-xAl_0.1Fe_1.9O₄ (NCAF) (x = 0.0–1.0) nanoferrites were synthesized via the sol–gel auto-combustion route and annealed at 800 °C to investigate the effect of Ni²⁺ substitution on microstructural and high-frequency electromagnetic properties. SEM analysis revealed a gradual reduction in grain size from 0.907 μm to 0.417 μm, while HR-TEM confirmed nanosized (29.7 nm) particles. Magnetic susceptibility (χ′_AC) increased with Ni²⁺ content, indicating improved magnetic response. In the Ku-band (12.4–18 GHz) demonstrated that Ni²⁺ substitution results in slight but systematic variations in dielectric (ε′: 3.70–3.08) and magnetic (μ′: 1.10–1.27) parameters. The dielectric response exhibits weak frequency dependence, while ε″ remains relatively low, indicating moderate dielectric loss. The AC conductivity follows a frequency-dependent trend associated with hopping conduction, and non-Debye relaxation behaviour (10⁻¹¹ s) is observed. The loss tangent shows peaks (0.33 at 13.5 GHz), reflecting combined dielectric and magnetic loss contributions. Reflection loss (RL) values ranging from −13.97 to −30.52 dB were obtained for thicknesses between 1–8 mm, with improved attenuation observed near 13–15 GHz. These results indicate that Ni²⁺ substitution enables tuning of electromagnetic parameters and attenuation behaviour within the Ku-band.

采用溶胶-凝胶自燃烧法合成nixcd1 - xal0.1 fe1.90 o4 (NCAF) （x = 0.0-1.0）纳米铁氧体，并在800℃下进行退火，研究Ni 2 +取代对纳米铁氧体微观结构和高频电磁性能的影响。SEM分析显示晶粒尺寸从0.907 μm逐渐减小到0.417 μm，而HR-TEM则证实了纳米尺寸（29.7 nm）的颗粒。磁化率（χ’AC）随着Ni 2 +含量的增加而增加，表明磁响应得到改善。在ku波段（12.4-18 GHz）中，Ni 2 +取代导致介电参数（ε′：3.70-3.08）和磁参数（μ′：1.10-1.27）发生轻微但系统的变化。介电响应表现出较弱的频率依赖性，而ε″相对较低，表明介电损耗适中。交流电导率遵循与跳变传导相关的频率依赖趋势，并且观察到非德拜弛豫行为（10⁻¹¹s）。损耗切线在13.5 GHz处出现峰值（0.33），反映了介电损耗和磁损耗的综合贡献。在1-8 mm厚度范围内，反射损耗（RL）值为−13.97 ~−30.52 dB，在13-15 GHz附近，衰减有所改善。这些结果表明，Ni 2 +替代可以调整电磁参数和ku波段内的衰减行为。

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引用次数: 0

Green synthesis and assessment of MnP, Mn-Er doped, and Mn-Er composite NPs from Parthenium hysterophorus flower extract: A study on the antimicrobial, photodegradation and antioxidant capacity Parthenium hysterophorus花提取物MnP、Mn-Er掺杂和Mn-Er复合NPs的绿色合成与评价：抗菌、光降解和抗氧化能力的研究

IF 5.45 Q1 Physics and Astronomy

Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2026.101679

Uday Singh Thakur , Kuldeep Kumar , Ashwani Kumar , Naveen Thakur

The objective of this study was to synthesize manganese (Mn) based nanoparticles (NPs) utilizing an economic, environmentally friendly and simple process. Pure manganese (MnP), erbium doped manganese (MnErD), and manganese- erbium composite (MnErC) NPs were synthesized using Parthenium hysterophorus L. flower extract. The synthesis was carried out using a waterbath maintained at 50 °C, without calcination or high temperature treatment. The structure, morphology and chemical composition of the NPs were assessed via XRD, SEM, TEM, EDX, FTIR, and XPS approaches. XRD confirmed NPs exhibited good crystallinity with sizes of 10–25 nm. The TEM and SEM images showed a mixture of elongated, spherical and rod-like structures. The rod shaped particles exhibited average length of 93 ± 2 nm and average radius of 7 nm. The calculated length to radius (aspect) ratio of these rods is approx 13 nm. A reduction in energy bandgap from 2.8 to 1.7 eV was observed with erbium doping. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated against E. coli (Gram negative bacteria), S. aureus and B. subtilis (Gram positive bacteria). Among all the above synthesised NPs, MnErC showed the strongest antibacterial performance mainly against E. coli. The antioxidant was activity evaluated using DPPH assay. MnErC NPs also showed maximum scavenging efficiency of 92.04%. In addition, MnErC NPs also showed superior photocatalytic degradation toward Malachite Green (97.35%), Bismarck Brown Y (97.29%), and Methylene Blue (96.59%) within 100 min under UV light. This study reveals that crystalline and functionally diverse NPs can be obtained via a cost efficient and environmentally friendly route. A simple waterbath method was adequate without the need for high temperature treatment. The findings suggest the strong potential of the prepared NPs for environmental and biomedical applications.

