Food Policy最新文献_第4页

Inside the black box: how consistent are global food security crisis analyses? 黑箱内部：全球粮食安全危机分析的一致性如何？

IF 6 1区经济学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY

Food Policy

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.103028

Erin Lentz , Kathy Baylis , Hope Michelson , Chungmann Kim

The world relies on analyses by the United Nations-facilitated Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC) to identify where populations are food insecure and to quantify the severity of these crises. IPC sub-national analyses are designed to be comparable over space and time in the more than 30 countries in which the IPC operates. Humanitarian agencies appear to regard these findings as authoritative and comparable, and as of 2024, used IPC analyses to guide more than six billion dollars of annual aid allocations. We study the consistency and comparability of IPC food insecurity analyses across time and space. Drawing on 1,849 IPC subnational analyses covering 742 million people from fifteen countries between 2019 and 2023, we show that IPC analyses face significant challenges related to data availability and food security measurement, resulting from underlying food security indicators that are often discordant. We find that the vast majority of IPC subnational analyses are consistent with IPC technical guidance, but that this guidance permits a wide range of classifications for a given set of food security indicators. We also find evidence that IPC subnational analyses vary in the way they use food security data, often weighing food security indicators differently across locations. While variation in how analyses use food security indicators can plausibly reflect varying contextual factors across countries, we find evidence that analyses weight indicators differently across time for the same location. Finally, we show that analyses do not treat closely correlated food security indicators as substitutes, suggesting inconsistency in the treatment of food security indicators across analyses. We discuss implications of these findings for policy and for the interpretation and use of IPC analyses by researchers and policymakers.

世界依靠联合国促进的粮食安全阶段综合分类（IPC）的分析来确定哪些人口处于粮食不安全状态，并量化这些危机的严重程度。IPC的次国家分析旨在对IPC开展业务的30多个国家进行空间和时间上的比较。人道主义机构似乎认为这些调查结果具有权威性和可比性，截至2024年，利用IPC分析指导了每年60多亿美元的援助分配。我们研究IPC粮食不安全分析的一致性和可比性，跨越时间和空间。根据2019年至2023年期间涵盖15个国家7.42亿人口的1849项IPC次国家分析，我们发现IPC分析面临着数据可用性和粮食安全衡量方面的重大挑战，原因是潜在的粮食安全指标往往不一致。我们发现，绝大多数IPC次国家分析与IPC技术指南一致，但该指南允许对给定的一套粮食安全指标进行广泛的分类。我们还发现，有证据表明，IPC次国家分析在使用粮食安全数据的方式上存在差异，往往在不同地点对粮食安全指标的衡量不同。虽然分析如何使用粮食安全指标的差异可能合理地反映了各国不同的背景因素，但我们发现有证据表明，在同一地点，不同时间对权重指标的分析不同。最后，我们表明，分析没有将密切相关的粮食安全指标作为替代品，这表明在处理粮食安全指标的分析中存在不一致。我们讨论了这些发现对政策的影响，以及对研究人员和政策制定者解释和使用IPC分析的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Intraseasonal Variations in Time Use, Food Security, and Health Outcomes among Women in Rural Malawi 马拉维农村妇女时间使用、粮食安全和健康结果的季节性变化

IF 6 1区经济学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY

Food Policy

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.103011

Bertha Lilian Mkandawire , Ken Miura

The sequential nature of agriculture poses significant challenges to rural women in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in managing health and balancing farm and domestic work across different periods of the agricultural cycle. Despite its importance, empirical evidence on these intraseasonal dynamics remains limited. This study investigates intraseasonal variations in time use, food security, and anthropometric outcomes among female caregivers in 300 farm households in rural Malawi, using panel data collected at four points during the 2022/2023 agricultural season. Results show that women’s work hours increase during the lean period, reducing leisure time. Food insecurity also worsens during this period, contributing to declines in women’s nutritional status, particularly as measured by mid-upper arm circumference. Fluctuations in body weight further suggest community-wide structural dynamics within the agricultural season beyond individual health, labor supply, and household food insecurity. Overall, the findings underscore the need for policies that account for within-season variation—particularly the pre-harvest hunger period—to improve food security, nutritional outcomes, and, ultimately, women’s welfare in rural Malawi.

