Pub Date : 2021-06-02DOI: 10.30476/MEJC.2021.85833.1306
Morteza Majidi Ata, A. Moradi, Farideh Gharekhanloo, S. Nikzad
Background: Despite significant diagnosis benefits, the usage of ionizing radiation is not risk-free. The aim of this study was to determine the risk of thyroid cancer for children who exposed from brain computed tomography (CT) scan. Method: In this a cross-sectional study, 90 patients under 20 years of age who underwent brain CT-scan were selected. Parameters such as age, sex, imaging technique, imaging characteristics, and thyroid absorbed dose were considered. We used SPSS software, version 21, at 95% confidence interval to analyze the absorbed dose and risk for each individual. Results: The mean and standard deviation of absorbed the dose for girls and boys for the spiral technique were 3.954±0.393 and 4.72±0.000 mGy and in sequential technique, they were 2.282±0.461 and 1.985±0.431 mGy, respectively. The mean and standard deviation of the absorbed dose in <5 years age group was 5.65±2.00, 3.03±1.34 in 6 to 10 years, 2.63±0.98 in11 to 15 years, and in 16 to 20 years was 2.57±1.04 mGy (P<0.001). There was a significant negative correlation between the absorbed dose and field dimensions (r = -0.604, P<0.001) and slice thickness (r = -0.777, P<0.001). The mean and standard deviation of Lifetime risk for thyroid cancer induction (×105) in <5 years age group in spiral technique was 158.79±322.50 for female subjects and 16.5±42.90 for male patients, which was significantly more than those of other groups and techniques (P<0.001). Conclusion: The rate of thyroid absorbed dose during brain CT-scan was found to be noticeable, especially in spiral CT imaging, for female patients < 5 years. Based on our results, it was associated with an increased risk of thyroid cancer in this age group.
{"title":"Risk Estimation of Thyroid Cancer for Children Undergoing Brain CT Examinations","authors":"Morteza Majidi Ata, A. Moradi, Farideh Gharekhanloo, S. Nikzad","doi":"10.30476/MEJC.2021.85833.1306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/MEJC.2021.85833.1306","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Despite significant diagnosis benefits, the usage of ionizing radiation is not risk-free. The aim of this study was to determine the risk of thyroid cancer for children who exposed from brain computed tomography (CT) scan. \u0000Method: In this a cross-sectional study, 90 patients under 20 years of age who underwent brain CT-scan were selected. Parameters such as age, sex, imaging technique, imaging characteristics, and thyroid absorbed dose were considered. We used SPSS software, version 21, at 95% confidence interval to analyze the absorbed dose and risk for each individual. \u0000Results: The mean and standard deviation of absorbed the dose for girls and boys for the spiral technique were 3.954±0.393 and 4.72±0.000 mGy and in sequential technique, they were 2.282±0.461 and 1.985±0.431 mGy, respectively. The mean and standard deviation of the absorbed dose in <5 years age group was 5.65±2.00, 3.03±1.34 in 6 to 10 years, 2.63±0.98 in11 to 15 years, and in 16 to 20 years was 2.57±1.04 mGy (P<0.001). There was a significant negative correlation between the absorbed dose and field dimensions (r = -0.604, P<0.001) and slice thickness (r = -0.777, P<0.001). The mean and standard deviation of Lifetime risk for thyroid cancer induction (×105) in <5 years age group in spiral technique was 158.79±322.50 for female subjects and 16.5±42.90 for male patients, which was significantly more than those of other groups and techniques (P<0.001). \u0000Conclusion: The rate of thyroid absorbed dose during brain CT-scan was found to be noticeable, especially in spiral CT imaging, for female patients < 5 years. Based on our results, it was associated with an increased risk of thyroid cancer in this age group.","PeriodicalId":44005,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44281393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-02DOI: 10.30476/MEJC.2021.86049.1320
Mahboubeh Azema, B. Geramizadeh
Background: Chromogranin is a marker that can be detected in the tissue of the neuroendocrine tumors by immunohistochemistry and as a biomarker for the diagnosis and follow-up of NET. In this study, we evaluated the correlation of prognostic characteristics of NETs (Ki67, location, and size) with the chromogranin level. Method: In this case-control study, we measured the serum level of chromogranin in 50 cases of NETs from different locations of the gastrointestinal tract, liver, and pancreas as well as 30 healthy individuals for one year (2016). The correlation of this level was evaluated with Ki67, size, and location of the tumors (main prognostic predictors of NETs). Results: The level of chromogranin in the above-mentioned 80 tumoral and healthy cases was37 to 2585 ng/ml (242.3±439.4). The level of chromogranin in NETs and normal cases was 326.3±525.3 and 51.5±16.7, respectively. This level showed a statistically significant correlation with the Ki67 percentage and the tumor grade (P-value <0.05). There was no correlation between size and chromogranin level, but the highest level wasdetected in liver NETs. The cut-off level of 61.2 ng/ml correlated with the presence of NET with a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 70%. Conclusion: Chromogranin level can be used as a prognostic biomarker that is correlated with the grade of NETs and very high levels of this marker can be indicative of liver involvement. The cut-off level of 61.2 ng/ml can be considered as one of the predictors of the NET in the gastrointestinal, liver, or pancreas.
