Chemical Society Reviews最新文献

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Outstanding Reviewers for Chemical Society Reviews in 2024 2024年化学学会评论优秀审稿人

IF 40.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Chemical Society Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.1039/D5CS90059J

We would like to take this opportunity to thank all of Chemical Society Reviews’ reviewers for helping to preserve quality and integrity in chemical science literature. We would also like to highlight the Outstanding Reviewers for Chemical Society Reviews in 2024.

我们想借此机会感谢所有化学学会评论的审稿人，感谢他们帮助保持化学科学文献的质量和完整性。我们还想突出2024年化学学会评论的杰出审稿人。

引用次数: 0

Chemical-assisted analysis of epigenetic modifications 表观遗传修饰的化学辅助分析

IF 46.2 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Chemical Society Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.1039/d5cs00479a

Xucong Teng, Qiushuang Zhang, Yicong Dai, Hongwei Hou, Jinghong Li

Epigenetic modifications, particularly those occurring on nucleic acid bases, play a pivotal role in regulating gene expression and cellular function without altering the underlying nucleic acid sequences. These subtle chemical alterations, such as methylation, hydroxymethylation, and acylation, are intricately linked to various biological processes. The analysis of base modifications poses significant challenges because of their minimal structural differences from unmodified bases, which traditional methods relying on double-stranded complementarity often fail to distinguish effectively. Nevertheless, the distinct chemical properties conferred by these modifications provide an opportunity for the development of novel approaches for their specific recognition. In this review, we elucidate the biological significance of nucleic acid modifications, including their diverse types, genomic distribution, abundance, and functions. We then delve into the principles and applications of chemical-assisted analysis methods, which leverage the unique chemical properties of modified bases to transform them into detectable derivatives. We comprehensively discuss various base conversion strategies, encompassing oxidation, reduction, deamination, addition, substitution, and coupling reactions. Moreover, we address the limitations of current chemical-assisted methods, such as insufficient sensitivity for low-abundance modifications, stringent reaction conditions, variable conversion efficiencies, challenges in single-cell analysis, and the loss of spatial information. Finally, we emphasize the significance of nucleic acid modifications in unraveling biological processes and disease mechanisms, and highlight the potential of chemical-assisted methods in advancing epigenetic research and precision medicine.

表观遗传修饰，特别是发生在核酸碱基上的修饰，在不改变基础核酸序列的情况下，在调节基因表达和细胞功能方面发挥着关键作用。这些微妙的化学变化，如甲基化、羟甲基化和酰化，与各种生物过程错综复杂地联系在一起。碱基修饰与未修饰碱基的结构差异极小，传统的双链互补方法往往无法有效区分碱基修饰与未修饰碱基的结构差异。尽管如此，这些修饰所赋予的独特化学性质为开发针对它们的特异性识别的新方法提供了机会。在这篇综述中，我们阐述了核酸修饰的生物学意义，包括它们的不同类型、基因组分布、丰度和功能。然后，我们深入研究了化学辅助分析方法的原理和应用，这些方法利用修饰碱基的独特化学性质将其转化为可检测的衍生物。我们全面讨论各种碱转化策略，包括氧化，还原，脱氨，加成，取代和偶联反应。此外，我们还解决了当前化学辅助方法的局限性，例如对低丰度修饰的灵敏度不足，严格的反应条件，可变的转化效率，单细胞分析的挑战以及空间信息的丢失。最后，我们强调了核酸修饰在揭示生物过程和疾病机制方面的重要性，并强调了化学辅助方法在推进表观遗传学研究和精准医学方面的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Advancements and prospects of near-infrared-light driven CO2 reduction reaction 近红外光驱动CO2还原反应的研究进展与展望

IF 46.2 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Chemical Society Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.1039/d4cs00721b

Siheng Yang, Wei Che, Yanhua Shao, Woo Jin Byun, Xiaodong Li, Xingchen Jiao, Ruixiang Li, Jae Sung Lee, Jiaqi Xu, Jong-Beom Baek