农业的顺序性给撒哈拉以南非洲的农村妇女带来了重大挑战，特别是在管理健康和在农业周期的不同时期平衡农场和家庭工作方面。尽管它很重要，但关于这些季节内动态的经验证据仍然有限。本研究调查了马拉维农村300个农户中女性看护者在时间利用、粮食安全和人体测量结果方面的季节性变化，使用的是在2022/2023农业季节的四个时间点收集的面板数据。结果表明，女性在精益期的工作时间增加，休闲时间减少。在此期间，粮食不安全状况也在恶化，导致妇女营养状况下降，特别是以上臂中部围围衡量。体重的波动进一步表明，除了个人健康、劳动力供应和家庭粮食不安全之外，整个社区在农业季节的结构动态也是如此。总体而言，研究结果强调需要制定政策，考虑到季节内的变化，特别是收获前的饥饿期，以改善马拉维农村地区的粮食安全、营养状况，并最终改善妇女的福利。

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引用次数: 0

Voices in the loop: policy networks shaping circular food consumption 循环中的声音：形成循环食品消费的政策网络

IF 6 1区经济学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY

Food Policy

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.103030

Gizem Yeter , Margherita Masi , Emanuele Dolfi , Ernesto S. Marrocco , Yari Vecchio , Piermichele La Sala , Felice Adinolfi

The circular economy has emerged as a viable alternative to the existing linear model for achieving sustainable food production and consumption. To identify the present structure of the circular economy at the policy level within the food sector, we engaged individuals involved in policymaking, referred to as a policy network. This paper presents the primary perspectives of the policy network on the adaptation and implementation of circular food consumption practices by using the Q methodology. This analysis examines the complex interplay of governance, incentives, collaborative engagement, and community-oriented strategies in achieving circularity in food consumption. Our results revealed four distinct yet complementary factor groups indicating that the transition towards circular food consumption practices should be built on societal models that emphasize resilience, shared responsibility, and shared governance, thus delivering not only a sustainable food system but also a more equitable one. In conclusion, the findings indicate that the transition entails more than a mere technical adjustment or behavioral change; it represents a complex transformation shaped by the values, priorities, and capacities of the involved policy networks.

循环经济已成为实现可持续粮食生产和消费的现有线性模式的可行替代方案。为了在食品行业的政策层面确定循环经济的当前结构，我们聘请了参与政策制定的个人，称为政策网络。本文通过使用Q方法介绍了政策网络对循环食品消费实践的适应和实施的主要观点。本分析考察了在实现食品消费循环过程中，治理、激励、合作参与和面向社区的战略之间复杂的相互作用。我们的研究结果揭示了四个不同但互补的因素组，表明向循环食品消费实践的过渡应建立在强调弹性、共同责任和共同治理的社会模式之上，从而不仅提供可持续的粮食系统，而且提供更公平的粮食系统。总之，调查结果表明，过渡需要的不仅仅是技术调整或行为改变；它代表了一种由相关政策网络的价值观、优先事项和能力决定的复杂转变。

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引用次数: 0

Shocking social safety: Evidence from violence and drought in North-east Nigeria 令人震惊的社会安全：来自尼日利亚东北部暴力和干旱的证据

