Subhajit Mondal, Sayantan Santra, N. Ali, S. Mandal, R. Mukherjee, A. Adhikari, A. Chatterjee
Aims: To identify and estimate salivary VEGF of breast cancer patients using non invasive method. Methods: ELISA, Zymography, Immunoblot. Results: We observed that saliva of breast cancer patients express appreciably high VEGF compare to non breast cancer saliva samples. Conclusion: The findings indicate salivary VEGF as a potential breast cancer marker using non invasive method.
{"title":"Salivary VEGF - A Potential Breast Cancer Marker","authors":"Subhajit Mondal, Sayantan Santra, N. Ali, S. Mandal, R. Mukherjee, A. Adhikari, A. Chatterjee","doi":"10.5539/CCO.V7N2P11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/CCO.V7N2P11","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: To identify and estimate salivary VEGF of breast cancer patients using non invasive method. Methods: ELISA, Zymography, Immunoblot. Results: We observed that saliva of breast cancer patients express appreciably high VEGF compare to non breast cancer saliva samples. Conclusion: The findings indicate salivary VEGF as a potential breast cancer marker using non invasive method.","PeriodicalId":89904,"journal":{"name":"Cancer and clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5539/CCO.V7N2P11","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45930974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Onuoha, Gloria Ramdeen-Mootoo, D. Alexander, Dana Ali-Jadoobir, Greer Bedeshi, N. George, Chivonne Mitchell, Tricia Vitalis
Aim: The aim of this study is to explore the lived experiences of parents pertaining to how cancer in their family affected their lives. In particular the study detailed the participants’ challenges and the strategies they adopted in dealing with the challenges. Methodology: An exploratory phenomenology method was used to guide the study. The participants were selected from the Paediatric Oncology Clinic at The Wendy Fitzwilliam’s Paediatric Hospital. Triangulation of different strategies namely, a focus group interview and four key informant interviews were utilized to collect data from ten parents. The data was audiotaped, transcribed and organized into codes and themes. Results: In the main, findings revealed three main themes: reliance on spirituality to cope, psychosocial challenges, and social support system. This study revealed that the lived experiences of parents who care for their children diagnosed with Cancer, are like a never-ending struggle. Discussion: Regardless of the substantial progress in the treatment of Cancer, childhood Cancer is still emotionally, physically, and psychologically challenging for parents and nurses. This was discussed vis a vis literature. Recommendation: The themes highlighted offer opportunities for additional qualitative and quantitative research in the field of oncology and its impact on Trinidadian parents and the Trinidad family system and dynamics. However, further research is needed from the nursing perspective to focus on paediatric oncology.
{"title":"Lived Experiences of Parents with Children Diagnosed with Cancer in Trinidad: Challenges and Coping Strategies","authors":"P. Onuoha, Gloria Ramdeen-Mootoo, D. Alexander, Dana Ali-Jadoobir, Greer Bedeshi, N. George, Chivonne Mitchell, Tricia Vitalis","doi":"10.5539/CCO.V7N2P1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/CCO.V7N2P1","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The aim of this study is to explore the lived experiences of parents pertaining to how cancer in their family affected their lives. In particular the study detailed the participants’ challenges and the strategies they adopted in dealing with the challenges. Methodology: An exploratory phenomenology method was used to guide the study. The participants were selected from the Paediatric Oncology Clinic at The Wendy Fitzwilliam’s Paediatric Hospital. Triangulation of different strategies namely, a focus group interview and four key informant interviews were utilized to collect data from ten parents. The data was audiotaped, transcribed and organized into codes and themes. Results: In the main, findings revealed three main themes: reliance on spirituality to cope, psychosocial challenges, and social support system. This study revealed that the lived experiences of parents who care for their children diagnosed with Cancer, are like a never-ending struggle. Discussion: Regardless of the substantial progress in the treatment of Cancer, childhood Cancer is still emotionally, physically, and psychologically challenging for parents and nurses. This was discussed vis a vis literature. Recommendation: The themes highlighted offer opportunities for additional qualitative and quantitative research in the field of oncology and its impact on Trinidadian parents and the Trinidad family system and dynamics. However, further research is needed from the nursing perspective to focus on paediatric oncology.","PeriodicalId":89904,"journal":{"name":"Cancer and clinical oncology","volume":"7 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5539/CCO.V7N2P1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44013827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Ahmadi, Hessamodin Ghasemi, S. Nooshin, Zoofa Zayani, S. Z. Karizi, M. Karimipoor
