Chemical Society Reviews最新文献

Over recent decades, transition-metal-catalyzed asymmetric carbene insertion into metalloid–hydrogen bonds (B–H/Si–H/Ge–H) has become a prominent research area. This review summarizes recent enantioselective strategies for constructing chiral organoboron, organosilicon, and organogermanium compounds through carbon–metalloid bond formation. Approaches are classified by chirality induction modes, with emphasis on transition-metal catalysts paired with precisely designed chiral ligands, including bisoxazolines, dienes, carboxylates, and diimines. Mechanistic correlations between ligand architectures and stereocontrol are discussed. Additionally, environmentally friendly biocatalytic approaches using engineered enzymes are also highlighted.

This review outlines several linear optical effects featured by molecular polaritons arising in the collective strong light–matter coupling regime. Under weak laser irradiation and when the single-molecule light–matter coupling can be neglected (often in the limit when the number of molecules per photon mode is large), we show that the excited-state molecular dynamics under collective strong coupling can be exactly replicated without the cavity using a shaped (or “filtered”) laser, whose field amplitude is enhanced by the cavity quality factor, shining on the bare molecules. As a consequence, the absorption within a cavity can be understood as the overlap between the polariton transmission and the bare molecular absorption, suggesting that polaritons act in part as optical filters. This framework demystifies and provides a straightforward explanation for a large class of experiments and theoretical models in molecular polaritonics, highlighting that the same effects can be achieved without the cavity with shaped laser pulses. With a few modifications, this simple conceptual picture can also be adapted to understand the incoherent nonlinear response of polaritonic systems. This review establishes a clear distinction between polaritonic phenomena that can be fully explained through classical linear optics and those that require a quantum electrodynamics approach. It also highlights the need to differentiate between effects that necessitate polaritons (i.e., hybrid light–matter states) and those that can occur in the weak coupling regime. We further discuss that certain quantum optical effects like fluorescence can be partially described as optical filtering, whereas some others like cavity-induced Raman scattering go beyond this. Further exploration in these areas is needed to uncover novel polaritonic phenomena beyond optical filtering.

Most biomolecules play important roles in aggregated states, as exemplified by proteins and DNA. Inspired by biomacromolecule formation, the exploration of intracellular bioactive materials derived from exogenous molecules has drawn considerable interest. In cells, exogenous molecules may assemble into macromolecules and supermolecules and thus help monitor disease processes or regulate the cell fate, which provides a new approach to disease treatment. The diverse cellular microenvironments (reductive in the cytoplasm, oxidative in mitochondria, and acidic in lysosomes) can be exploited to achieve controllable and precise intracellular aggregation using intelligent molecular design. Moreover, the intracellular polymerization and organelle targeting–triggered aggregation of exogenous molecules can be used for cell fate manipulation. This review deals with the intracellular aggregation of exogenous molecules activated by intracellular stimuli, exogenous stimuli, and organelle targeting and discusses the related molecular mechanisms and biomedical applications, providing guidance for the design of bioactive materials and discovery of theranostic agents.

This review explores the emerging field of supramolecular engineering in hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite optoelectronics. The incorporation of supramolecular agents has shown transformative effects on the crystallization, morphology, stability, and performance of perovskite-based materials and devices. We systematically review the types of supramolecular interactions, mechanisms of supramolecular engineering crystallization, synthesis of perovskite quantum dots, and interface engineering advancements for device stability. This comprehensive evaluation discusses the latest progress, challenges, and promising future directions, highlighting supramolecular engineering's potential in advancing hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite optoelectronic technologies.

Most of the zeolites synthesised in the last 3 or 4 decades employ organic structure-directing agents (OSDAs) in their synthesis. The synthesis or test of new OSDAs is a major driving force in order to achieve the goal of synthesising a new zeolite. Despite this, predicting which zeolite phase will form when a specific OSDA is used remains a complex challenge. Moreover, even knowing the zeolite phase that will be obtained using a given OSDA, it is not easy to always rationalise or fully explain the result obtained. Computational simulations have occasionally been employed, and in a number of cases they are limited to calculate the van der Waals contribution between zeolite and the OSDA molecules (zeo-OSDA). Strongly negative values indicate an increasing viability of the synthesis, but it is only by comparison between competing zeolite phases that some insight can be gained, and this has been done in a limited number of cases. Other, less simple, approaches consider the total energy of the zeolite formed, of which the van der Waals zeo-OSDA contribution is not always the dominant contribution. These and other similar procedures need to be analysed and summarised in order to clarify the pros and cons of each approach. The recent advent of big data has allowed to construct databases that make it possible to analyse a large number of results. With the help of new descriptors and algorithms (some of them making use of artificial intelligence) further advances have been made. In spite of the large pool of data available, it becomes difficult to systematise and obtain general rules. A recent burst to this topic comes from the possibility to (at least partially) control the Al distributions by selecting appropriate OSDAs. These Al distributions influence the location and strength of Brønsted acid sites which in turn are directly responsible for the catalytic activity of the material.