{"title":"Serum Chromogranin Level in Gastrointestinal, Pancreas, and Liver Neuroendocrine Tumors, A Brief report","authors":"Mahboubeh Azema, B. Geramizadeh","doi":"10.30476/MEJC.2021.86049.1320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/MEJC.2021.86049.1320","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chromogranin is a marker that can be detected in the tissue of the neuroendocrine tumors by immunohistochemistry and as a biomarker for the diagnosis and follow-up of NET. In this study, we evaluated the correlation of prognostic characteristics of NETs (Ki67, location, and size) with the chromogranin level. \u0000Method: In this case-control study, we measured the serum level of chromogranin in 50 cases of NETs from different locations of the gastrointestinal tract, liver, and pancreas as well as 30 healthy individuals for one year (2016). The correlation of this level was evaluated with Ki67, size, and location of the tumors (main prognostic predictors of NETs). \u0000Results: The level of chromogranin in the above-mentioned 80 tumoral and healthy cases was37 to 2585 ng/ml (242.3±439.4). The level of chromogranin in NETs and normal cases was 326.3±525.3 and 51.5±16.7, respectively. This level showed a statistically significant correlation with the Ki67 percentage and the tumor grade (P-value <0.05). There was no correlation between size and chromogranin level, but the highest level wasdetected in liver NETs. The cut-off level of 61.2 ng/ml correlated with the presence of NET with a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 70%. \u0000Conclusion: Chromogranin level can be used as a prognostic biomarker that is correlated with the grade of NETs and very high levels of this marker can be indicative of liver involvement. The cut-off level of 61.2 ng/ml can be considered as one of the predictors of the NET in the gastrointestinal, liver, or pancreas.","PeriodicalId":44005,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47720213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-02DOI: 10.30476/MEJC.2021.85085.1258
S. Mohamed, A. Hafez, Amira S. Elwan, M. Abdelhamid, N. Ahmed, Bader A Abdelmaksoud, Abeer M. Abdelbary
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is known to be the third most frequently diagnosed cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer death worldwide. In Egypt, colorectal carcinoma is considered the 7th prevalent cancer, accounting for 3.47% of male cancers and 3% of female malignancies. A localized CRC can be entirely cured via surgical resection. Metastasis remains the leading cause of cancer mortality. IMP3 is an independent prognostic biomarker that expects metastasis and poor prognosis in the CRC. The upregulation of nuclear cyclin D1 plays an essential role in pathogenesis and metastases of CRC. We aimed to investigate the expression of IMP3 and cyclin D1 in colorectal carcinoma and their correlation with other clinicopathological features. Method: In this retrospective cohort study, 80 formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded blocks of CRC were obtained from the subjects. The immunohistochemical expression of IMP3 and cyclin D1 were examined and found to be correlated with clinical-pathological parameters and the outcome of the patients. Results: Overexpression of IMP3 and cyclin D1 was noted in 68.75% and 56.25%, respectively. IMP3 expression was significantly correlated with tumor grade (P <0.001), TNM stage (P =0.040), and LVI (P= 0.005); cyclin D1 was significantly associated with TNM stage (P<0.001), LN metastasis (P<0.001), and DM (P =0.004); cyclin D1 was significantly correlated with TNM stage (P<0.001), LN metastasis (P<0.001), and DM (P= 0.004). Conclusion: IMP3 and cyclin d1 were associated with poor prognosis in CRC, which makes them attractive targets for anticancer drug development.