Background: Aberrant promoter methylation of CpG islands is an important mechanism for regulation of gene expression. Recent data suggest that epigenetic abnormalities may occur very early in lung carcinogenesis. Systemic methylation changes may be a diagnostic marker for tumor development or prognosis. In this study, the expression and methylation of KMT2D and IGF2 genes were investigated in the lung cancer tissue compared to the adjacent normal tissue.Methods: The status of methylation of KMT2D and IGF2 genes were investigated in 30 patients with NSCLC after genomic DNA extraction using bisulfite treatment and MS-HRM method and the expression of these genes were checked by Real-Time PCR method in same samples.Results: For KMT2D gene, the expression and methylation level increased in 46.6% and 6.67% (respectively) for tumor samples comparison with normal samples (P>0.05). Also, for IGF2 gene 50% tumor samples overexpressed and 50% tumor samples showed that reduced expression comparison with the normal samples (P>0.05). In addition, 96.66% of tumor tissues did not show any change in methylation level for IGF2 gene promoter (P>0.05).Conclusion: This study showed that expression and methylation level of KMT2D and IGF2 genes did not change in NSCLC tumor samples compared to normal samples. However, this study was designed as a pilot study, and further investigations are required to confirm our findings.
{"title":"Assessing Gene Expression and Methylation of KMT2D and IGF2 Genes in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer","authors":"A. Ahmadi, Hessamodin Ghasemi, S. Nooshin, Zoofa Zayani, S. Z. Karizi, M. Karimipoor","doi":"10.5539/CCO.V7N1P55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/CCO.V7N1P55","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Aberrant promoter methylation of CpG islands is an important mechanism for regulation of gene expression. Recent data suggest that epigenetic abnormalities may occur very early in lung carcinogenesis. Systemic methylation changes may be a diagnostic marker for tumor development or prognosis. In this study, the expression and methylation of KMT2D and IGF2 genes were investigated in the lung cancer tissue compared to the adjacent normal tissue.Methods: The status of methylation of KMT2D and IGF2 genes were investigated in 30 patients with NSCLC after genomic DNA extraction using bisulfite treatment and MS-HRM method and the expression of these genes were checked by Real-Time PCR method in same samples.Results: For KMT2D gene, the expression and methylation level increased in 46.6% and 6.67% (respectively) for tumor samples comparison with normal samples (P>0.05). Also, for IGF2 gene 50% tumor samples overexpressed and 50% tumor samples showed that reduced expression comparison with the normal samples (P>0.05). In addition, 96.66% of tumor tissues did not show any change in methylation level for IGF2 gene promoter (P>0.05).Conclusion: This study showed that expression and methylation level of KMT2D and IGF2 genes did not change in NSCLC tumor samples compared to normal samples. However, this study was designed as a pilot study, and further investigations are required to confirm our findings.","PeriodicalId":89904,"journal":{"name":"Cancer and clinical oncology","volume":"7 1","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5539/CCO.V7N1P55","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45355296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Nooshin, S. Z. Karizi, M. Karimipoor, Maryam Nooshin, A. Ahmadi, Maryam Changizi maghroor, Masoumeh Masrouri
Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide and the 5-year survival rate is still very poor due to the lack of effective tools for early detection. Epigenetics and especially studies on DNA methylation have given important information towards a better achievement of lung cancer pathogenesis in the recent decades. The inactivation of tumor suppressor genes via promoter hypermethylation is an obvious mechanism and is straightly related to carcinogenesis. In this study, we compared the methylation status of KLF11 and PCDH9 genes in non-small cell lung cancer and adjacent normal tissues.Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from 30 tumor tissues, bisulfite treated and were analyzed in terms of promoter methylation status of KLF11 and PCDH9 genes by high resolution melting method. Statistical analysis was carried out by chi-square test.Results: No significant difference in methylation level at the PCDH9 promoter region in NSCLC tumors compared with non-tumor tissues was observed (P = 0.3132, chi-square test). In contrast, the difference in methylation levels between normal and tumor tissue samples for the promoter of the KLF11 gene was quite significant (P = 0.0001).Conclusions: Promoter methylation of KLF11 gene is an important mechanism in the development of NSCLC, therefore, it could be used as one of the potential therapeutic goals for molecular targeted therapy and epigenetic treatment. The role of the PCDH9 gene in the development of lung cancer is complex and requires more research and a larger statistical population.
