Carbohydrate Polymers最新文献_第3页

Cyclodextrin-enhanced edible coatings for extending shelf life of perishable foods: A comprehensive review with emphasis on fruits and vegetables 环糊精增强可食用涂层用于延长易腐食品的保质期：以水果和蔬菜为重点的综合综述

IF 12.5 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymers

Pub Date : 2026-05-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.125063

Pitt Supaphol , Pairayaphak Ngamplang

Global food loss—approximately one-third of all production—demands innovative preservation technologies. Cyclodextrin (CD)-enhanced edible coatings offer a promising sustainable solution combining biodegradability, food-grade safety, and multifunctional preservation capabilities. This review systematically examines CD inclusion complex technology in edible coatings for fruits and vegetables, analyzing how different CD types (α-, β-, γ-CD and modified derivatives) affect encapsulation efficiency, release kinetics, and preservation efficacy. We elucidate how CD incorporation modifies physicochemical properties of coating matrices—including chitosan, alginate, starch, gelatin, and zein—through hydrogen bonding and polymer network interactions that influence thermal, mechanical, rheological, and barrier characteristics. Quantitative synthesis across 40+ studies reveals encapsulation efficiencies of 53–99%, controlled release extending from hours to 35 days, and preservation outcomes achieving 75–200% shelf life extension, 25–60% weight loss reduction, and >90% microbial inhibition in optimized systems. The review critically evaluates structure-property-function relationships, identifies contradictions in mechanical property effects, and assesses regulatory frameworks and scale-up challenges. Key knowledge gaps—including standardized protocols, life cycle assessments, and consumer acceptance studies—are identified, and future research directions emphasizing CD-based metal-organic frameworks and smart responsive coatings are proposed. CD-enhanced edible coatings represent a significant opportunity to reduce food waste while contributing to global food security.

全球粮食损失——约占所有产量的三分之一——需要创新的保存技术。环糊精（CD）增强的可食用涂料提供了一种有前途的可持续解决方案，结合了生物降解性、食品级安全性和多功能保存能力。本文系统地研究了CD包合技术在果蔬可食用涂层中的应用，分析了不同类型CD （α-、β-、γ-CD及其修饰衍生物）对包封效率、释放动力学和保鲜效果的影响。我们阐明了CD掺入如何通过氢键和聚合物网络相互作用改变涂层基质的物理化学性质，包括壳聚糖、海藻酸盐、淀粉、明胶和玉米蛋白，这些相互作用影响热、机械、流变学和屏障特性。40多项研究的定量合成表明，优化后的体系包封效率为53-99%，控释时间从数小时延长至35天，保存效果达到75-200%的保质期延长，25-60%的重量减轻，90%的微生物抑制。该综述批判性地评估了结构-性能-功能关系，确定了机械性能效应中的矛盾，并评估了监管框架和扩大规模的挑战。确定了关键的知识缺口，包括标准化协议，生命周期评估和消费者接受度研究，并提出了未来的研究方向，强调基于cd的金属有机框架和智能响应涂层。光盘增强型可食用涂料为减少食物浪费、促进全球粮食安全提供了重要机会。

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引用次数: 0

Cationic chitosan/silsesquioxane hybrid cryogel with antibacterial activity for efficient removal of Cr (VI) 具有抗菌活性的阳离子壳聚糖/硅氧烷杂化低温凝胶的研究

IF 12.5 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymers

Pub Date : 2026-05-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.125065

Xiaohan Zhao , Yubin Huang , Zhenhong Huang , Hongzhi Liu

The hazards of aqueous Cr (VI) are severe, necessitating adsorbents with high capacity, applicability, and recyclability. In this study, a novel water-soluble cationic quaternary ammonium silsesquioxane (SQ-N) was synthesized and subsequently reacted with chitosan (CS), polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA), and pentaerythritol tetrakis (3-mercaptopropionate) (PETMP) to fabricate a flexible chitosan hybrid cryogel (PPSC-x (x = 1, 2, 3)) through UV cross-linking followed by freeze-drying. The resulting cryogel was comprehensively characterized using FTIR, XRD, TGA, SEM, EDS, and XPS analyses. The PPSC-x (x = 1, 2, 3) cryogel possessed abundant active sites and superior mechanical properties, rendering them suitable for the efficient removal of Cr (VI) from wastewater. The adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic, achieving a maximum equilibrium adsorption capacity of 274 mg g⁻¹ at 328 K. The adsorption of Cr (VI) followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model and conformed to the Langmuir isotherm. PPSC-3 maintained >90% removal efficiency over five cycles and demonstrated notable antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. A prototype device further validated its practical potential for wastewater treatment.