{"title":"Prognostic Value of IMP3 and Cyclin D1 Expression in Patients with Colorectal Cancer","authors":"S. Mohamed, A. Hafez, Amira S. Elwan, M. Abdelhamid, N. Ahmed, Bader A Abdelmaksoud, Abeer M. Abdelbary","doi":"10.30476/MEJC.2021.85085.1258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/MEJC.2021.85085.1258","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is known to be the third most frequently diagnosed cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer death worldwide. In Egypt, colorectal carcinoma is considered the 7th prevalent cancer, accounting for 3.47% of male cancers and 3% of female malignancies. A localized CRC can be entirely cured via surgical resection. Metastasis remains the leading cause of cancer mortality. IMP3 is an independent prognostic biomarker that expects metastasis and poor prognosis in the CRC. The upregulation of nuclear cyclin D1 plays an essential role in pathogenesis and metastases of CRC. We aimed to investigate the expression of IMP3 and cyclin D1 in colorectal carcinoma and their correlation with other clinicopathological features. \u0000Method: In this retrospective cohort study, 80 formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded blocks of CRC were obtained from the subjects. The immunohistochemical expression of IMP3 and cyclin D1 were examined and found to be correlated with clinical-pathological parameters and the outcome of the patients. \u0000Results: Overexpression of IMP3 and cyclin D1 was noted in 68.75% and 56.25%, respectively. IMP3 expression was significantly correlated with tumor grade (P <0.001), TNM stage (P =0.040), and LVI (P= 0.005); cyclin D1 was significantly associated with TNM stage (P<0.001), LN metastasis (P<0.001), and DM (P =0.004); cyclin D1 was significantly correlated with TNM stage (P<0.001), LN metastasis (P<0.001), and DM (P= 0.004). \u0000Conclusion: IMP3 and cyclin d1 were associated with poor prognosis in CRC, which makes them attractive targets for anticancer drug development.","PeriodicalId":44005,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41742359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-31DOI: 10.30476/MEJC.2021.85492.1285
C. Sridhar, M. Athiyamaan
Background: The present study aimed to evaluate dosimetrically and correlate the lung and heart dose volume histogram (DVH) of the 4 Field three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) with 7 field intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in patients with oesophageal cancers. Method: This retrospective dosimetric study considered 20 oesophagus cancer patients treated with definitive chemoradiation with IMRT technique. In the 7 field IMRT technique, the first phase delivered a dose of 36Gy/18fr followed by 18Gy/9fr in two weeks in the second phase. In the 3DCRT technique, the first phase was planned with 4 field technique with two parallel opposed and two posterior oblique fields, followed by the 3 field technique in the second phase. The assessments of the techniques were performed using Differential DVH analysis of the right and left lungs, heart, and the spinal cord. The values of the mean dose, V20 (Volume receiving 20 Gy), and V30 (volume receiving 30 Gy) were assessed for any correlations. Results: The DVH of V20 in IMRT showed 5 % less lung volume irradiation compared to the 3DCRT plans and over 20% less V30 for irradiated heart volume. The study demonstrated a statistical advantage of using 7 field IMRT over 4 field 3DCRT in reducing the mean percentage dose to both lungs, heart, and spinal cord. Conclusion: 7 field IMRT is superior to 4 field 3DCRT plans in significantly reducing the average percentage of irradiated volume of both the lung and heart in esophageal cancer radiation therapy.