{"title":"The Methylation Analysis of KLF11 and PCDH9 Genes in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer","authors":"S. Nooshin, S. Z. Karizi, M. Karimipoor, Maryam Nooshin, A. Ahmadi, Maryam Changizi maghroor, Masoumeh Masrouri","doi":"10.5539/CCO.V7N1P47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/CCO.V7N1P47","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide and the 5-year survival rate is still very poor due to the lack of effective tools for early detection. Epigenetics and especially studies on DNA methylation have given important information towards a better achievement of lung cancer pathogenesis in the recent decades. The inactivation of tumor suppressor genes via promoter hypermethylation is an obvious mechanism and is straightly related to carcinogenesis. In this study, we compared the methylation status of KLF11 and PCDH9 genes in non-small cell lung cancer and adjacent normal tissues.Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from 30 tumor tissues, bisulfite treated and were analyzed in terms of promoter methylation status of KLF11 and PCDH9 genes by high resolution melting method. Statistical analysis was carried out by chi-square test.Results: No significant difference in methylation level at the PCDH9 promoter region in NSCLC tumors compared with non-tumor tissues was observed (P = 0.3132, chi-square test). In contrast, the difference in methylation levels between normal and tumor tissue samples for the promoter of the KLF11 gene was quite significant (P = 0.0001).Conclusions: Promoter methylation of KLF11 gene is an important mechanism in the development of NSCLC, therefore, it could be used as one of the potential therapeutic goals for molecular targeted therapy and epigenetic treatment. The role of the PCDH9 gene in the development of lung cancer is complex and requires more research and a larger statistical population.","PeriodicalId":89904,"journal":{"name":"Cancer and clinical oncology","volume":"7 1","pages":"47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5539/CCO.V7N1P47","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44669449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adri Chakraborty, Jennifer Han, Christina L Faltas, N. Coleman
Malignant brain tumors are a heterogeneous group of diseases arising from different cell types that affect both adults and children. The high recurrence rate of malignant brain tumors typically is due to reappearance of focal masses, indicating that a sub population of tumor cells are insensitive to current therapies and may be responsible for reinitiating tumor growth. It is generally agreed that the resistant tumor cells are comprised of cancer stem cells or tumor-initiating cells. While brain tumor stem cells (BTSCs) were first isolated within the last decade, much of the early research has been focused on identifying the BTSC markers and therapeutic targets. The challenge however, is to translate this knowledge to therapeutics. In the current review, we survey the remedial strategies to target BTSCs, which includes diagnostic, pharmacologic, immunologic, viral, and post-transcriptional approaches.