In the realm of photoconversion of CO₂ into high-value chemicals, the importance of near-infrared (NIR) light is gradually gaining recognition. Relative to ultraviolet (UV) and visible light, NIR light (700–2500 nm), accounting for ca. 50% of solar energy, offers unique advantages such as deeper penetration depth and stronger photothermal effects. Thus, utilizing NIR light can not only compensate for the inherent limitations of UV/visible light-based CO₂ reduction systems, but also maximize the use of solar energy. However, efficiently harnessing NIR light remains challenging because of its low photon energy, making it difficult to drive CO₂ reduction. Additionally, the limited knowledge of the reduction mechanism driven by low-energy photons further hinders progress in this field. In this review, we systematically introduce the motivation and fundamental principles of NIR-light-driven CO₂ reduction, the design strategies for NIR-light-activated photocatalysts (including the energy band structure regulation strategy, the energy transfer strategy, and the photothermal utilization strategy), NIR-light absorption mechanisms of these catalysts, and representative applications of these strategies. Finally, we present our perspectives on the challenges facing NIR-light-driven CO₂ reduction and provide suggestions for improving current photocatalysts, characterization techniques, evaluation procedures, and potential large-scale applications in future research. With further advancements in NIR-light-driven CO₂ reduction, it holds great promise to maximize the exploitation of solar energy, ultimately achieving efficient CO₂ photoconversion for industrial applications.

在二氧化碳光转化为高价值化学品的领域，近红外（NIR）光的重要性逐渐得到认识。相对于紫外线（UV）和可见光，近红外光（700 - 2500nm）约占太阳能的50%，具有穿透深度更深、光热效应更强等独特优势。因此，利用近红外光不仅可以弥补基于紫外线/可见光的二氧化碳减排系统的固有局限性，而且还可以最大限度地利用太阳能。然而，有效利用近红外光仍然具有挑战性，因为它的光子能量很低，很难推动二氧化碳的减少。此外，对低能光子驱动的还原机制的有限了解进一步阻碍了这一领域的进展。本文系统地介绍了nir光驱动CO2还原的动力和基本原理、nir光激活光催化剂的设计策略（包括能带结构调节策略、能量转移策略和光热利用策略）、nir光吸收机理以及这些策略的代表性应用。最后，我们展望了nir光驱动CO2减排面临的挑战，并提出了改进现有光催化剂、表征技术、评估程序和未来大规模应用研究的建议。随着nir光驱动二氧化碳减排技术的进一步发展，它有望最大限度地利用太阳能，最终实现工业应用中高效的二氧化碳光转换。

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引用次数: 0

Revisiting the reactivity of carbon dioxide: from physical and chemical properties to reactive carbon capture. 回顾二氧化碳的反应性：从物理和化学性质到活性碳捕获。

IF 46.2 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Chemical Society Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-06-25 DOI: 10.1039/d5cs00285k

Jerik Mathew Valera Lauridsen,Ji-Woong Lee

The commonly believed low chemical reactivity of CO2 is misguiding, considering the high electrophilicity of Csp of CO2, the seemingly omnipresent photosynthetic C-C bond formation, and the enzymatic hydrolysis of CO2 to form carbonic acid on the surface of water. Here, we discuss the electrophilic reactivity and thermodynamic stability of CO2 under standardized conditions to shed light on the properties of CO2 that can be relevant in applications. This is particularly important to guide and rationalize new technologies of carbon capture and, more importantly, for utilization by understanding physical and chemical parameters that matter. This tutorial review, therefore, illustrates how to revisit the reactivity of CO2 from the perspective of its utility for developing suitable solutions for carbon capture and utilization, particularly for the concept of reactive capture of CO2, based on the available thermodynamic and kinetic data in recent literature.

考虑到CO2的高亲电性Csp，似乎无处不在的光合作用C-C键形成，以及CO2在水表面酶解形成碳酸，通常认为CO2的低化学反应性是错误的。在这里，我们讨论了标准化条件下CO2的亲电反应性和热力学稳定性，以阐明CO2在应用中相关的性质。这对于指导和合理化碳捕获的新技术尤其重要，更重要的是，通过了解重要的物理和化学参数来利用碳捕获。因此，本教程综述说明了如何根据最近文献中可用的热力学和动力学数据，从开发碳捕获和利用的合适解决方案的效用角度重新审视二氧化碳的反应性，特别是二氧化碳的反应性捕获的概念。