{"title":"Dosimetric Evaluation of 4 Field Three-Dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy and 7 Field Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy in Esophageal Cancer Treated with Definitive Chemoradiation","authors":"C. Sridhar, M. Athiyamaan","doi":"10.30476/MEJC.2021.85492.1285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/MEJC.2021.85492.1285","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The present study aimed to evaluate dosimetrically and correlate the lung and heart dose volume histogram (DVH) of the 4 Field three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) with 7 field intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in patients with oesophageal cancers. \u0000Method: This retrospective dosimetric study considered 20 oesophagus cancer patients treated with definitive chemoradiation with IMRT technique. In the 7 field IMRT technique, the first phase delivered a dose of 36Gy/18fr followed by 18Gy/9fr in two weeks in the second phase. In the 3DCRT technique, the first phase was planned with 4 field technique with two parallel opposed and two posterior oblique fields, followed by the 3 field technique in the second phase. The assessments of the techniques were performed using Differential DVH analysis of the right and left lungs, heart, and the spinal cord. The values of the mean dose, V20 (Volume receiving 20 Gy), and V30 (volume receiving 30 Gy) were assessed for any correlations. \u0000Results: The DVH of V20 in IMRT showed 5 % less lung volume irradiation compared to the 3DCRT plans and over 20% less V30 for irradiated heart volume. The study demonstrated a statistical advantage of using 7 field IMRT over 4 field 3DCRT in reducing the mean percentage dose to both lungs, heart, and spinal cord. \u0000Conclusion: 7 field IMRT is superior to 4 field 3DCRT plans in significantly reducing the average percentage of irradiated volume of both the lung and heart in esophageal cancer radiation therapy.","PeriodicalId":44005,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44296176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-31DOI: 10.30476/MEJC.2021.85637.1301
S. Hasija, S. Kalhan, S. Garg, Puja Sharma, Pawan K Singh, B. Sethi
Background: Malignant lesions of the cervix are the most frequent cause of mortality and morbidity and the third most common cause of cancer deaths in women worldwide. The incidence of cervical cancer is progressively reducing due to the routine use of Pap smears to detect precancerous and early malignant lesions. Moreover, since it is based on subjective morphological assessment, false positive or negative reports are likely to be there. Using morphometric techniques, there have been attempts to use objective parameters to improve the accuracy of reports. In the present study, we used Image Morphometric Software and some of its plugins in order to create macro images to analyze a large number of cells at a given time and study various nuclear parameters useful in evaluating pre-malignant and malignant cervical pap smears. Method: A retrospective study was done on abnormal pap smears. Bethesda System was used for the categorization of cervical pap smears into premalignant and malignant lesions. Nuclear parameters were calculated employing Image-Pro 2.0 Morphometric Software. The analyzed parameters included nuclear area, perimeter, radius, and compactness. The results obtained were statistically analyzed using SPSS software version 19.0 Results: Nuclear area, perimeter, radius, and compactness were found to be statistically significant parameters in differentiating premalignant from malignant cervical smears (P<0.05). Conclusion: Nuclear morphometry was found to be a useful objective way and an adjunct to conventional microscopy in differentiating premalignant from malignant cervical lesions.