Correction for ‘DNA-mediated precise regulation of SERS hotspots for biosensing and bioimaging’ by Jingjing Zhang et al., Chem. Soc. Rev., 2025, https://doi.org/10.1039/d5cs00124b.

Nitrogen-centered radicals have emerged as versatile intermediates in natural product biosynthesis, playing pivotal roles in complex bond-forming and rearrangement reactions—including fragmentations, cyclizations, and dimerizations. These transformations enable the efficient construction of structurally intricate alkaloids, amino acids, cofactors, and other scaffolds that are often inaccessible via classical polar mechanisms. This review provides an overview of the enzymatic systems discovered and characterized over the past decade that harness nitrogen-centered radicals to mediate diverse biological transformations. Emphasis is placed on the enzymatic strategies for generating and precisely controlling these reactive species, with detailed discussions of their underlying mechanisms. These insights underscore the expanding role of nitrogen radical chemistry in biology and highlight its potential in the development of new biocatalytic platforms for synthetically challenging transformations.

Zeolites are indispensable catalysts in a wide range of industrial applications due to their well-defined microporous structures and exceptional shape-selective properties. However, their practical use is often constrained by diffusion limitations, which can hinder reactant accessibility, influence product selectivity, and accelerate catalyst deactivation. This review critically examines strategies to alleviate these diffusion constraints, focusing on hierarchical structuring, nanozeolite synthesis, and advanced shaping techniques. We discuss fundamental diffusion theories, experimental characterization methods, and emerging methodologies that enhance mass transport in zeolites. By bridging fundamental principles with industrial applications, this review provides a comprehensive overview of how tailored zeolite architectures can optimize catalytic performance, paving the way for more efficient and sustainable processes.

Cuproptosis, a novel form of copper (Cu)-dependent programmed cell death, is induced by directly binding Cu species to lipoylated components of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Since its discovery in 2022, cuproptosis has been closely linked to the field of materials science, offering a biological basis and bright prospects for the use of Cu-based nanomaterials in various disease treatments. Owing to the unique physicochemical properties of nanomaterials, Cu delivery nanosystems can specifically increase Cu levels at disease sites, inducing cuproptosis to achieve disease treatment while minimizing the undesirable release of Cu in normal tissues. This innovative nanomaterial-mediated cuproptosis, termed as “nanocuproptosis”, positions at the intersection of chemistry, materials science, pharmaceutical science, and clinical medicine. This review aims to comprehensively summarize and discuss recent advancements in cuproptosis across various diseases, with a particular focus on cancer. It delves into the biochemical basis of nanomaterial-mediated cuproptosis, the rational design for cuproptosis inducers, strategies for enhancing therapeutic specificity, and cuproptosis-centric synergistic cancer therapeutics. Beyond oncology, this review also explores the expanded applications of cuproptosis, such as antibacterial, wound healing, and bone tissue engineering, highlighting its great potential to open innovative therapeutic strategies. Furthermore, the clinical potential of cuproptosis is assessed from basic, preclinical to clinical research. Finally, this review addresses current challenges, proposes potential solutions, and discusses the future prospects of this burgeoning field, highlighting cuproptosis nanomedicine as a highly promising alternative to current clinical therapeutics.

Desymmetrization strategies have emerged as practical methods for the efficient construction of desired molecules from readily accessible symmetrical precursors. This approach has found widespread application in natural product total synthesis as it simplifies the materials preparation, enables the precise control of chirality formation, and inspires innovative retrosynthetic analysis. Here, we summarize recent advances (2014–2024) of the applications of desymmetrization strategies in natural product total synthesis, and showcase their advantages in designing new reactions and synthetic strategies, with the aim to foster their wider application in total synthesis.