Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-24DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2025.118619
Cheng Wang , Qiangsheng Dong , Yi Shao , Yulong Wu , Yanbin Zhao , Ming Yin , Di Mei , Chenglin Chu , Feng Xue , Jing Bai , Mikhail L. Zheludkevich , Sviatlana V. Lamaka
Metal biodegradation is primarily an electrochemical process, involving metal anodic dissolution and cathodic reduction of water or oxygen. The hydrolysis of metal cations produces H+ ions, while the cathodic reactions generate OH− ions, inducing the changes in local pH. These pH variations are also influenced by the precipitation of chemical species on a metal surface. To monitor the local pH evolution, pH microelectrodes are placed in an electrolyte solution above the active surface (10–100 μm). This technique plays a crucial role in discerning the chemical nature of degradation products and getting insights on the kinetics of coupled electrochemical-chemical processes, especially in complex media during the degradation of biodegradable metals. This review provides an introduction to pH microscopy, presents several application examples in biodegradation-related studies, and discusses the simultaneous utilization of pH microscopy with other local techniques.
{"title":"Probing interfacial electrochemical processes in metal biodegradation via in operando pH microscopy: A review with perspectives","authors":"Cheng Wang , Qiangsheng Dong , Yi Shao , Yulong Wu , Yanbin Zhao , Ming Yin , Di Mei , Chenglin Chu , Feng Xue , Jing Bai , Mikhail L. Zheludkevich , Sviatlana V. Lamaka","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118619","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118619","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metal biodegradation is primarily an electrochemical process, involving metal anodic dissolution and cathodic reduction of water or oxygen. The hydrolysis of metal cations produces H<sup>+</sup> ions, while the cathodic reactions generate OH<sup>−</sup> ions, inducing the changes in local pH. These pH variations are also influenced by the precipitation of chemical species on a metal surface. To monitor the local pH evolution, pH microelectrodes are placed in an electrolyte solution above the active surface (10–100 μm). This technique plays a crucial role in discerning the chemical nature of degradation products and getting insights on the kinetics of coupled electrochemical-chemical processes, especially in complex media during the degradation of biodegradable metals. This review provides an introduction to pH microscopy, presents several application examples in biodegradation-related studies, and discusses the simultaneous utilization of pH microscopy with other local techniques.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 118619"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145882557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-23DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2025.118605
Jing Li , Jiao Hu , Dai-Wen Pang , Cui Liu
Molecular diagnostics provides crucial information for disease prediction, prevention, diagnosis, and prognosis by detecting the presence, structural changes, or variations in the expression and regulation of biological macromolecules and macromolecular systems in the human body. Nanomaterials possess unique optical, magnetic, electrical, and thermal properties, which enable them to generate various detectable signals, amplify the intensity of detection signals, and simplify the detection process. This review summarizes the current applications and future development of nanomaterials in molecular diagnostics. It focuses on introducing the integration of nanomaterials with biochemical technologies, such as nucleic acid hybridization, nucleic acid amplification, CRISPR/Cas systems, immunoassay, and aptamers for molecular diagnostics. We explore the advantages and limitations of each integration method and evaluate their clinical applications or potential. This review offers a broad perspective on the prospects of nanomaterial-based molecular diagnostic technologies and highlights the potential future directions.
{"title":"Recent advancements in molecular diagnostics with nanomaterials","authors":"Jing Li , Jiao Hu , Dai-Wen Pang , Cui Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118605","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118605","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Molecular diagnostics provides crucial information for disease prediction, prevention, diagnosis, and prognosis by detecting the presence, structural changes, or variations in the expression and regulation of biological macromolecules and macromolecular systems in the human body. Nanomaterials possess unique optical, magnetic, electrical, and thermal properties, which enable them to generate various detectable signals, amplify the intensity of detection signals, and simplify the detection process. This review summarizes the current applications and future development of nanomaterials in molecular diagnostics. It focuses on introducing the integration of nanomaterials with biochemical technologies, such as nucleic acid hybridization, nucleic acid amplification, CRISPR/Cas systems, immunoassay, and aptamers for molecular diagnostics. We explore the advantages and limitations of each integration method and evaluate their clinical applications or potential. This review offers a broad perspective on the prospects of nanomaterial-based molecular diagnostic technologies and highlights the potential future directions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 118605"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145882554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-21DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2026.118692
Sirui Liu , Mengyu Huang , Jin Li , Shulin Wang , Wei Lv , Wanshuang Cao , Bingzhi Li , Xing Zhang
Glycoconjugates are central to cellular recognition, signaling, and adhesion, yet their visualization in living systems remains difficult because of low abundance, structural diversity, and the limited specificity of traditional probes. Metabolic glycan labeling provides a means to introduce bioorthogonal groups into cellular glycans, allowing selective attachment of imaging probes. Recent studies have combined this approach with functional nucleic acid technologies such as aptamers, CRISPR/Cas systems, DNAzymes, and isothermal amplification. These combinations improve signal strength, increase selectivity, and support multiplex or multimodal readouts. The programmability and amplification capability of nucleic acids help address long-standing challenges in sensitivity and molecular recognition. This review summarizes recent progress in nucleic acid-assisted metabolic glycan labeling for visualizing glycoconjugates in live cells and in vivo models, outlines representative analytical formats, and highlights remaining challenges. Future opportunities are discussed with attention to expanding the analytical toolkit for glycobiology and molecular imaging.