水溶液中铬（VI）的危害是严重的，需要具有高容量、适用性和可回收性的吸附剂。本研究合成了一种新型水溶性阳离子季铵盐硅氧烷（SQ-N），并与壳聚糖（CS）、聚乙二醇二丙烯酸酯（PEGDA）和季戊四醇四（3-巯基丙酸）（PETMP）通过紫外交联制备了柔性壳聚糖杂化低温凝胶（PPSC-x (x = 1,2,3)），然后进行冷冻干燥。利用FTIR、XRD、TGA、SEM、EDS、XPS等分析手段对所制备的低温凝胶进行了全面表征。PPSC-x （x = 1,2,3）低温凝胶具有丰富的活性位点和优异的力学性能，适用于废水中Cr （VI）的高效去除。吸附过程为自发吸热吸附，在328 K下达到274 mg g−1的最大平衡吸附量。Cr （VI）的吸附服从拟二级动力学模型，符合Langmuir等温线。PPSC-3在5个循环中保持了90%的去除效率，并对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌表现出显著的抗菌活性。一个原型装置进一步验证了它在废水处理方面的实际潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Photo-induced in-situ synthesized nanocellulose-based SERS substrate integrated with molecularly imprinted polymer for selective detection of pesticide residues 光诱导原位合成纳米纤维素基SERS底物与分子印迹聚合物集成用于农药残留的选择性检测

IF 12.5 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymers

Pub Date : 2026-05-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.125050

Xingyue Liu , Liucheng Meng , Wen Deng , Yuzhou Yang , Yanling Lou , Jianfeng Xi , Peng Li , Lei Zhang , Weibing Wu

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a highly sensitive technology to detect target analytes. Herein, we propose a novel nanocellulose-based SERS platform integrating SERS with molecular imprinting technology (MIP) for ultrasensitive and selective detection of pesticide residues. A uniform, dense, and surface-clean “hot spots” nanostructure was eco-friendly constructed based on cellulose nanofiber (CNF) films. The CNF film serves as a substrate for the photo-induced in-situ growth of silver nanoparticles without additional reducing agents and surfactants. By regulating pre-polymer viscosity (8.7 mPa·s at 2-hour pre-polymerization), a thin and uniform MIP layer was precisely coated on the “hot spots” via dip-coating, ensuring optimal balance between selectivity and SERS activity. The resulting SERS-MIP architecture increases the likelihood that target molecules penetrate MIP-covered “hot spots”, yielding high sensitivity, reproducibility, and specificity toward parathion-methyl. The SERS substrate exhibited excellent sensitivity, reproducibility and selectivity for parathion-methyl, with a limit of detection of 3.97 × 10⁻¹¹ g/L and relative standard deviation of 7.60%. Moreover, it demonstrated remarkable capability in detecting pesticide residues on irregular surfaces of real samples, using a wiping sampling method that fully leverages the flexibility of the CNF film. This approach successfully integrates MIP with SERS technology, offering a flexible SERS substrate for on-site food safety monitoring.

表面增强拉曼散射（SERS）是一种检测目标分析物的高灵敏度技术。在此，我们提出了一种基于纳米纤维素的SERS平台，将SERS与分子印迹技术（MIP）相结合，用于超灵敏和选择性的农药残留检测。基于纤维素纳米纤维（CNF）薄膜构建了均匀、致密、表面清洁的“热点”纳米结构。CNF薄膜作为光诱导原位生长银纳米粒子的衬底，不需要额外的还原剂和表面活性剂。通过调节预聚物的黏度（预聚2小时时为8.7 mPa·s），通过浸渍涂覆的方式将一层薄而均匀的MIP层精确地涂在“热点”上，确保了选择性和SERS活性之间的最佳平衡。由此产生的SERS-MIP结构增加了目标分子穿透mip覆盖的“热点”的可能性，对甲基对硫磷具有高灵敏度、可重复性和特异性。SERS底物对甲基对硫磷具有良好的灵敏度、重现性和选择性，检测限为3.97 × 10−11 g/L，相对标准偏差为7.60%。此外，它在检测实际样品不规则表面的农药残留方面表现出了出色的能力，使用了充分利用CNF膜灵活性的擦拭采样方法。该方法成功地将MIP与SERS技术集成在一起，为现场食品安全监测提供了灵活的SERS基板。