引用次数: 0

Sustainable decommissioning of perovskite solar cells: from waste to resources. 钙钛矿太阳能电池的可持续退役：从废物到资源。

IF 46.2 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Chemical Society Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-06-24 DOI: 10.1039/d5cs00359h

Valentina Larini,Matteo Degani,Silvia Cavalli,Giulia Grancini

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have witnessed a rapid progression as emerging alternatives for innovative photovoltaics (PVs). However, this promising growth also comes with challenges related to the end-of-life (EoL) management of exhausted devices. In this review, we discuss different studies on the implications of the decommissioning of PSCs from a sustainable perspective by reviewing current PSC recycling strategies as general guidelines in the field of EoL PSCs. We hope that this review would encourage the necessary development of more virtuous energy-efficient and environmentally friendly recycling protocols for PSC recovery, from lab- to large-scale application in view of perovskite-based PV technology's imminent jump to the market.

钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSCs）作为创新光伏（pv）的新兴替代品，发展迅速。然而，这种有希望的增长也带来了与耗尽设备的寿命终止（EoL）管理相关的挑战。在这篇综述中，我们从可持续的角度讨论了不同的研究，通过回顾目前的PSC回收策略作为EoL PSC领域的一般指导方针。鉴于基于钙钛矿的光伏技术即将进入市场，我们希望这篇综述将鼓励从实验室到大规模应用的PSC回收的更良性、节能和环保的回收协议的必要发展。

引用次数: 0

Unveiling gas production in rechargeable batteries via in situ differential electrochemical mass spectrometry 通过原位差分电化学质谱法揭示可充电电池的产气情况

IF 46.2 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Chemical Society Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-06-23 DOI: 10.1039/d5cs00276a

Guochuan Tang, Jiyu Zhang, Siyu Ma, Junyu Li, Zhangquan Peng, Weihua Chen

The operation of rechargeable batteries is always accompanied by the generation and accumulation of gases due to side reactions. Timely detection of gas production is particularly critical for ensuring battery safety and extending operational lifetimes. In this review, an emerging spectrometry technique—in situ differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS)—for real-time gas detection, aiming to provide a detailed understanding of gas production behavior and underlying mechanisms, was systematically reviewed. The fundamentals of DEMS equipment and its significant development and evolution process in battery gas detection are discussed. By analysing extensive experimental data, the effects of external parameters on gas production in batteries and their quantitative impacts were evaluated. To elucidate the essence of gas generation, the reaction mechanisms are comprehensively analysed and discussed at the molecular scale, utilizing in situ DEMS detection data and complementary characterization methods. Furthermore, effective strategies for suppressing gas production, ranging from laboratory research to industrial applications, are introduced. Finally, promising directions for advancing gas monitoring technologies are identified to inspire the revolutionary design of safer and longer-lasting batteries.

充电电池的工作中总是伴随着由于副反应产生的气体的产生和积累。及时检测天然气产量对于确保电池安全和延长使用寿命尤为重要。在这篇综述中，系统地回顾了一种新兴的用于实时气体检测的光谱技术——原位差分电化学质谱（dem），旨在详细了解气体生产行为和潜在机制。论述了dms设备的基本原理及其在电池气体检测中的重要发展和演变过程。通过分析大量的实验数据，评估了外部参数对电池产气量的影响及其定量影响。为了阐明气体生成的本质，利用原位dem检测数据和互补表征方法，在分子尺度上对反应机理进行了全面分析和讨论。此外，还介绍了从实验室研究到工业应用的有效抑制产气策略。最后，确定了推进气体监测技术的有希望的方向，以激发更安全，更持久的电池的革命性设计。

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引用次数: 0

New guidelines and definitions for type I photodynamic therapy. I型光动力疗法的新指南和定义。

IF 46.2 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Chemical Society Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs01079d

Mingle Li,Jianhua Xiong,Yingying Zhang,Le Yu,Lizhou Yue,Changyu Yoon,Yujin Kim,Yang Zhou,Xiaoqiang Chen,Yunjie Xu,Xiaojun Peng,Jong Seung Kim