{"title":"Nucleic acid-assisted metabolic glycan labeling: A promising strategy for enhanced glycoconjugate imaging in cells and in vivo","authors":"Sirui Liu , Mengyu Huang , Jin Li , Shulin Wang , Wei Lv , Wanshuang Cao , Bingzhi Li , Xing Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2026.118692","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2026.118692","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glycoconjugates are central to cellular recognition, signaling, and adhesion, yet their visualization in living systems remains difficult because of low abundance, structural diversity, and the limited specificity of traditional probes. Metabolic glycan labeling provides a means to introduce bioorthogonal groups into cellular glycans, allowing selective attachment of imaging probes. Recent studies have combined this approach with functional nucleic acid technologies such as aptamers, CRISPR/Cas systems, DNAzymes, and isothermal amplification. These combinations improve signal strength, increase selectivity, and support multiplex or multimodal readouts. The programmability and amplification capability of nucleic acids help address long-standing challenges in sensitivity and molecular recognition. This review summarizes recent progress in nucleic acid-assisted metabolic glycan labeling for visualizing glycoconjugates in live cells and <em>in vivo</em> models, outlines representative analytical formats, and highlights remaining challenges. Future opportunities are discussed with attention to expanding the analytical toolkit for glycobiology and molecular imaging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 118692"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146034670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2026.118679
Sarantos Kostidis , Hannah Mörk , Ton J. Rabelink , Martin Giera , Nina Ogrinc
Stable isotope tracing combined with mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) offers a powerful framework for spatially and temporally resolved analysis of metabolic activity, enabling visualization of labeled metabolites at cellular and subcellular resolution. This approach provides insights into the spatial organization and dynamics of metabolic pathways such as glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and amino acid metabolism under both physiological and pathological conditions. However, its implementation remains technically challenging due to spectral complexity, limited spatial quantification methods, and the need for meticulous sample preparation and data processing. This review defines key considerations for integrating isotope tracers with MSI, including tracer selection, administration strategies across biological model systems, and current MSI platform capabilities. It also covers interpretation of isotopic labeling patterns and emerging experimental designs for mapping metabolic activity. By consolidating recent advances and identifying ongoing challenges, this review outlines the evolving role of MSI-based isotope tracing in spatial metabolomics.