IF 6 1区经济学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY

Food Policy

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.103005

Wolfgang Stojetz , Piero Ronzani , Jeanne Pinay , Marco d’Errico , Tilman Brück

Polycrises created by violent conflict and climate change are ubiquitous. Yet, the impacts of conflict and climatic shocks on human behavior and welfare have largely been studied in isolation. This paper studies the joint impact of conflict and climatic shocks on households’ social safety nets in fragile settings. Drawing on unique panel survey data from 1,293 households in North-east Nigeria, we document that experiencing a violence shock increases the strength of households’ social safety nets (SSN) when they do not experience a simultaneous drought shock. Yet, experiencing a violence shock decreases SSN strength when they experience a drought shock in addition. This perilous interaction between violence and drought shocks is concentrated in poorer local environments. When the local level of economic resources is high, in relative terms, the positive impact of a violence shock on SSN is dominant. However, when the level of economic resources is low, the influence of droughts shocks rises substantially and experiencing both a drought and a violence shock diminishes social safety drastically. The effect is driven primarily by the exhaustion of informal networks such as kinship- and neighbor-based transfers. Our findings emphasize the need for concerted social protection programs that not only account for the compounding vulnerability from poverty, conflict and climatic change but also recognize the fragility of informal support systems that form the backbone of resilience in fragile settings.

暴力冲突和气候变化造成的多重危机无处不在。然而，冲突和气候冲击对人类行为和福利的影响在很大程度上是孤立研究的。本文研究了冲突和气候冲击对脆弱环境下家庭社会安全网的共同影响。根据来自尼日利亚东北部1293个家庭的独特面板调查数据，我们证明，当家庭没有同时经历干旱冲击时，经历暴力冲击会增加家庭社会安全网（SSN）的强度。然而，经历暴力冲击时，当他们经历干旱冲击时，SSN强度会降低。暴力和干旱冲击之间这种危险的相互作用集中在较贫穷的地方环境。当当地经济资源水平较高时，相对而言，暴力冲击对社会安全保障的正向影响占主导地位。然而，当经济资源水平较低时，干旱冲击的影响会大大增加，同时经历干旱和暴力冲击会大大减少社会安全。这种影响主要是由非正式网络（如基于亲属关系和邻居的转移）的枯竭所驱动的。我们的研究结果强调，需要制定协调一致的社会保护计划，不仅要考虑到贫困、冲突和气候变化带来的脆弱性，还要认识到在脆弱环境中构成复原力支柱的非正式支持系统的脆弱性。

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引用次数: 0

Food effects of the 2021 expanded child tax credit 2021年扩大的儿童税收抵免的食品影响

IF 6 1区经济学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY

Food Policy

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.102982

Caitlin Dutta

Insufficient food is a hardship faced by many U.S. households. Several U.S. social safety net programs aim to improve these households’ food conditions. In this paper I examine effects of the 2021 expanded child tax credit on food insufficiency. I use a difference-in-differences design to assess the heterogeneous impacts of the credit’s monthly cash transfers to households with children. I find suggestive evidence that highlights the value of heterogeneity in policy evaluation and allows me to comment on the targeting of the policy and further policy implications. I find the payments significantly decreased self-reported food insufficiency for treated households relative to the control with larger effects for low-income, Black, Hispanic, low-education, and single-parent households. Additionally, households interacting with less accessible Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Programs saw larger effects of the payments than those with more accessible programs. Households facing a higher cost of living also saw larger food insufficiency effects than those facing a lower price level. I contribute to the literatures on the effects of cash transfers on food sufficiency and on the heterogeneous effects of government policies.

食物不足是许多美国家庭面临的难题。美国的几个社会安全网项目旨在改善这些家庭的食物状况。在本文中，我研究了2021年扩大的儿童税收抵免对食物不足的影响。我使用差异中之差设计来评估每月向有孩子的家庭提供现金补助的异质性影响。我发现了一些具有启发性的证据，这些证据突出了政策评估中异质性的价值，并使我能够对政策的目标和进一步的政策影响发表评论。我发现，与对照组相比，接受治疗的家庭自我报告的食物不足明显减少，对低收入、黑人、西班牙裔、低教育程度和单亲家庭的影响更大。此外，与那些更容易获得补充营养援助计划的家庭相比，与不易获得补充营养援助计划互动的家庭看到了更大的影响。生活成本较高的家庭也比物价水平较低的家庭受到更大的粮食不足影响。我对现金转移对粮食充足性的影响以及政府政策的异质效应的文献做出了贡献。