{"title":"Brain Tumor Treatment: 2017 Update","authors":"Adri Chakraborty, Jennifer Han, Christina L Faltas, N. Coleman","doi":"10.5539/CCO.V7N1P30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/CCO.V7N1P30","url":null,"abstract":"Malignant brain tumors are a heterogeneous group of diseases arising from different cell types that affect both adults and children. The high recurrence rate of malignant brain tumors typically is due to reappearance of focal masses, indicating that a sub population of tumor cells are insensitive to current therapies and may be responsible for reinitiating tumor growth. It is generally agreed that the resistant tumor cells are comprised of cancer stem cells or tumor-initiating cells. While brain tumor stem cells (BTSCs) were first isolated within the last decade, much of the early research has been focused on identifying the BTSC markers and therapeutic targets. The challenge however, is to translate this knowledge to therapeutics. In the current review, we survey the remedial strategies to target BTSCs, which includes diagnostic, pharmacologic, immunologic, viral, and post-transcriptional approaches.","PeriodicalId":89904,"journal":{"name":"Cancer and clinical oncology","volume":"7 1","pages":"30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5539/CCO.V7N1P30","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44177809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background/Aim: Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) rearrangement has evaluated activity of NSCLC compared with other molecular subtypes (EGFR, KRAS). Many studies demonstrated that patients with ALK rearrangement positive NSCLC have improved with a good response rates and progression (free survival) when treated with either monotherapy or by a combination therapy compared with EGFR-mutated, KRAS/EGFR/ALK wild type or KRAS-mutated. The aim of this study was to detect and study the signal pattern of normal ALK and compare it to that of mutated ALK with gene rearrangement in cases of non-small cell lung cancer and Inflammatory conditions by implementing the CISH technique. In addition to correlate ALK signal pattern with the histopathological type and grade as well as the age and sex of the patients.Materials & Methods: Forty patients with NSCLC and Inflammatory diseases were enrolled in a comparative cross sectional study. The tissue blocks were sectioned on non-charged slides for the preparation of routine HE (0/20, 0%) of non-neoplastic lung lesions. There was a significant statistical difference in their distribution, p < 0.05. While There was no significant association between any disease status and sex P value = 1.000NS. The CISH test was 100% sensitive using negative score as a cutoff point and 90.9% specific. The score was divided into three levels that categorized the cases, so there were six cases in score one (1-32%), nine cases in score two (33-67%) and three cases in score three (68-100%).Conclusion: Detection of ALK rearrangement in the early diagnosis of NSCLC is highly sensitive and can save a lot of efforts in planning chemotherapy regimens. Results were very promising in identifying this mutation by a sensitive and highly specific test. The ALK gene rearrangement could be an early mutation and it is needed as an initiating step for the carcinogenesis process. The presence of a double gene mutation, however, could be the cause of a higher-grade cancer.
{"title":"Detection of Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) gene in Non-Small Cell lung Cancer (NSCLC) By CISH Technique","authors":"M. Albayyaa, B. A. Abdul-Majeed","doi":"10.5539/cco.v7n1p22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/cco.v7n1p22","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim: Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) rearrangement has evaluated activity of NSCLC compared with other molecular subtypes (EGFR, KRAS). Many studies demonstrated that patients with ALK rearrangement positive NSCLC have improved with a good response rates and progression (free survival) when treated with either monotherapy or by a combination therapy compared with EGFR-mutated, KRAS/EGFR/ALK wild type or KRAS-mutated. The aim of this study was to detect and study the signal pattern of normal ALK and compare it to that of mutated ALK with gene rearrangement in cases of non-small cell lung cancer and Inflammatory conditions by implementing the CISH technique. In addition to correlate ALK signal pattern with the histopathological type and grade as well as the age and sex of the patients.Materials & Methods: Forty patients with NSCLC and Inflammatory diseases were enrolled in a comparative cross sectional study. The tissue blocks were sectioned on non-charged slides for the preparation of routine HE (0/20, 0%) of non-neoplastic lung lesions. There was a significant statistical difference in their distribution, p < 0.05. While There was no significant association between any disease status and sex P value = 1.000NS. The CISH test was 100% sensitive using negative score as a cutoff point and 90.9% specific. The score was divided into three levels that categorized the cases, so there were six cases in score one (1-32%), nine cases in score two (33-67%) and three cases in score three (68-100%).Conclusion: Detection of ALK rearrangement in the early diagnosis of NSCLC is highly sensitive and can save a lot of efforts in planning chemotherapy regimens. Results were very promising in identifying this mutation by a sensitive and highly specific test. The ALK gene rearrangement could be an early mutation and it is needed as an initiating step for the carcinogenesis process. The presence of a double gene mutation, however, could be the cause of a higher-grade cancer.","PeriodicalId":89904,"journal":{"name":"Cancer and clinical oncology","volume":"7 1","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5539/cco.v7n1p22","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42009707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Molinier, F. Huguet, M. Ballester, M. Karmochkine, C. Hennequin, J. Mazeron, C. Durdux