{"title":"Mapping metabolism using stable isotope tracers in combination with mass spectrometry imaging","authors":"Sarantos Kostidis , Hannah Mörk , Ton J. Rabelink , Martin Giera , Nina Ogrinc","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2026.118679","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2026.118679","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stable isotope tracing combined with mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) offers a powerful framework for spatially and temporally resolved analysis of metabolic activity, enabling visualization of labeled metabolites at cellular and subcellular resolution. This approach provides insights into the spatial organization and dynamics of metabolic pathways such as glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and amino acid metabolism under both physiological and pathological conditions. However, its implementation remains technically challenging due to spectral complexity, limited spatial quantification methods, and the need for meticulous sample preparation and data processing. This review defines key considerations for integrating isotope tracers with MSI, including tracer selection, administration strategies across biological model systems, and current MSI platform capabilities. It also covers interpretation of isotopic labeling patterns and emerging experimental designs for mapping metabolic activity. By consolidating recent advances and identifying ongoing challenges, this review outlines the evolving role of MSI-based isotope tracing in spatial metabolomics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 118679"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146034589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-14DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2026.118673
Shuai Zhang , Kavirajaa Pandian Sambasevam , Faizah Muhammad Yunus , Waleed Alahmad , Nor Kartini Binti Abu Bakar , Muggundha Raoov
This review is the first to provide a systematic integration of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) into multi-template molecular imprinting, establishing DESs-based multi-template molecularly imprinted polymers (DESs-mt-MIPs) as an emerging class of green affinity materials. The review systematically covers the fundamental principles of molecular imprinting, emphasizing the advantages and mechanisms of DESs-based multiple-template imprinting over traditional MIPs approaches. This review also investigates the pivotal functions of DESs as both functional monomers and porogens in the fabrication of mt-MIPs, demonstrating their ability to enhance the polymers' selectivity, adsorption capacity, and environmental friendliness. Furthermore, the review presents various innovative synthesis techniques, characterizes the structural and functional properties of DESs-mt-MIPs, and discusses their applications in environmental pollutant removal, biomedical fields, and food safety. Despite the promising potential, current challenges, including the type of DESs that can be used in MIPs synthesis, the combination of multiple templates, stability, reproducibility, and large-scale production, are highlighted, and future research directions are proposed to address these issues and explore mt-MIPs in DESs further.
{"title":"Advancements of multiple template-based molecularly imprinted polymers (mt-MIPs) in deep eutectic solvents (DESs): Towards greener imprinting approaches","authors":"Shuai Zhang , Kavirajaa Pandian Sambasevam , Faizah Muhammad Yunus , Waleed Alahmad , Nor Kartini Binti Abu Bakar , Muggundha Raoov","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2026.118673","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2026.118673","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review is the first to provide a systematic integration of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) into multi-template molecular imprinting, establishing DESs-based multi-template molecularly imprinted polymers (DESs-mt-MIPs) as an emerging class of green affinity materials. The review systematically covers the fundamental principles of molecular imprinting, emphasizing the advantages and mechanisms of DESs-based multiple-template imprinting over traditional MIPs approaches. This review also investigates the pivotal functions of DESs as both functional monomers and porogens in the fabrication of mt-MIPs, demonstrating their ability to enhance the polymers' selectivity, adsorption capacity, and environmental friendliness. Furthermore, the review presents various innovative synthesis techniques, characterizes the structural and functional properties of DESs-mt-MIPs, and discusses their applications in environmental pollutant removal, biomedical fields, and food safety. Despite the promising potential, current challenges, including the type of DESs that can be used in MIPs synthesis, the combination of multiple templates, stability, reproducibility, and large-scale production, are highlighted, and future research directions are proposed to address these issues and explore mt-MIPs in DESs further.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 118673"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146034661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2025.118645
Jianyuan Qin, Xing Wu, Fang Wang, Binggang Xiao, Yong Du
Terahertz sensing techniques have been widely utilized to determine the properties of targets across a range of fields in recent years. Artificial intelligence algorithms provide a promising solution to address the escalating need for higher efficiency and accuracy. With the aid of artificial intelligence algorithms, terahertz sensing techniques can significantly improve their performance in terms of analytical sensitivity, imaging resolution, and operational efficacy. This review is devoted to the recent advances in terahertz sensing techniques assisted by artificial intelligence algorithms. First, an overview of terahertz sensing techniques and artificial intelligence algorithms is provided. Subsequently, the applications of artificial intelligence algorithms in terahertz spectroscopy, imaging, and metasensor design are elaborated in detail. Finally, a conclusion and outlook for artificial intelligence algorithms-assisted terahertz sensing techniques are presented.