{"title":"Role of Morphometry as Diagnostic Adjunct in Evaluating Premalignant and Malignant Cervical Cytology","authors":"S. Hasija, S. Kalhan, S. Garg, Puja Sharma, Pawan K Singh, B. Sethi","doi":"10.30476/MEJC.2021.85637.1301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/MEJC.2021.85637.1301","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Malignant lesions of the cervix are the most frequent cause of mortality and morbidity and the third most common cause of cancer deaths in women worldwide. The incidence of cervical cancer is progressively reducing due to the routine use of Pap smears to detect precancerous and early malignant lesions. Moreover, since it is based on subjective morphological assessment, false positive or negative reports are likely to be there. Using morphometric techniques, there have been attempts to use objective parameters to improve the accuracy of reports. In the present study, we used Image Morphometric Software and some of its plugins in order to create macro images to analyze a large number of cells at a given time and study various nuclear parameters useful in evaluating pre-malignant and malignant cervical pap smears. \u0000Method: A retrospective study was done on abnormal pap smears. Bethesda System was used for the categorization of cervical pap smears into premalignant and malignant lesions. Nuclear parameters were calculated employing Image-Pro 2.0 Morphometric Software. The analyzed parameters included nuclear area, perimeter, radius, and compactness. The results obtained were statistically analyzed using SPSS software version 19.0 \u0000Results: Nuclear area, perimeter, radius, and compactness were found to be statistically significant parameters in differentiating premalignant from malignant cervical smears (P<0.05). \u0000Conclusion: Nuclear morphometry was found to be a useful objective way and an adjunct to conventional microscopy in differentiating premalignant from malignant cervical lesions.","PeriodicalId":44005,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48483347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-30DOI: 10.30476/MEJC.2021.88204.1463
Kamyar Mansori, M. Nowroozi, Amirreza Farzin, S. O. Moghadam
Background: Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2, recognized as cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), is an important enzyme contributing to the generation of proinflammatory prostaglandins. It can play a role in increased tumor angiogenesis, apoptosis inhibition, metastasis, and invasion of tumors. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the COX-2 promoter may associate with the cancer predisposition. In the present work, we aimed to explore whether SNPs of COX-2 gene affect both the risk of development and grade of bladder cancer. Method: This case-control study was performed and the genetic polymorphisms of six COX-2 SNPs including, intron 1 (rs2745557), intron 5 (rs16825748), intron 6 (rs2066826), T+8473C (rs5275), G-765 (rs20417), and A-1195G (rs68946) were genotyped in 80 healthy controls and 80 bladder cancer patients using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). To select independent prognostic factors, the univariate and multivariate analyses were implemented. Results: Univariate logistic regression model indicated a significant association between COX-2 765G>C heterozygous GC genotype and greater risk of bladder cancer (OR: 2.07; 95% CI: 1.03 - 4.15; P= 0.04). However, the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed no associations between COX-2 variants and bladder cancer development. Conclusion: We concluded that COX-2 polymorphisms do not contribute to the genetic susceptibility to urothelial bladder cancer in an Iranian population. However, the only genotype in which the frequency of alleles significantly differed between the two groups of high-grade tumors and low-grade tumors was COX -2 8473T> C (rs5275). Moreover, our findings showed that both smoking and family history of cancer play a role in susceptibility to bladder cancer.
{"title":"Prostaglandin Synthase 2/Cyclooxygenase 2 Gene Polymorphisms and Susceptibility to Urothelial Bladder Cancer in an Iranian Population","authors":"Kamyar Mansori, M. Nowroozi, Amirreza Farzin, S. O. Moghadam","doi":"10.30476/MEJC.2021.88204.1463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/MEJC.2021.88204.1463","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2, recognized as cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), is an important enzyme contributing to the generation of proinflammatory prostaglandins. It can play a role in increased tumor angiogenesis, apoptosis inhibition, metastasis, and invasion of tumors. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the COX-2 promoter may associate with the cancer predisposition. In the present work, we aimed to explore whether SNPs of COX-2 gene affect both the risk of development and grade of bladder cancer. \u0000Method: This case-control study was performed and the genetic polymorphisms of six COX-2 SNPs including, intron 1 (rs2745557), intron 5 (rs16825748), intron 6 (rs2066826), T+8473C (rs5275), G-765 (rs20417), and A-1195G (rs68946) were genotyped in 80 healthy controls and 80 bladder cancer patients using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). To select independent prognostic factors, the univariate and multivariate analyses were implemented. \u0000Results: Univariate logistic regression model indicated a significant association between COX-2 765G>C heterozygous GC genotype and greater risk of bladder cancer (OR: 2.07; 95% CI: 1.03 - 4.15; P= 0.04). However, the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed no associations between COX-2 variants and bladder cancer development. \u0000Conclusion: We concluded that COX-2 polymorphisms do not contribute to the genetic susceptibility to urothelial bladder cancer in an Iranian population. However, the only genotype in which the frequency of alleles significantly differed between the two groups of high-grade tumors and low-grade tumors was COX -2 8473T> C (rs5275). Moreover, our findings showed that both smoking and family history of cancer play a role in susceptibility to bladder cancer.","PeriodicalId":44005,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44855966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-26DOI: 10.30476/MEJC.2021.86645.1363