本研究的目的是利用经济、环保和简单的工艺合成锰基纳米颗粒。以宫草花提取物为原料合成了纯锰（MnP）、掺铒锰（MnErD）和锰-铒复合NPs （MnErC）。合成在50°C的水浴中进行，没有煅烧或高温处理。通过XRD、SEM、TEM、EDX、FTIR和XPS等方法对NPs的结构、形貌和化学成分进行了表征。XRD证实NPs具有良好的结晶度，尺寸为10-25 nm。透射电镜（TEM）和扫描电镜（SEM）显示出细长、球形和棒状的混合结构。棒状颗粒的平均长度为93 ± 2 nm，平均半径为7 nm。这些杆的计算长度与半径（纵横比）约为13 nm。掺铒后，能隙从2.8 eV减小到1.7 eV。对大肠杆菌（革兰氏阴性菌）、金黄色葡萄球菌和枯草芽孢杆菌（革兰氏阳性菌）的抑菌活性进行了评价。在所有合成的NPs中，MnErC对大肠杆菌的抑菌性能最强。采用DPPH法评价其抗氧化活性。MnErC NPs的最高清除率为92.04%。此外，MnErC NPs在紫外光下对孔雀石绿（97.35%）、俾斯麦棕Y（97.29%）和亚甲基蓝（96.59%）在100 min内也表现出优异的光催化降解能力。这项研究表明，晶体和功能多样化的NPs可以通过成本效益和环境友好的途径获得。一种简单的水浴法就足够了，不需要高温处理。研究结果表明，制备的NPs在环境和生物医学应用方面具有强大的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Advances in thin-film and one-dimensional UV photodetectors: Materials, architectures, and thermal stability 薄膜和一维紫外光电探测器的进展：材料、结构和热稳定性

IF 5.45 Q1 Physics and Astronomy

Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2026.101687

Mohammad Istiaque Hossain , Bashar Farooq , Alaa Elsafi , Abinisha Thiruchuthan , Dhanup S. Pillai , Brahim Aissa

The increasing need of the new industrial, environmental, and biomedical fields has aggravated the research of ultraviolet (UV) photodetectors. This review discusses the advances in technology of UV photodetectors, their history of transformation through the traditional thin-film semiconductor technology to state-of-the-art one-dimensional (1-D) nanostructured technology. It is well known that wide bandgap semiconductors, (Al, In) GaN, diamond and SiC exhibit significantly better responsivity, thermal performance and response time than standard silicon-based photodetectors. Later developments have offered β-Ga₂O₃, GaN and ZnO nanowire networks, which utilize quantum confinement physics and increased surface area to provide high UV detection efficiency at high temperature operations such as in flame detection. Thermal resistance is highlighted as one of the most critical parameters to measure the preparation of lab prototypes to be used in practice. The structural design is demonstrated to have a considerable effect on the thermal behavior, which in turn determines the reliability of the device in general. As an ensemble, 1D nanostructured photodetectors have better sensitivity and enhanced stability at high-temperature conditions compared to thin-film photodetectors, and β-Ga₂O₃ is a promising material in the next generation of high-detectivity and thermally resilient UV photodetectors.