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引用次数: 0

Oral absorption, cellular uptake and transport mechanisms of a novel glucuronogalactomannan from Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg in the intestinal epithelium 一种新型葡萄糖醛酸半乳甘露聚糖的口服吸收、细胞摄取和肠上皮内转运机制

IF 12.5 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymers

Pub Date : 2026-05-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.125023

Chenjun Shen , Fangmei Zhou , Yuchi Chen , Bingqi Zhu , Yafei Li , Zian Mao , Yuexia Wang , Xiaoyan Li , Mingyuan Zhou , Jianjun Wu , Zhishan Ding

Understanding the oral absorption mechanisms of natural polysaccharides is critical for their further study and application. This study focused on a novel glucuronogalactomannan (STHP5) isolated from Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg and systematically investigated its intestinal absorption and transcellular transport. STHP5 was fluorescently labeled with Cyanine5.5 amine (CSTHP5) and 5-(4,6-dichlorotriazinyl) aminofluorescein (FSTHP5) for in vivo and in vitro tracking. Fluorescence spectroscopy, fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses confirm successful fluorescent labeling of STHP5. Near-infrared imaging demonstrated that CSTHP5 was absorbed in the small intestine and predominantly accumulated in the liver and kidney. Single-pass intestinal perfusion confirmed preferential absorption of FSTHP5 in the ileum. In vitro, FSTHP5 uptake occurred through macropinocytosis, clathrin-mediated, and caveolae-mediated endocytosis; its intracellular trafficking was governed by the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)–Golgi and endosome–lysosome pathways with microtubule participation; and its exocytosis was predominantly mediated by the ER–Golgi pathway and microtubules. In Caco-2 cell monolayers, transcellular transport was dose- and time-dependent and likely receptor-mediated. Together, STHP5 achieves efficient oral absorption across the intestinal epithelium via an integrated transport mode involving multi-pathway endocytosis, directed intracellular trafficking, and exocytosis, providing new insights into the absorption mechanisms of hydrophilic, high-molecular-weight polysaccharides and informing delivery system design.

了解天然多糖的口服吸收机制对其进一步研究和应用具有重要意义。本研究以一种新型葡糖醛酸半乳甘露聚糖（glucuronogalactomannan, STHP5）为研究对象，对其肠道吸收和跨细胞转运进行了系统研究。用Cyanine5.5 amine （CSTHP5）和5-（4,6-二氯三嗪基）aminofluorescein （FSTHP5）对STHP5进行荧光标记，用于体内和体外跟踪。荧光光谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱和核磁共振分析证实了STHP5的成功荧光标记。近红外成像显示，cthp5在小肠被吸收，主要积聚在肝脏和肾脏。单次肠灌流证实了FSTHP5在回肠的优先吸收。在体外，FSTHP5的摄取通过巨噬细胞、网格蛋白介导和小泡介导的内吞作用发生；其胞内运输受内质网(ER) -高尔基体和内核体-溶酶体途径控制，微管参与；其胞吐作用主要由er -高尔基体途径和微管介导。在Caco-2细胞单层中，跨细胞转运是剂量和时间依赖的，可能是受体介导的。综上所述，STHP5通过一种包括多途径内吞作用、定向胞内运输和胞外作用的综合转运模式实现了肠上皮的有效口服吸收，为研究亲水、高分子量多糖的吸收机制提供了新的见解，并为递送系统的设计提供了信息。

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引用次数: 0

Imidazolium salt chitosan based on bacterial capture: Antimicrobial mechanisms, biosafety, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus-infected wound healing 基于细菌捕获的咪唑盐壳聚糖：抗菌机制、生物安全性和耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌感染的伤口愈合