{"title":"Recent advances in application of artificial intelligence algorithms in terahertz sensing techniques","authors":"Jianyuan Qin, Xing Wu, Fang Wang, Binggang Xiao, Yong Du","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118645","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118645","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Terahertz sensing techniques have been widely utilized to determine the properties of targets across a range of fields in recent years. Artificial intelligence algorithms provide a promising solution to address the escalating need for higher efficiency and accuracy. With the aid of artificial intelligence algorithms, terahertz sensing techniques can significantly improve their performance in terms of analytical sensitivity, imaging resolution, and operational efficacy. This review is devoted to the recent advances in terahertz sensing techniques assisted by artificial intelligence algorithms. First, an overview of terahertz sensing techniques and artificial intelligence algorithms is provided. Subsequently, the applications of artificial intelligence algorithms in terahertz spectroscopy, imaging, and metasensor design are elaborated in detail. Finally, a conclusion and outlook for artificial intelligence algorithms-assisted terahertz sensing techniques are presented.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 118645"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145922587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-31DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2025.118640
Linyi Deng , Da Han
Cell-free RNA (cfRNA) circulating in biofluids comprises RNA molecules originating from diverse tissues and cell types, providing a dynamic and real-time snapshot of the body that can be harnessed for early disease detection, differential diagnosis, and longitudinal monitoring. Nevertheless, clinical translation of cfRNA analysis is hindered by pronounced variability arising from diverse pre-analytical conditions, as well as the immaturity and limited standardization of subsequent analytical pipelines. Recent advances in sequencing technologies, together with optimized library preparation protocols and computational frameworks, have substantially improved the sensitivity, reproducibility, and interpretability of cfRNA profiling, thereby paving the way for its broader diagnostic and biomedical applications. In this Review, we highlight the critical impact of pre-analytical workflows on cfRNA studies, provide a summary of current technologies from low-plex assays to high-throughput sequencing, explore the promising potential of cfRNA in clinical applications, and conclude with a discussion of current challenges and future directions.
{"title":"Technologies and opportunities in cell-free RNA analysis for clinical diagnostics","authors":"Linyi Deng , Da Han","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118640","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118640","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cell-free RNA (cfRNA) circulating in biofluids comprises RNA molecules originating from diverse tissues and cell types, providing a dynamic and real-time snapshot of the body that can be harnessed for early disease detection, differential diagnosis, and longitudinal monitoring. Nevertheless, clinical translation of cfRNA analysis is hindered by pronounced variability arising from diverse pre-analytical conditions, as well as the immaturity and limited standardization of subsequent analytical pipelines. Recent advances in sequencing technologies, together with optimized library preparation protocols and computational frameworks, have substantially improved the sensitivity, reproducibility, and interpretability of cfRNA profiling, thereby paving the way for its broader diagnostic and biomedical applications. In this Review, we highlight the critical impact of pre-analytical workflows on cfRNA studies, provide a summary of current technologies from low-plex assays to high-throughput sequencing, explore the promising potential of cfRNA in clinical applications, and conclude with a discussion of current challenges and future directions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 118640"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145922588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-25DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2025.118630
Siyuan Tan , Huiping Qiao , Xuping Shentu , Zehu Xie , Yu Wang , Qionglin Liang , Xiaoyun Gong , Xinhua Dai
With the accelerated advancement of biotechnology, microfluidic cell manipulation has emerged as a focal research area. Microfluidics leverages microscale channels to achieve precise control of fluids with high throughput, cost-effectiveness, and miniaturization. It makes use of the unique properties of fluids for single-cell manipulation and analysis with unprecedented accuracy and efficiency. With the advantages of high sensitivity, wide molecular coverage and excellent structural identification, mass spectrometry (MS) stands as a powerful tool for both qualitative and quantitative analysis of a vast range of biomolecules within single cells. In recent years, the integration of microfluidics and MS has gained significant attention, offering unprecedented precision and efficiency for single-cell studies. This review summarizes recent advances in microfluidic cell manipulation techniques and their integration with single-cell MS. The application scope covers multiple omics fields, including proteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics, metallomics, genomics, and transcriptomics. The review also discusses current challenges, outlines future research directions, and underscores the significance of this interdisciplinary area in biology, medicine, and environmental researches.
{"title":"Recent progress in microfluidic cell manipulation techniques and their applications in single-cell mass spectrometry","authors":"Siyuan Tan , Huiping Qiao , Xuping Shentu , Zehu Xie , Yu Wang , Qionglin Liang , Xiaoyun Gong , Xinhua Dai","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118630","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118630","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the accelerated advancement of biotechnology, microfluidic cell manipulation has emerged as a focal research area. Microfluidics leverages microscale channels to achieve precise control of fluids with high throughput, cost-effectiveness, and miniaturization. It makes use of the unique properties of fluids for single-cell manipulation and analysis with unprecedented accuracy and efficiency. With the advantages of high sensitivity, wide molecular coverage and excellent structural identification, mass spectrometry (MS) stands as a powerful tool for both qualitative and quantitative analysis of a vast range of biomolecules within single cells. In recent years, the integration of microfluidics and MS has gained significant attention, offering unprecedented precision and efficiency for single-cell studies. This review summarizes recent advances in microfluidic cell manipulation techniques and their integration with single-cell MS. The application scope covers multiple omics fields, including proteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics, metallomics, genomics, and transcriptomics. The review also discusses current challenges, outlines future research directions, and underscores the significance of this interdisciplinary area in biology, medicine, and environmental researches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 118630"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145922592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-12-24DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2025.118627
Yundi Huang , Bo Song , Wenzhu Zhang , Jingli Yuan
Metal complex-based time-gated luminescence (TGL) probes have become powerful tools for selective biomarker detection in biological systems. Leveraging long-lived luminescence from lanthanide (Eu3+, Tb3+) and transition-metal (Ru2+, Ir3+) complexes, TGL probes allow the autofluorescence to be eliminated, remarkably enhancing the signal-to-background ratio. This review summarizes the molecular strategies for the design of TGL probes, including metal ion selection, ligand engineering, and energy transfer modulation, as well as the principles guiding the incorporation of recognition and targeting groups. Their applications in multi-modal imaging systems, such as TGL-photoluminescence lifetime imaging (PLIM) and TGL-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), were also discussed, giving an overview of the developments in metal complex-based probes and their bioassay applications.