Objective: To assess tolerance, local control, and survival outcomes for HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) positive patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (CC) treated with external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) and/or brachytherapy from an Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris (APHP) retrospective cohort.Methods: Between 2000 and 2014, 28 HIV positive patients presenting with a non-metastatic CC were treated in one of the five APHP radiation therapy centers. Fifteen patients (54%) underwent primary surgery. Twenty-four patients (88%) received EBRT, with concurrent chemotherapy in 22 cases, and 68% received brachytherapy.Results: The median follow-up was 58 months. At 5 years, local control (LCR) and overall survival rates (OS) were 56% and 46.5% respectively. A grade 3-4 acute toxicity (mainly hematological toxicity) was reported in 18 patients (64%). In univariate analysis, total irradiation dose (p=0.03) and cisplatin-based chemotherapy (p=0.005) were predictive of acute toxicity. A grade 3-4 late toxicity (mainly gastro-intestinal and renal) was observed in 7 patients (25%). In univariate analysis, HIV stage at diagnosis (p=0.02) and an initial CD4 count <200/mm3 (p=0.03) were predictive factors of late toxicity.Conclusion: In this study including HIV positive patients with CC, local control and overall survival rates seemed to be lower than those reported in the literature for non-HIV patients. We also reported an increase in acute and late toxicity, mainly hematological, underlying the fundamental role of immunosuppression in tolerance to radiation therapy.
{"title":"Outcomes after Radiation Therapy for HIV Positive Patients with Invasive Cervical Cancer","authors":"V. Molinier, F. Huguet, M. Ballester, M. Karmochkine, C. Hennequin, J. Mazeron, C. Durdux","doi":"10.5539/CCO.V7N1P12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/CCO.V7N1P12","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To assess tolerance, local control, and survival outcomes for HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) positive patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (CC) treated with external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) and/or brachytherapy from an Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris (APHP) retrospective cohort.Methods: Between 2000 and 2014, 28 HIV positive patients presenting with a non-metastatic CC were treated in one of the five APHP radiation therapy centers. Fifteen patients (54%) underwent primary surgery. Twenty-four patients (88%) received EBRT, with concurrent chemotherapy in 22 cases, and 68% received brachytherapy.Results: The median follow-up was 58 months. At 5 years, local control (LCR) and overall survival rates (OS) were 56% and 46.5% respectively. A grade 3-4 acute toxicity (mainly hematological toxicity) was reported in 18 patients (64%). In univariate analysis, total irradiation dose (p=0.03) and cisplatin-based chemotherapy (p=0.005) were predictive of acute toxicity. A grade 3-4 late toxicity (mainly gastro-intestinal and renal) was observed in 7 patients (25%). In univariate analysis, HIV stage at diagnosis (p=0.02) and an initial CD4 count <200/mm3 (p=0.03) were predictive factors of late toxicity.Conclusion: In this study including HIV positive patients with CC, local control and overall survival rates seemed to be lower than those reported in the literature for non-HIV patients. We also reported an increase in acute and late toxicity, mainly hematological, underlying the fundamental role of immunosuppression in tolerance to radiation therapy.","PeriodicalId":89904,"journal":{"name":"Cancer and clinical oncology","volume":"7 1","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5539/CCO.V7N1P12","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49001346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: Microscopically involved resection margins and/or extracapsular spread represent the most significant prognostic factors for poor outcome in head and neck cancer. Purpose of this study was to estimate overall survival, and assess impact of demographic and clinicopathologic variables on survival in stage III and IV high-risk patients who received chemoradiation other than CisplatinMethods: Retrospective review Results: The final cohort of 18 eligible patients had a median age of 66 years and males were 66.66%. Median survival was 20.5 months. Patients were trichotomized into three age groups for comparison; ≤60 years, 61-70 years, ≥71 years. A superior overall survival was observed with advanced age (HR, 4.02; 95%CI, 1.33-12.17, p=0.016). Overall survival was significantly lower in patients with high Charlson comorbidity scores of 3-8 when compared to those with low scores of 0-2 (HR, 25.6; 95%CI, 2.78-236.7, p=0.0009). Young patients had high comorbidity scores (CCI > 2) based on the age-groups; ≤60 years (60%), 61-70 years (28.57%), ≥71 years (none). Tumor stage, positive resection margins, extracapsular spread, perineural involvement, lymphovascular invasion, tumor grade, high-risk human papillomavirus, body mass index, smoking and alcohol did not affect overall survival significantly.Conclusions: Young age and severe comorbidity should be considered when treating high-risk head and neck cancer squamous cell carcinoma patients with adjuvant chemoradiation therapy other than Cisplatin due to inferior overall survival.