IF 12.5 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymers

Pub Date : 2026-05-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.125083

Yongsheng Ma , Li Xu , Ruixuan Wang , Zhongshan Lu , Jian You , Hankun Cao , Xiangdong Feng , Jinping Zhou , Shuangquan Wu , Qifa Ye

The global burden of disease caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections is escalating, necessitating the urgent development of novel antimicrobial materials that combine safety and high efficacy. Herein, a strategy combining bacterial capture with highly efficient broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity is employed to prepare a series of imidazolium salt chitosan (IMSCs) through a simple method. IMSCs-5 exhibits a capture-kill capability with a low propensity to induce bacterial resistance. It primarily induces bacterial death through intracellular reactive oxygen species generation and multiple synergistic mechanisms. Additionally, IMSCs-5 demonstrates strong therapeutic effects on wounds infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, without causing notable systemic toxicity. These findings suggest that IMSCs provides new ideas for the rational design of novel antimicrobial materials, making it suitable for clinical applications in the treatment of MDR bacterial infections.

耐多药（MDR）细菌感染引起的全球疾病负担正在加剧，迫切需要开发安全高效的新型抗菌材料。本文采用细菌捕获与高效广谱抗菌活性相结合的策略，通过简单的方法制备了一系列咪唑盐壳聚糖（IMSCs）。IMSCs-5具有捕获-杀死能力，诱导细菌耐药的倾向较低。它主要通过细胞内活性氧的产生和多种协同机制诱导细菌死亡。此外，IMSCs-5对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌感染的伤口显示出较强的治疗效果，而不会引起明显的全身毒性。这些发现表明，IMSCs为新型抗菌材料的合理设计提供了新的思路，适合临床应用于耐多药细菌感染的治疗。

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引用次数: 0

Predicting acetalated dextran nanoparticle features: Controlled synthesis, formulation, and testing in a high-throughput process 预测醋酸化右旋糖酐纳米颗粒的特征：在高通量过程中控制合成，配方和测试

IF 12.5 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymers

Pub Date : 2026-05-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.124890

Thorben Köhler , Sreekanth Kunchapu , Antje Vollrath , Kourosh Rezaei , Julian Kimmig , Steffi Stumpf , Stephanie Hoeppener , Ivo Nischang , Kevin M. Jablonka , Ulrich S. Schubert , Stephanie Schubert

The hydrophobic, pH-labile, and biodegradable acetalated dextran (Ac(e)Dex) is a promising material for drug delivery in nanomedicine. However, fundamental knowledge about the structure-property relationships is still missing, which hinders its application in preclinical and clinical trials. In this study, we synthesized a library of 36 Ac(e)Dex derivatives with different molar masses, types, and degrees of functionalization. A high-throughput formulation screening (> 1000 formulations) was conducted using a liquid handling robot optimizing the concentration of polymer, the solvent, and the addition of additives. Selected formulations were scaled up and evaluated for their stability. To further correlate polymer properties with stability, a machine learning (ML) model was developed, providing a predictive tool for Ac(e)Dex nanoparticle degradation based on synthesis/formulation data. The novelty of this work lies in the integrated synthesis-to-prediction pipeline combining controlled polymer synthesis, high-throughput formulation, and ML-based stability modeling, rather than introducing new chemical mechanisms. By eludicating how structural parameters (molar mass, type, and degree of functionalization) influence formulation properties (i.e., size, dispersity, repeatability) and particle stability, this work enables standardized comparisons of Ac(e)Dex between different studies and supports its future preclinical development.

疏水、ph不稳定、可生物降解的醋酸化葡聚糖（Ac(e)Dex）是一种很有前途的纳米药物递送材料。然而，关于其结构-性质关系的基础知识仍然缺乏，这阻碍了其在临床前和临床试验中的应用。在这项研究中，我们合成了36个具有不同摩尔质量、类型和功能化程度的Ac(e)Dex衍生物库。采用液体处理机器人进行了高通量配方筛选（>； 1000个配方），优化了聚合物的浓度、溶剂和添加剂的添加。选定的配方按比例放大并评估其稳定性。为了进一步将聚合物性质与稳定性联系起来，研究人员开发了一种机器学习（ML）模型，为基于合成/配方数据的Ac(e)Dex纳米颗粒降解提供了预测工具。这项工作的新颖之处在于将受控聚合物合成、高通量配方和基于ml的稳定性建模相结合的综合合成到预测管道，而不是引入新的化学机理。通过阐明结构参数（摩尔质量、类型和功能化程度）如何影响配方性质（即大小、分散性、可重复性）和颗粒稳定性，这项工作使不同研究之间的Ac(e)Dex标准化比较成为可能，并为其未来的临床前开发提供支持。