Mojtaba Rashidi, A. Seghatoleslam
Background: Cyrtopodion scabrum is a kind of lizard, widely distributed in southwestern, central, and eastern Iran. In our previous studies, we showed the selective anticancer properties of Cyrtopodion scabrum extract (CSE) against certain gastrointestinal cancer cell lines with no significant harmful effects on the normal cells. Method: This in vitro study was conducted to investigate the mechanism of action of CSE in SW742 (colon cancer cell line) using western blotting, real-time PCR, and PI staining/flow cytometry analysis. Results: Western blot analysis showed that CSE up-regulates P53 protein expression significantly in SW742 cancer cell line while QRT-PCR results revealed that P53 mRNA did not increase accordingly. It is proposed that TP53 protein play its role as a tumor suppressor through the protein stability mechanism and not through the increase in the gene expression. Considering this fact, for TP53 stabilization, two of its target genes, p21 and mdm2, were regulated. We evaluated the mRNA expression of these two genes as well. The obtained data showed a significant increase in both genes by CSE (1000 μg/ml), suggesting that the induction of G2 cell cycle arrest, which we previously reported, may happen through P53 and P21over-expression. No significant decrease was observed in apoptosis when SW742 cells were co-treated with CSE and the inhibitor of P53 transcriptional activity, (PFT)-α, indicating that the induction of apoptosis with CSE did not occur through P53-dependent transcriptional activity. Conclusion: The obtained results herein revealed that the observed anti-cancer effect of CSE may occur through TP53 up-regulation, yet with P53-independent transcriptional activity.
{"title":"Induction of Apoptosis with Cyrtopodion Scabrum Extract in Colon Cancer Cells: A Preliminary Study on Targeting P53 Signaling Pathway","authors":"Mojtaba Rashidi, A. Seghatoleslam","doi":"10.30476/MEJC.2021.86645.1363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/MEJC.2021.86645.1363","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cyrtopodion scabrum is a kind of lizard, widely distributed in southwestern, central, and eastern Iran. In our previous studies, we showed the selective anticancer properties of Cyrtopodion scabrum extract (CSE) against certain gastrointestinal cancer cell lines with no significant harmful effects on the normal cells. Method: This in vitro study was conducted to investigate the mechanism of action of CSE in SW742 (colon cancer cell line) using western blotting, real-time PCR, and PI staining/flow cytometry analysis. Results: Western blot analysis showed that CSE up-regulates P53 protein expression significantly in SW742 cancer cell line while QRT-PCR results revealed that P53 mRNA did not increase accordingly. It is proposed that TP53 protein play its role as a tumor suppressor through the protein stability mechanism and not through the increase in the gene expression. Considering this fact, for TP53 stabilization, two of its target genes, p21 and mdm2, were regulated. We evaluated the mRNA expression of these two genes as well. The obtained data showed a significant increase in both genes by CSE (1000 μg/ml), suggesting that the induction of G2 cell cycle arrest, which we previously reported, may happen through P53 and P21over-expression. No significant decrease was observed in apoptosis when SW742 cells were co-treated with CSE and the inhibitor of P53 transcriptional activity, (PFT)-α, indicating that the induction of apoptosis with CSE did not occur through P53-dependent transcriptional activity. Conclusion: The obtained results herein revealed that the observed anti-cancer effect of CSE may occur through TP53 up-regulation, yet with P53-independent transcriptional activity.","PeriodicalId":44005,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48338395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-26DOI: 10.30476/MEJC.2021.86391.1340
F. H. Shandiz, Vahid Ghavami, Nooshin Akbari Sharak, M. Saghafi, S. Khaniki
Background: The impact of initiation time of radiotherapy after breast surgery on disease-free status of patient is a controversial issue. We assessed the relationship between the delay in adjuvant radiotherapy and surgery and relapse or metastasis-free survival in women with breast cancer taking heavy censoring into account. Method: This was a historical cohort study on 284 patients with breast cancer, who underwent surgery between 2001 and 2007 and followed up until March 2017. The association of the duration between radiotherapy and surgery, as well as other demographic and clinical factors with occurrence of local relapse or metastasis of breast cancer was examined through penalized Cox regression modeling. The obtained data were analyzed using R 3.6.3. Results: A total of 284 women with the mean age of 47.2 ± 11.3 years met the inclusion criteria. The maximum follow-up time was 11.1 years and the time between surgery and radiotherapy was 168 ± 84.3 days. About 10% of the patients experienced local relapse and 19% had metastasis. In multiple analysis of factors related to disease-free survival, the stage of disease was significant while surgery to radiotherapy interval (≤180 days vs >180 days) did not have any significant impacts on hazard of failure. Analysis of 3, 4, or 5 months of delay in radiation therapy did not imply any significant affects. Conclusion: In the studied patients, the delay in radiotherapy initiation after surgery did not lead into outcomes of local relapse or metastasis.