{"title":"Overall Survival in Stage III and IV High-Risk Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients who received Adjuvant Chemotherapy and Radiation without Cisplatin","authors":"Muhammad F. Iqbal, E. Agamah, Krishna Rao","doi":"10.5539/CCO.V7N1P1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/CCO.V7N1P1","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Microscopically involved resection margins and/or extracapsular spread represent the most significant prognostic factors for poor outcome in head and neck cancer. Purpose of this study was to estimate overall survival, and assess impact of demographic and clinicopathologic variables on survival in stage III and IV high-risk patients who received chemoradiation other than CisplatinMethods: Retrospective review Results: The final cohort of 18 eligible patients had a median age of 66 years and males were 66.66%. Median survival was 20.5 months. Patients were trichotomized into three age groups for comparison; ≤60 years, 61-70 years, ≥71 years. A superior overall survival was observed with advanced age (HR, 4.02; 95%CI, 1.33-12.17, p=0.016). Overall survival was significantly lower in patients with high Charlson comorbidity scores of 3-8 when compared to those with low scores of 0-2 (HR, 25.6; 95%CI, 2.78-236.7, p=0.0009). Young patients had high comorbidity scores (CCI > 2) based on the age-groups; ≤60 years (60%), 61-70 years (28.57%), ≥71 years (none). Tumor stage, positive resection margins, extracapsular spread, perineural involvement, lymphovascular invasion, tumor grade, high-risk human papillomavirus, body mass index, smoking and alcohol did not affect overall survival significantly.Conclusions: Young age and severe comorbidity should be considered when treating high-risk head and neck cancer squamous cell carcinoma patients with adjuvant chemoradiation therapy other than Cisplatin due to inferior overall survival.","PeriodicalId":89904,"journal":{"name":"Cancer and clinical oncology","volume":"7 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5539/CCO.V7N1P1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44962840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), early diagnosis of cancer was associated with increasing rates of survival for cancers as breast, cervix, mouth, larynx, colon, rectum and skin. Still the optimal time to start adjuvant treatment after definitive surgery is uncertainAim of study: to evaluate the impact of delay to start adjuvant treatment in different biologic subtypes of breast cancer on treatment outcomes as regard response, failure free survival (FFS).Patients and methods: It involved 107 patients with nonmetastatic breast cancer presented to clinical oncology department, Assiut university hospital from January 2011 to December 2012, and were eligible for adjuvant systemic treatment, The time from surgery to the start of 1st cycle of adjuvant systemic treatment was calculated, then this time was divided into three time intervals; ≤30 days, >30 - ≤60 days, and >60 days.Results: 41.1%, 45.8%, 13.1% of patients received adjuvant treatment within 30 days, <30-60 days, and more than 60 days respectively, the median failure free survival was 50±2.104 months (95% CI=45.877-54.125) and was significantly decreased with increasing the time but not significantly differed between different time intervals in the whole study patients, nor in different biologic subtypes except luminal B, patients started early adjuvant treatment, relapsed late with significant effect of different time intervals on the time to relapse, local and distant relapses (P<0.000, P<0.001, P<0.02).Conclusion: Adjuvant systemic treatment for breast cancer should be initiated as early as possible better within 30 days of surgery because of significant poor effect of delay to initiate adjuvant treatment on FFS and TTR.