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引用次数: 0

Multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose/polydopamine dual-network conductive hydrogels for motion detection and photothermal therapy 用于运动检测和光热治疗的多功能羧甲基纤维素/聚多巴胺双网络导电水凝胶

IF 12.5 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymers

Pub Date : 2026-05-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.125074

Yiying Wei , Bo Cong , Xiaopu Ji , Dangyang Wang , Jinghui Hu , Zonglei Mou , Haiqing Song , Yue Zhi , Yushu Liu , Guofeng Zhang , Wan Ru Sun , Pingyu Wang , Deqiang Wang , Shuyang Xie , Ranran Wang

Flexible wearable sensors have garnered significant attention in recent years and exhibit promising application potential in the field of healthcare. Conductive hydrogels have emerged as ideal materials for the development of flexible wearable sensors due to their tunable structural properties, mechanical flexibility, and ease of processing. Nevertheless, most hydrogels are primarily engineered for detecting physiological signals, such as movement and electromyography (EMG), yet lack therapeutic functionalities. In addition, Previous reported hydrogels fabricated from synthetic polymers may retain residual small-molecule monomers, posing cytotoxicity risks. Herein, we report a multifunctional conductive hydrogel composed of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), polydopamine (PDA), and polypyrrole-polydopamine-MnO_x nanoparticles (P-NPs), designed for concurrent motion monitoring, electromyography (EMG) signal detection, and photothermal therapy. The hydrogel was synthesized through a one-step amidation/oxidative polymerization approach, yielding an interpenetrating dual-network architecture with enhanced mechanical strength and tissue adhesion relative to single-network systems. The incorporation of P-NPs imparts high electrical conductivity, enabling real-time monitoring of physiological signals (e.g., joint movement, muscle activity), as well as effective photothermal conversion under near-infrared (NIR) irradiation. Notably, the hydrogel facilitates on-demand photothermal therapy to mitigate muscle fatigue upon detection of abnormal EMG signals, offering a strategy to prevent exercise-induced injury. Owing to its excellent biocompatibility and stability, the CMC/PDA/P-NPs hydrogel represents a promising platform for next-generation wearable devices integrating diagnostic and therapeutic functions.

柔性可穿戴传感器近年来备受关注，在医疗保健领域显示出良好的应用潜力。导电水凝胶由于其可调的结构特性、机械灵活性和易于加工，已成为开发柔性可穿戴传感器的理想材料。然而，大多数水凝胶主要用于检测生理信号，如运动和肌电图（EMG），但缺乏治疗功能。此外，先前报道的由合成聚合物制成的水凝胶可能保留残留的小分子单体，造成细胞毒性风险。在此，我们报道了一种由羧甲基纤维素（CMC）、聚多巴胺（PDA）和聚吡啶-聚多巴胺-氮氧化物纳米颗粒（P-NPs）组成的多功能导电水凝胶，设计用于并发运动监测、肌电（EMG）信号检测和光热治疗。该水凝胶是通过一步酰胺化/氧化聚合方法合成的，产生了互穿的双网络结构，相对于单网络体系具有更高的机械强度和组织粘附性。P-NPs的结合赋予了高导电性，能够实时监测生理信号（例如，关节运动，肌肉活动），以及在近红外（NIR）照射下的有效光热转换。值得注意的是，水凝胶促进按需光热疗法，在检测到异常肌电信号时减轻肌肉疲劳，为预防运动引起的损伤提供了一种策略。由于其优异的生物相容性和稳定性，CMC/PDA/P-NPs水凝胶代表了下一代可穿戴设备集成诊断和治疗功能的有前途的平台。

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引用次数: 0

Electrospinning of food-grade polysaccharides and proteins: Materials, challenges, and applications 食品级多糖和蛋白质的静电纺丝：材料、挑战和应用