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引用次数: 0

The role of location in private food assistance: client travel patterns and accessibility 地点在私人粮食援助中的作用：客户旅行模式和可及性

IF 6 1区经济学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY

Food Policy

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.103029

Minhao Yan , David R. Just , Anne T. Byrne , Dongyue Zhang

We use cell phone location data to examine the social welfare impacts of spatial access to food pantries in the Southern Tier of New York State. Using weekly travel patterns of those living in census tracts identified as having high rates of food insecurity and the location and operating hours of pantries, we calculate the additional travel cost required to access a food pantry. Using this same method, we can examine the impact of relocating pantries or opening/closing pantries on social welfare. We find that strategically introducing new pantries in rural counties could improve welfare. Alternatively, urban counties appear to be much more affected by the limitations of current operating hours than by the geolocation of pantries.

我们使用手机定位数据来研究纽约州南部食品储藏室空间可及性对社会福利的影响。我们利用居住在人口普查区的人们的每周出行模式，以及食品储藏室的位置和营业时间，计算出进入食品储藏室所需的额外旅行成本。使用同样的方法，我们可以检查搬迁食品储藏室或开设/关闭食品储藏室对社会福利的影响。我们发现，战略性地在农村县引入新的食品储藏室可以改善福利。另外，城市县似乎更受当前营业时间限制的影响，而不是受食品储藏室地理位置的影响。

引用次数: 0

Public perceptions of land-policy-for-local-food goals: findings from a discrete choice experiment study 公众对土地政策换地方食物目标的看法：一项离散选择实验研究的结果

IF 6 1区经济学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY

Food Policy

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.103012

Grâce Kassis , Tina Rambonilaza

Over the last decade, the relocation of food supplies has gained relevance in many developed countries. Additionally, the literature on local food systems has shed light on the strategic role of land use control and public regulation of access to farmland in the emergence of pioneering initiatives. Yet a deeper understanding of what contributes to citizen support is essential for local policymakers to achieve land policy goals aimed at promoting local food production. This study draws on a discrete choice experiment to examine public preferences for policy packages involving specific targets for farmland uses and land regulation instruments (including a financial contribution). The survey was conducted to a sample of 700 residents living in France the Isère département. The econometric analysis identified two distinct groups with contrasting preferences. A minority living far from the urban centre, despite being indifferent to change, expressed a positive valuation of the planning of urban agriculture and of making use of public land for cultivation of field vegetables. This scenario echoes actions taken by some municipalities to offer locally produced food in school canteens. Conversely, people living in the urban centre or surrounding areas expressed preferences and high WTP for a proactive policy geared towards the use of public land for smaller farms and totally organic agriculture. This group is also found to place less value on planning. Overall, the policy scenarios envisioned by each group of citizens are consistent with their consumption behaviours. Research limitations and perspectives are then discussed.

在过去十年中，粮食供应的重新安置在许多发达国家已变得十分重要。此外，关于地方粮食系统的文献揭示了土地使用控制和对农田使用权的公共监管在开创性举措出现中的战略作用。然而，更深入地了解是什么促成了公民的支持，对于地方决策者实现旨在促进当地粮食生产的土地政策目标至关重要。本研究利用离散选择实验来检验公众对涉及农田使用具体目标和土地监管工具（包括财政捐助）的一揽子政策的偏好。这项调查对居住在法国的700名居民进行了抽样调查。计量经济学分析确定了两个具有不同偏好的不同群体。少数人住在远离城市中心的地方，尽管对变化漠不关心，但他们对城市农业的规划和利用公共土地种植野地蔬菜表示了积极的评价。这种情况与一些市政当局在学校食堂提供当地生产的食物的行动相呼应。相反，生活在城市中心或周边地区的人们对积极的政策表示偏好和高WTP，这些政策旨在将公共土地用于小型农场和完全有机农业。研究还发现，这一群体不太重视计划。总体而言，每组公民所设想的政策情景与他们的消费行为是一致的。然后讨论了研究的局限性和前景。