The advent of photochemical technologies has revolutionized biology and medicine, offering groundbreaking innovations in cancer treatment and beyond. Among these, photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as a promising approach to cancer therapy, leveraging cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) to eliminate cancer cells. While traditional type II PDT relies on high oxygen levels and consumes substantial amounts of oxygen, type I PDT requires less oxygen and holds great potential in addressing the hypoxic microenvironments characteristic of solid tumors. Over the last six years, our research team has made pioneering contributions to this field, with a particular focus on type I photosensitizers (PSs) and their diverse applications, including oxygen-sparing PDT, mitochondrial respiration inhibitors, modulation of cellular self-protection pathways, targeted cancer cell destruction, regulation of cellular signaling pathways, immune activation via nanomedicines, and intracellular oxygen-independent artificial photoredox catalysis. Notably, in 2018, our research proposed a "partial oxygen-recyclable mechanism" mediated by O2˙-, successfully revealing why the type I mechanism can be used for overcoming PDT hypoxia resistance. This revitalized interest in type I PDT and inspired numerous research groups worldwide to develop a plethora of new O2˙- photogenerators. However, inconsistencies in mechanistic interpretations, detection methodologies, and application strategies have arisen due to fragmented communication within the field of photoscience and ambiguity in some key definitions. Given our research team's significant contributions and expertise in the type I PDT domain, we believe it is imperative to present a comprehensive review to establish standardized definitions, mechanisms, molecular designs, detection techniques, and clinical applications of type I PDT in cancer diagnosis and treatment. Our goal is to provide a clear and authoritative resource for both specialists and non-specialists, fostering a deeper understanding of type I PDT and inspiring future innovations to advance more effective and clinically relevant therapies for cancer treatment.

光化学技术的出现彻底改变了生物学和医学，在癌症治疗等领域提供了突破性的创新。其中，光动力疗法（PDT）已经成为一种很有前途的癌症治疗方法，利用细胞毒性活性氧（ROS）来消除癌细胞。传统的II型PDT依赖于高氧水平并消耗大量氧气，而I型PDT需要较少的氧气，并且在解决实体肿瘤的缺氧微环境特征方面具有很大的潜力。在过去的六年里，我们的研究团队在这一领域做出了开创性的贡献，特别关注I型光敏剂（ps）及其各种应用，包括保氧PDT，线粒体呼吸抑制剂，细胞自我保护途径的调节，靶向癌细胞破坏，细胞信号通路的调节，通过纳米药物的免疫激活，以及细胞内不依赖氧气的人工光氧化还原催化。值得注意的是，2018年，我们的研究提出了一种由O2˙-介导的“部分氧可循环机制”，成功揭示了为什么I型机制可以用于克服PDT缺氧抗性。这重新激发了人们对I型PDT的兴趣，并激励了世界各地的许多研究小组开发出大量新的O2˙光发生器。然而，由于光科学领域内交流的碎片化和一些关键定义的模糊性，在机理解释、检测方法和应用策略上出现了不一致。鉴于我们的研究团队在I型PDT领域的重要贡献和专业知识，我们认为有必要对I型PDT在癌症诊断和治疗中的标准化定义、机制、分子设计、检测技术和临床应用进行全面的综述。我们的目标是为专家和非专业人士提供清晰和权威的资源，促进对I型PDT的更深入理解，并激发未来的创新，以推进更有效和临床相关的癌症治疗方法。

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引用次数: 0

Correction: Unified approaches in transition metal catalyzed C(sp3)–H functionalization: recent advances and mechanistic aspects 修正：过渡金属催化C(sp3)-H功能化的统一方法：最新进展和机理方面。

IF 40.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Chemical Society Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1039/D5CS90054A

Jagrit Grover, Amal Tom Sebastian, Siddhartha Maiti, Alex C. Bissember and Debabrata Maiti

Correction for ‘Unified approaches in transition metal catalyzed C(sp³)–H functionalization: recent advances and mechanistic aspects’ by Jagrit Grover et al., Chem. Soc. Rev., 2025, 54, 2006–2053, https://doi.org/10.1039/D0CS00488J.