IF 12.5 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymers

Pub Date : 2026-05-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.125070

Khubaib Ali , Nadia Niaz , Faizan Ul Haq , Muhammad Waseem , Waqas Ashraf , Chen Guoxun , Mangang Wu

Electrospinning fabricates nanoscale fibers from food-grade polysaccharides and proteins. These fibers have high surface area, tunable porosity, and the ability to encapsulate various compounds, sparking interest in active packaging, food preservation, and nutraceutical delivery. A wide variety of food biopolymers are poorly spinnable due to low solubility, high surface tension, or lack of chain entanglement. In recent investigations, the limitation has been overcome by adopting co-solvent systems, mixing with synthetic or natural polymers, and using hybrid and coaxial spinning methods to enhance fiber formation and stability. Research on proteins and polysaccharides has shown enhancements in mechanical strength and barrier properties, as well as protection against antioxidants, antimicrobials, probiotics, and other sensitive molecules. Reported studies show that electrospun food-grade nanofibers can achieve encapsulation efficiencies exceeding 90% and extend shelf life by 10–20 days, depending on the formulation. Electrospun biopolymer fibers are promising biodegradable, functional packaging substitutes and delivery carriers in food and nutraceuticals. However, issues persist regarding solvent safety, production scalability, and regulatory approval for direct food contact. Research on greener spin media, fiber formation, and packaging integration could help transfer electrospun biopolymers from the lab to commercial food applications.

静电纺丝用食品级多糖和蛋白质制造纳米级纤维。这些纤维具有高表面积、可调孔隙度和封装各种化合物的能力，引起了人们对活性包装、食品保存和营养保健输送的兴趣。由于溶解度低、表面张力高或缺乏链缠结，许多食品生物聚合物的可纺性很差。在最近的研究中，通过采用共溶剂体系，与合成或天然聚合物混合，以及使用混合和同轴纺丝方法来提高纤维的形成和稳定性，已经克服了这一限制。对蛋白质和多糖的研究表明，它们具有增强的机械强度和屏障性能，以及对抗氧化剂、抗菌剂、益生菌和其他敏感分子的保护作用。据报道，根据配方的不同，电纺丝食品级纳米纤维的包封效率可以超过90%，保质期可以延长10-20天。电纺丝生物聚合物纤维是一种很有前途的生物可降解的功能性包装替代品和食品、营养品的输送载体。然而，关于溶剂安全性、生产可扩展性和直接食品接触的监管批准等问题仍然存在。对更环保的纺丝介质、纤维形成和包装整合的研究可以帮助将电纺丝生物聚合物从实验室转移到商业食品应用中。

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引用次数: 0

Structural elucidation of an amylopectin from Astragalus membranaceus by integrating selective and quantitative NMR spectra with database matching 利用选择性和定量NMR光谱与数据库匹配相结合的方法研究黄芪支链淀粉的结构

IF 12.5 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymers

Pub Date : 2026-05-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.125046

Junyin Zhang , Caihong Li , Yu Yang , Yaling Deng , Jiang Xin , Zhongyan Zhu , Xiu Gu , Kaifeng Hu

Elucidating homopolysaccharide structures presents significant challenges due to pronounced NMR signal overlap. In this study, we elucidated the structure of a neutral homopolysaccharide APS-N, purified from Astragalus membranaceus by integrating high-resolution, highly selective, and quantitative NMR techniques with empirical database matching. First, eight well-resolved H1/H2 cross-peaks in the DQF-COSY spectrum were assigned to define monosaccharide residues A-H. Complete sets of ¹H and ¹³C chemical shifts for each monosaccharide spin system were obtained from TOCSY and 2D HSQC-TOCSY experiments, with proton assignments further verified by 1D DREAMTIME TOCSY and paired with their carbon counterparts in HSQC spectrum. An in-house R script was then developed to identify residues A-H by systematically comparing their ¹³C/¹H chemical shift pairs against an empirical database of 1929 fully assigned sugar residues from literatures. It revealed that APS-N consisted exclusively of glucose residues with diverse glycosidic linkage patterns. The ¹H and ¹³C assignments were further validated by intra-residue HMBC correlations. Subsequently, the glycosidic linkages were determined by mapping the assignments of the inter-residue cross-peaks in HMBC, ROESY and 2D HSQC-ROESY spectra. Finally, integration with ¹H qNMR-derived stoichiometric ratios enabled complete structural elucidation of APS-N. In summary, the proposed workflow provides an effective alternative for homopolysaccharide structural characterization.