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引用次数: 0

Farmers’ Voices in European Protests: Diverse Complaints, Emotional Tones, and Policy Responses 农民在欧洲抗议活动中的声音：不同的抱怨、情绪语调和政策回应

IF 6 1区经济学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY

Food Policy

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.102999

Doris Läpple , Sophie Thoyer , Goedele Van den Broeck , Pauline Lécole , Yann de Mey , Jaap Sok

The 2024 farmers’ protests across Europe signaled widespread dissatisfaction in the agricultural sector. While low farm incomes and restrictive environmental regulations are commonly cited grievances, little is known about underlying motivations and individual farmers’ reasons for protesting. This study explores individual farmers’ protest motivations in Germany, France, Belgium, and the Netherlands to gain a deeper understanding of the diverse concerns shaping agricultural discontent across Europe. We analyze rich text data from 2232 farmers, collected through surveys using an open-ended question designed to elicit unprompted, top-of-mind protest reasons. By using a combination of hand and AI-assisted coding, we quantify protest reasons across countries, assess the emotional tone of farmers’ answers, and explore how this aligns with policy responses. Our findings indicate that farmers’ main protest reasons differ across the four countries, with German farmers mainly complaining about bureaucracy, French farmers about financial reasons, Belgian farmers expressing diverse complaints, while Dutch farmers focus mainly on the political environment. The emotional tone of farmers’ answers reveals that specific, targeted complaints are more often expressed in an annoyed angry tone, while broader topics seem to trigger aggressive anger. Linking farmers’ protest reasons to national and EU policy responses shows that, while some key complaints received adequate policy attention, environmental complaints were disproportionately prioritized by EU policymakers and some Member States. The findings from this study have important implications with the potential to improve the effectiveness of policy responses by contributing to the identification of adequate solutions to ease farmers’ grievances.

欧洲各地2024年的农民抗议活动表明，农业部门普遍存在不满情绪。虽然农民收入低和严格的环境法规是常见的不满，但人们对农民抗议的潜在动机和个人原因知之甚少。本研究探讨了德国、法国、比利时和荷兰的个体农民的抗议动机，以更深入地了解形成整个欧洲农业不满的各种问题。我们分析了2232位农民的富文本数据，这些数据是通过开放式问题调查收集的，旨在引出自发的、最重要的抗议原因。通过结合使用人工和人工智能辅助编码，我们量化了各国的抗议原因，评估了农民回答的情感基调，并探讨了这与政策反应的一致性。我们的研究结果表明，四个国家的农民的主要抗议原因不同，德国农民主要抱怨官僚主义，法国农民主要抱怨财政原因，比利时农民表达了不同的抱怨，而荷兰农民主要关注政治环境。农民回答的情感语气表明，具体的、有针对性的抱怨往往以一种恼火的语气表达，而更广泛的话题似乎会引发攻击性的愤怒。将农民的抗议原因与国家和欧盟的政策反应联系起来表明，虽然一些关键的投诉得到了足够的政策关注，但欧盟政策制定者和一些成员国不成比例地优先考虑环境投诉。本研究的结果具有重要意义，有助于找到缓解农民不满的适当解决方案，从而有可能提高政策应对的有效性。

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引用次数: 0

Impacts of high-standard farmland construction on farmers’ income in China: A comparative analysis of moderate-scale farmers and smallholders 中国高标准农田建设对农民收入的影响——基于中等规模农户和小农的比较分析