{"title":"Association of Postoperative Radiotherapy Delay with Relapse and Metastasis in Women with Breast Cancer Using Penalized Cox Regression","authors":"F. H. Shandiz, Vahid Ghavami, Nooshin Akbari Sharak, M. Saghafi, S. Khaniki","doi":"10.30476/MEJC.2021.86391.1340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/MEJC.2021.86391.1340","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The impact of initiation time of radiotherapy after breast surgery on disease-free status of patient is a controversial issue. We assessed the relationship between the delay in adjuvant radiotherapy and surgery and relapse or metastasis-free survival in women with breast cancer taking heavy censoring into account. Method: This was a historical cohort study on 284 patients with breast cancer, who underwent surgery between 2001 and 2007 and followed up until March 2017. The association of the duration between radiotherapy and surgery, as well as other demographic and clinical factors with occurrence of local relapse or metastasis of breast cancer was examined through penalized Cox regression modeling. The obtained data were analyzed using R 3.6.3. Results: A total of 284 women with the mean age of 47.2 ± 11.3 years met the inclusion criteria. The maximum follow-up time was 11.1 years and the time between surgery and radiotherapy was 168 ± 84.3 days. About 10% of the patients experienced local relapse and 19% had metastasis. In multiple analysis of factors related to disease-free survival, the stage of disease was significant while surgery to radiotherapy interval (≤180 days vs >180 days) did not have any significant impacts on hazard of failure. Analysis of 3, 4, or 5 months of delay in radiation therapy did not imply any significant affects. Conclusion: In the studied patients, the delay in radiotherapy initiation after surgery did not lead into outcomes of local relapse or metastasis.","PeriodicalId":44005,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45999781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-26DOI: 10.30476/MEJC.2021.85263.1265
B. Rohani, N. Mahdavi, A. Karimi, S. Najafi, Mahrokh Amiri
Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is an uncommon malignant mesenchymal tumor. This tumor arises from smooth muscle cells and mostly occurs behind the peritoneum area, including pelvis and uterus. Oral LMS is exceedingly rare and occurs mainly in the bones and the soft tissues. It generally involves adults, without any considerable specific age or sex predominance. This tumor has a clinically aggressive growth pattern and is usually presented as a non-ulcerated, painless, destructive mass with a relatively firm consistency. LMS can be easily mistaken for other more common spindle cell lesions by only light microscopic evaluation; consequently, immunohistochemical study is helpful for the definitive diagnosis. The suggested treatment modalities include excision, radical surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy.. Wide surgical resection is the most preferred treatment protocol. Herein, we report a clinically controversial case of gingival LMS in a 32-year-old female and also discuss the diagnostic procedures and treatment modalities in this malignancy.