由于明显的核磁共振信号重叠，阐明均多糖结构提出了重大挑战。在这项研究中，我们利用高分辨率、高选择性、定量的核磁共振技术和经验数据库匹配技术，从黄芪中纯化了中性多糖APS-N的结构。首先，在DQF-COSY光谱中分配了8个高分辨的H1/H2交叉峰来定义单糖残基A-H。从TOCSY和二维HSQC-TOCSY实验中获得了每个单糖自旋体系的完整的1H和13C化学位移，通过1D DREAMTIME TOCSY进一步验证了质子分配，并在HSQC光谱中与碳对应物配对。然后开发了一个内部R脚本，通过系统地将它们的13C/1H化学位移对与文献中1929个完全分配的糖残基的经验数据库进行比较，来识别A-H残基。结果表明，APS-N仅由具有多种糖苷连锁模式的葡萄糖残基组成。残基内HMBC相关性进一步验证了1H和13C的分配。随后，通过绘制HMBC， ROESY和2D HSQC-ROESY光谱中残基间交叉峰的分配来确定糖苷键。最后，结合1H qnmr衍生的化学计量比，完成了APS-N的结构解析。总之，提出的工作流程为同质多糖的结构表征提供了一种有效的替代方法。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring the physical phase behavior of Ulva polysaccharide and soybean isolate protein complexes: the effects of pH and ionic strength on gel properties 探索Ulva多糖和大豆分离蛋白复合物的物相行为：pH和离子强度对凝胶性质的影响

IF 12.5 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymers

Pub Date : 2026-05-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.125067

Kaixuan Bu , Wenqin Chu , Xianyu Li , Ziye Shen , Xinting Duan , Peng Wang

The phase behavior of protein and polysaccharide mixed systems is crucial for investigating the formation of macromolecular gels. This manuscript examined the interactions between soy protein isolate (SPI) and Ulva clathrata polysaccharides (UCP) under varying pH and calcium ion concentrations, elucidating the underlying mechanisms. State diagrams constructed by the biopolymer composite system provided an intuitive visualization of the phase behavior. As the pH increased, electrostatic repulsion intensified, leading to a stable turbid system in the SPI-UCP complexes. Gaussian fitting analysis revealed that at pH 9.0, intermolecular hydrogen bonds dominated the hydrogen bonding interactions. When the calcium ion concentration approached the critical boundary (200 mM), the SPI-UCP hydrogel exhibited optimal gel hardness, storage modulus, and a dense, uniform pore structure. However, excessive Ca²⁺ promoted uncontrolled aggregation and salting-out effects, which impaired network uniformity and reduced effective cross-link density. Comprehensive analysis indicated that the interactions between SPI and UCP involved hydrogen bonding, electrostatic forces, hydrophobic interactions, and Ca²⁺ bridging. These findings provided novel insights into the interplay between SPI and UCP, offering a new perspective for modulating the gelation properties of UCP.

蛋白质和多糖混合体系的相行为对于研究大分子凝胶的形成至关重要。本文研究了不同pH值和钙离子浓度下大豆分离蛋白（SPI）与水合Ulva clathrata多糖（UCP）之间的相互作用，并阐明了其潜在机制。由生物聚合物复合体系构建的状态图提供了相行为的直观可视化。随着pH值的增加，静电斥力增强，导致SPI-UCP配合物中的混浊体系稳定。高斯拟合分析表明，在pH为9.0时，分子间氢键主导了氢键相互作用。当钙离子浓度接近临界边界（200 mM）时，SPI-UCP水凝胶表现出最佳的凝胶硬度、存储模量和致密均匀的孔隙结构。然而，过量的Ca2+促进了不受控制的聚集和盐析效应，从而损害了网络的均匀性，降低了有效交联密度。综合分析表明，SPI与UCP之间的相互作用涉及氢键、静电力、疏水相互作用和Ca2+桥接。这些发现为SPI和UCP之间的相互作用提供了新的见解，为调节UCP的凝胶特性提供了新的视角。

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引用次数: 0