IF 6 1区经济学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY

Food Policy

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.102994

Wenyan Xu , Ming Gao , Shenggen Fan , Chen Zhu

In order to ensure food security and increase agricultural productivity, the Chinese government has implemented the high-standard farmland construction (HSFC) project. However, it is still unknown whether it can effectively serve as a new pathway for increasing moderate-scale farmers' and smallholders' income. Therefore, this study utilizes 66,750 samples from the 2019–2022 National Rural Fixed Observation Points Survey data, and 2SLS results indicate that HSFC increases moderate-scale farmers' total, agricultural, and nonfarm income by 1.30%, 1.06%, and 1.99%. Among smallholders, total income and nonfarm income increases 0.19% and 0.35%, while agricultural income drops 0.78%. Mechanism evidence shows that HSFC affects household income via changes in land transfer, mechanization, hired-labor input, and participation in nonfarm work. A heterogeneity analysis shows that the income-increasing effect of HSFC is greater among farmers who are more educated, male, or younger. However, it is necessary to be vigilant that HSFC may widen the income gap between farmers. Therefore, alongside the expansion of HSFC, particular attention should be given to vulnerable groups, with targeted support in credit access, mechanization services, and technical training to ensure equitable access to benefits.

为保障粮食安全和提高农业生产力，中国政府实施了高标准农田建设工程。然而，它能否有效地为中小农户增收提供一条新的途径，仍然是一个未知数。因此，本研究利用2019-2022年全国农村固定观测点调查数据中的66,750个样本，2SLS结果表明，HSFC使中等规模农民的总收入、农业收入和非农收入分别增加了1.30%、1.06%和1.99%。小农总收入和非农收入分别增长0.19%和0.35%，农业收入下降0.78%。机制证据表明，农村农村发展通过土地流转、机械化、雇佣劳动力投入和非农工作参与的变化影响家庭收入。异质性分析表明，在受教育程度较高、男性或较年轻的农民中，HSFC增加收入的效果更大。然而，有必要警惕的是，HSFC可能会扩大农民之间的收入差距。因此，在扩大农村农村金融服务的同时，应特别关注弱势群体，在信贷获取、机械化服务和技术培训方面提供有针对性的支持，以确保公平获得福利。

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引用次数: 0

Do food safety certifications improve the safety of our food system? evidence from the U.S. Meat, Poultry, and egg industry 食品安全认证是否提高了我们食品系统的安全性？来自美国肉类、家禽和蛋类行业的证据

IF 6 1区经济学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY

Food Policy

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.102980

Lijiao Hu , Yuqing Zheng

Private food safety certifications have become increasingly popular in the global agri-food supply chain over the last three decades. We examine a fundamental yet unaddressed question of whether food safety certifications make our food system safer. Focusing on the U.S. processing industry for meat, poultry, and eggs, the most likely contaminated foods, we matched unique establishment-level food safety certification data collected over the period of 2015–2018 with the microbial testing data from the government for processing establishments. By applying a penalized maximum likelihood method to address the rare event problem in the data, we found that the certification to the British Retail Consortium food safety standard leads to a decrease in the probability of testing positive for Salmonella and Campylobacter by 0.3 and two percent, respectively, and the certification to Safe Quality Food standard leads to a decrease in the probability of testing positive for Campylobacter and Listeria by one and 0.4 percent, respectively. Our results provide justification for firms to adopt certifications and for governments to use certifications to augment and supplement government food safety regulation efforts.

在过去的三十年里，私人食品安全认证在全球农业食品供应链中越来越受欢迎。我们研究了一个基本的尚未解决的问题，即食品安全认证是否使我们的食品系统更安全。我们将2015-2018年期间收集的独特的企业食品安全认证数据与政府对加工企业的微生物检测数据相匹配，重点关注美国肉类、家禽和蛋类加工行业，这是最可能受到污染的食品。通过应用惩罚最大似然法来解决数据中的罕见事件问题，我们发现，获得英国零售协会食品安全标准认证后，沙门氏菌和弯曲杆菌检测阳性的概率分别降低了0.3%和2%，获得安全质量食品标准认证后，弯曲杆菌和李斯特菌检测阳性的概率分别降低了1%和0.4%。我们的研究结果为企业采用认证和政府使用认证来加强和补充政府食品安全监管工作提供了理由。

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引用次数: 0