{"title":"Gingival Leiomyosarcoma in a Young Woman: Report of a Challenging Case","authors":"B. Rohani, N. Mahdavi, A. Karimi, S. Najafi, Mahrokh Amiri","doi":"10.30476/MEJC.2021.85263.1265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/MEJC.2021.85263.1265","url":null,"abstract":"Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is an uncommon malignant mesenchymal tumor. This tumor arises from smooth muscle cells and mostly occurs behind the peritoneum area, including pelvis and uterus. Oral LMS is exceedingly rare and occurs mainly in the bones and the soft tissues. It generally involves adults, without any considerable specific age or sex predominance. This tumor has a clinically aggressive growth pattern and is usually presented as a non-ulcerated, painless, destructive mass with a relatively firm consistency. LMS can be easily mistaken for other more common spindle cell lesions by only light microscopic evaluation; consequently, immunohistochemical study is helpful for the definitive diagnosis. The suggested treatment modalities include excision, radical surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy.. Wide surgical resection is the most preferred treatment protocol. Herein, we report a clinically controversial case of gingival LMS in a 32-year-old female and also discuss the diagnostic procedures and treatment modalities in this malignancy.","PeriodicalId":44005,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45246900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-26DOI: 10.30476/MEJC.2021.85406.1279
Flor Fakour, M. Moghimi, A. Esmaeilzadeh, Faranak Kalantari, F. Eskandari, Sajjad Biglari, S. Mazloomzadeh
Background: The protective role of vitamin D in the occurrence of breast cancer is nowadays a controversial matter. Based on conflicting results of the studies in this field and also considering the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Iranian women, this work was conducted to evaluate the association between vitamin D and breast cancer. Method: This matched case-control study was conducted on 70 newly diagnosed breast cancer patients and 70 controls with the same age, menopause status, and time of blood sampling in Zanjan. Information regarding demographic, reproductive, history of diseases, medication, use of dairy products, and sunlight exposure was collected using a questionnaire. The serum level of vitamin D was measured with ELISA method. The data were analyzed utilizing Chi-square test, Independent T-test, and Odds Ratios using Conditional logistic regression model. Results: The mean level of vitamin D was 39.04 and 63.34 ng/ml in the cases and controls, respectively (P=0.046). The proportion of the cases in the highest quartile of vitamin D was significantly smaller than that in the controls compared to the lowest quartile (Ptrend=0.028). Using Conditional logistic regression model, an inverse and independent association was observed between vitamin D and breast cancer after controlling main confounders. The risk of breast cancer was independently associated with BMI and low income. Conclusion: In this study, an inverse association was confirmed between vitamin D and breast cancer. Prospective intervention studies should be performed to explore its role in the prevention of breast cancer.
{"title":"Association between Plasma 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Breast Cancer Risk: A Matched Case-Control Study","authors":"Flor Fakour, M. Moghimi, A. Esmaeilzadeh, Faranak Kalantari, F. Eskandari, Sajjad Biglari, S. Mazloomzadeh","doi":"10.30476/MEJC.2021.85406.1279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/MEJC.2021.85406.1279","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The protective role of vitamin D in the occurrence of breast cancer is nowadays a controversial matter. Based on conflicting results of the studies in this field and also considering the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Iranian women, this work was conducted to evaluate the association between vitamin D and breast cancer. \u0000Method: This matched case-control study was conducted on 70 newly diagnosed breast cancer patients and 70 controls with the same age, menopause status, and time of blood sampling in Zanjan. Information regarding demographic, reproductive, history of diseases, medication, use of dairy products, and sunlight exposure was collected using a questionnaire. The serum level of vitamin D was measured with ELISA method. The data were analyzed utilizing Chi-square test, Independent T-test, and Odds Ratios using Conditional logistic regression model. \u0000Results: The mean level of vitamin D was 39.04 and 63.34 ng/ml in the cases and controls, respectively (P=0.046). The proportion of the cases in the highest quartile of vitamin D was significantly smaller than that in the controls compared to the lowest quartile (Ptrend=0.028). Using Conditional logistic regression model, an inverse and independent association was observed between vitamin D and breast cancer after controlling main confounders. The risk of breast cancer was independently associated with BMI and low income. \u0000Conclusion: In this study, an inverse association was confirmed between vitamin D and breast cancer. Prospective intervention studies should be performed to explore its role in the prevention of breast cancer.","PeriodicalId":44005,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42848640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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