修正“过渡金属催化C(sp3)-H功能化的统一方法：最近的进展和机制方面”，由jagit Grover等人，化学。Soc。Rev., 2025, 54,2006 -2053, https://doi.org/10.1039/D0CS00488J。

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Navigating the functionalization of unactivated alkenes via visible light photocatalysis 通过可见光催化导航非活化烯烃的功能化

IF 40.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Chemical Society Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.1039/D5CS00181A

Guang-Mei Cao, Si-Shun Yan, Lei Song, Yuan-Xu Jiang, Tian-Yu Gao, Zhen Chen, Wei Zhang, Jian-Heng Ye and Da-Gang Yu

Direct functionalization of unactivated alkenes has emerged as a highly effective strategy for the rapid construction of multi-functional, complex molecular architectures from simple, abundant chemicals. This area of research has garnered increasing attention and continues to be a focus of contemporary chemistry. Recent years have witnessed substantial advancements driven by the discovery of photocatalysis and the expansion of activation strategies, which have led to the discovery of novel transformations and the refinement of established reactions. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the visible-light photocatalytic functionalization of unactivated alkenes, with a particular emphasis on key reactions and mechanistic insights into transformations via hydrofunctionalization, difunctionalization and functionalized alkene retention. Furthermore, we discuss the recent progress, ongoing challenges and emerging opportunities in this significant field, highlighting the synthetic utility and potential for future applications.

非活化烯烃的直接功能化已成为从简单、丰富的化学物质中快速构建多功能、复杂分子结构的一种非常有效的策略。这一研究领域引起了越来越多的关注，并继续成为当代化学的焦点。近年来，由于光催化的发现和激活策略的扩展，导致了新转化的发现和既定反应的改进，取得了实质性的进展。在这篇综述中，我们提供了非活化烯烃可见光催化功能化的全面概述，特别强调了关键反应和机理的见解转化通过加氢功能化，双功能化和功能化烯烃保留。此外，我们还讨论了这一重要领域的最新进展、面临的挑战和新出现的机遇，强调了其综合效用和未来应用的潜力。

引用次数: 0

Tin-halide perovskites for light-emitting diodes 发光二极管用卤化锡钙钛矿

IF 40.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Chemical Society Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.1039/D5CS00340G

Xiao-Zhen Li, Yilong Ye, Yu Cao, Diwei Zhang, Yuan Lin, Jin Chang, Lin Zhu, Nana Wang, Wei Huang and Jianpu Wang

Tin-halide perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) have garnered significant attention due to their exceptional potential in achieving high-performance and eco-friendly light-emitting devices. Tin-halide PeLEDs have recently achieved notable breakthroughs in device efficiency, spectral tunability, and long-term operational stability. However, the facile oxidation of Sn²⁺ and rapid crystallization kinetics have substantially constrained their further development. The oxidation of Sn²⁺ and fast crystallization of the perovskite layer lead to a p-doping nature and high defect densities, which result in low photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) and unbalanced charge injection. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of the oxidation and crystallization processes is key to the further advancement of tin-halide PeLEDs. In this review, we discuss the basic properties of tin-halide perovskites. A comprehensive analysis of the fundamental mechanisms underlying the efficiency limitations and stability issues in these devices is provided. Subsequently, we present the latest advances in achieving efficient and stable operation, which provides a clear set of design rules for the development of high-efficiency and stable tin-halide PeLEDs. The remaining challenges and perspectives toward developing high-efficiency and stable optoelectronic devices are also discussed, with the aim of optimizing the PLQY, emission wavelength control, balanced charge injection, and commercialization.

卤化锡钙钛矿发光二极管（PeLEDs）因其在实现高性能和环保发光器件方面的特殊潜力而受到广泛关注。卤化锡发光二极管最近在器件效率、光谱可调性和长期运行稳定性方面取得了显著的突破。然而，Sn2+的易氧化和快速结晶动力学极大地限制了它们的进一步发展。Sn2+的氧化和钙钛矿层的快速结晶导致了p掺杂性质和高缺陷密度，导致了低的光致发光量子产率（PLQY）和不平衡的电荷注入。因此，深入了解氧化和结晶过程是进一步发展卤化锡发光二极管的关键。本文综述了卤化锡钙钛矿的基本性质。对这些装置的效率限制和稳定性问题的基本机制进行了全面分析。随后，我们介绍了实现高效稳定运行的最新进展，为开发高效稳定的卤化锡发光二极管提供了一套明确的设计规则。讨论了开发高效稳定光电器件的挑战和前景，以优化PLQY、发射波长控制、平衡电荷注入和商业化为目标。

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