新的工业、环境和生物医学领域日益增长的需求加剧了紫外线光电探测器的研究。本文综述了紫外光电探测器技术的进展，以及它们从传统的薄膜半导体技术向最先进的一维纳米结构技术转变的历史。众所周知，宽禁带半导体，（Al, In） GaN，金刚石和SiC表现出比标准硅基光电探测器更好的响应性，热性能和响应时间。后来的发展提供了β-Ga2O3， GaN和ZnO纳米线网络，它们利用量子约束物理和增加的表面积，在高温操作（如火焰检测）中提供高紫外检测效率。热阻是衡量实验室原型在实际应用中制备的最关键参数之一。结构设计被证明对热行为有相当大的影响，这反过来又决定了设备的可靠性。作为一个整体，1D纳米结构光电探测器在高温条件下比薄膜光电探测器具有更好的灵敏度和更强的稳定性，β-Ga2O3是下一代高探测性和热弹性紫外光电探测器的有前途的材料。

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引用次数: 0

Green-synthesized Y/Co Co-doped TiO2 nanoparticles from Lagenaria siceraria peel for enhanced photocatalytic and antibacterial performance 绿色合成Y/Co共掺杂二氧化钛纳米粒子，提高了光催化和抗菌性能

IF 5.45 Q1 Physics and Astronomy

Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2026.101705

AKM Asif Iqbal , Dewan Muhammad Nuruzzaman , A.K.M. Parvez Iqbal

This study reports a green synthesis route for pure and Y/Co co-doped TiO₂ nanoparticles using Lagenaria siceraria peel extract as a natural reducing and stabilizing agent. A key contribution of this work is the integration of plant-mediated synthesis with Y/Co co-doping to simultaneously tailor the structural, optical, photocatalytic, and antibacterial properties of TiO₂ within a single framework. X-ray diffraction confirmed that all synthesized samples retained the anatase phase, while peak shifting and strain analysis indicated successful incorporation of Y and Co into the TiO₂ lattice. FTIR, SEM, and EDX analyses further verified changes in bonding environment, reduced particle size, and effective dopant incorporation. UV-Vis spectroscopy revealed progressive band-gap narrowing after co-doping, demonstrating improved optical response compared with pure TiO₂. The crystallite size decreased from 9.77 nm to 8.23 nm, while the optical band gap decreased from 3.35 eV to 3.00 eV after Y/Co co-doping. These modifications led to enhanced functional performance, particularly in the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under UV irradiation, where the 3% Y/Co co-doped TiO₂ showed the highest degradation efficiency. The 3% Y/Co co-doped TiO₂ achieved a photocatalytic degradation efficiency of 92.45% after 120 min under UV irradiation. Antibacterial studies against S. aureus and E. coli also demonstrated stronger activity for the co-doped samples, supported by improved minimum inhibitory concentration values. In addition, brine shrimp lethality testing indicated increased biological activity at higher dopant concentration. Overall, the results show that Y/Co co-doping is an effective strategy for tailoring the physicochemical and biological properties of green-synthesized TiO₂ nanoparticles. Among the investigated compositions, 3% Y/Co co-doped TiO₂ exhibited the best overall performance, highlighting its potential for sustainable photocatalytic and antimicrobial applications.

本研究报道了一种绿色合成纯和Y/Co共掺杂TiO2纳米粒子的途径，该合成途径使用了Lagenaria siceraria peel提取物作为天然还原和稳定剂。这项工作的一个关键贡献是将植物介导合成与Y/Co共掺杂相结合，同时在单一框架内定制TiO2的结构，光学，光催化和抗菌性能。x射线衍射证实所有合成样品都保留了锐钛矿相，而峰移和应变分析表明Y和Co成功结合到TiO2晶格中。FTIR、SEM和EDX分析进一步证实了键合环境、颗粒尺寸减小和有效掺杂的变化。紫外可见光谱显示共掺杂后带隙逐渐缩小，与纯TiO2相比，光学响应有所改善。Y/Co共掺杂后，晶体尺寸从9.77 nm减小到8.23 nm，光学带隙从3.35 eV减小到3.00 eV。这些修饰导致了功能性能的增强，特别是在紫外线照射下光催化降解亚甲基蓝，其中3% Y/Co共掺杂TiO2表现出最高的降解效率。3% Y/Co共掺杂tio2在UV照射120 min后，光催化降解效率达到92.45%。对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抑菌研究也表明，共掺杂样品的活性更强，最低抑菌浓度值也有所提高。此外，盐水对虾的致死试验表明，较高的掺杂浓度可以提高生物活性。总体而言，研究结果表明，Y/Co共掺杂是一种有效的策略，可以定制绿色合成的TiO2纳米颗粒的物理化学和生物特性。在所研究的组合物中，3% Y/Co共掺杂TiO2表现出最佳的综合性能，突出了其可持续光催化和抗菌应用的潜力。

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引用次数: 0