{"title":"Time to Start Adjuvant Systemic Treatment in Breast Cancer; a Retrospective Cohort Study","authors":"A. Rayan, H. Hasan","doi":"10.5539/CCO.V6N2P60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/CCO.V6N2P60","url":null,"abstract":"Background: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), early diagnosis of cancer was associated with increasing rates of survival for cancers as breast, cervix, mouth, larynx, colon, rectum and skin. Still the optimal time to start adjuvant treatment after definitive surgery is uncertainAim of study: to evaluate the impact of delay to start adjuvant treatment in different biologic subtypes of breast cancer on treatment outcomes as regard response, failure free survival (FFS).Patients and methods: It involved 107 patients with nonmetastatic breast cancer presented to clinical oncology department, Assiut university hospital from January 2011 to December 2012, and were eligible for adjuvant systemic treatment, The time from surgery to the start of 1st cycle of adjuvant systemic treatment was calculated, then this time was divided into three time intervals; ≤30 days, >30 - ≤60 days, and >60 days.Results: 41.1%, 45.8%, 13.1% of patients received adjuvant treatment within 30 days, <30-60 days, and more than 60 days respectively, the median failure free survival was 50±2.104 months (95% CI=45.877-54.125) and was significantly decreased with increasing the time but not significantly differed between different time intervals in the whole study patients, nor in different biologic subtypes except luminal B, patients started early adjuvant treatment, relapsed late with significant effect of different time intervals on the time to relapse, local and distant relapses (P<0.000, P<0.001, P<0.02).Conclusion: Adjuvant systemic treatment for breast cancer should be initiated as early as possible better within 30 days of surgery because of significant poor effect of delay to initiate adjuvant treatment on FFS and TTR.","PeriodicalId":89904,"journal":{"name":"Cancer and clinical oncology","volume":"6 1","pages":"60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5539/CCO.V6N2P60","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44402322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and aim : Neoplasia related inflammation now is proved to be a factor determining the outcomes in patients with cancer including glioblastoma, we aimed to determine the prognostic value of NLR on the progression free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) for patients with GBM. Methods : The baseline complete blood picture prior to the initiation of any corticosteroid and cancer therapy (surgery and RT) was obtained then NLR was determined and correlated with PFS and OS for patients with GBM. Results : patients with NLR ≤4 had a significantly better PFS (the median PFS=12±1.614 months, CI=8.836-15.164 for those with NLR ≤4 vs. a Median PFS=6±1.239 months, CI=3.572-8.428 for those with NLR>4, P 4 respectively). And this effect of NLR was dependant on other prognostic factors. Conclusion : NLR had a prognostic effect on PFS and OS, but it wasn't an independent factor for survival.
{"title":"The Prognostic Impact of Neutrophil Lymphocytic Ratio (NLR) on Survival of Patients with Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM): A Retrospective Cohort Study","authors":"A. Rayan, A. Morsy","doi":"10.5539/CCO.V6N2P69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/CCO.V6N2P69","url":null,"abstract":"Background and aim : Neoplasia related inflammation now is proved to be a factor determining the outcomes in patients with cancer including glioblastoma, we aimed to determine the prognostic value of NLR on the progression free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) for patients with GBM. Methods : The baseline complete blood picture prior to the initiation of any corticosteroid and cancer therapy (surgery and RT) was obtained then NLR was determined and correlated with PFS and OS for patients with GBM. Results : patients with NLR ≤4 had a significantly better PFS (the median PFS=12±1.614 months, CI=8.836-15.164 for those with NLR ≤4 vs. a Median PFS=6±1.239 months, CI=3.572-8.428 for those with NLR>4, P 4 respectively). And this effect of NLR was dependant on other prognostic factors. Conclusion : NLR had a prognostic effect on PFS and OS, but it wasn't an independent factor for survival.","PeriodicalId":89904,"journal":{"name":"Cancer and clinical oncology","volume":"6 1","pages":"69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5539/CCO.V6N2P69","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41907127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：