{"title":"Molecular design of metal complex-based luminescence probes for time-gated luminescence bioassays","authors":"Yundi Huang , Bo Song , Wenzhu Zhang , Jingli Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118627","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118627","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metal complex-based time-gated luminescence (TGL) probes have become powerful tools for selective biomarker detection in biological systems. Leveraging long-lived luminescence from lanthanide (Eu<sup>3+</sup>, Tb<sup>3+</sup>) and transition-metal (Ru<sup>2+</sup>, Ir<sup>3+</sup>) complexes, TGL probes allow the autofluorescence to be eliminated, remarkably enhancing the signal-to-background ratio. This review summarizes the molecular strategies for the design of TGL probes, including metal ion selection, ligand engineering, and energy transfer modulation, as well as the principles guiding the incorporation of recognition and targeting groups. Their applications in multi-modal imaging systems, such as TGL-photoluminescence lifetime imaging (PLIM) and TGL-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), were also discussed, giving an overview of the developments in metal complex-based probes and their bioassay applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 118627"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145836642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-12-17DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2025.118615
Ting Wang , Yuan-Yuan Cui , Xi-Xi Wang , Cheng-Xiong Yang
Ionic microporous organic networks (iMONs) represent an emerging class of functional polymeric adsorbents that synergistically integrate the structural advantages of conventional MONs with the unique properties of ionic functional groups. These advanced materials have gained significant attention in solid phase extraction (SPE) due to their exceptional characteristics, including abundant chargeable interaction sites, high specific surface area, excellent stability, and remarkable compatibility with various supporting matrices. This review systematically summarizes: (1) state-of-the-art preparation strategies of iMONs; (2) methods of iMONs composite fabrication; (3) their applications across various SPE techniques, including dispersive SPE, column SPE, magnetic SPE, stir bar sorptive extraction, and on-line SPE. Compared with commercial adsorbents, iMONs exhibit superior adsorption capacity, selectivity, and efficiency. Current challenges involve synthesis cost, environmental impact, and performance in complex real samples. Future efforts should focus on greener synthesis, systematic comparison with commercial adsorbents, and computational studies to elucidate extraction mechanisms.
{"title":"Recent progress of ionic microporous organic networks and their composites in solid phase extraction","authors":"Ting Wang , Yuan-Yuan Cui , Xi-Xi Wang , Cheng-Xiong Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118615","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118615","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ionic microporous organic networks (iMONs) represent an emerging class of functional polymeric adsorbents that synergistically integrate the structural advantages of conventional MONs with the unique properties of ionic functional groups. These advanced materials have gained significant attention in solid phase extraction (SPE) due to their exceptional characteristics, including abundant chargeable interaction sites, high specific surface area, excellent stability, and remarkable compatibility with various supporting matrices. This review systematically summarizes: (1) state-of-the-art preparation strategies of iMONs; (2) methods of iMONs composite fabrication; (3) their applications across various SPE techniques, including dispersive SPE, column SPE, magnetic SPE, stir bar sorptive extraction, and on-line SPE. Compared with commercial adsorbents, iMONs exhibit superior adsorption capacity, selectivity, and efficiency. Current challenges involve synthesis cost, environmental impact, and performance in complex real samples. Future efforts should focus on greener synthesis, systematic comparison with commercial adsorbents, and computational studies to elucidate extraction mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 118615"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145797515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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