Cancer and clinical oncology最新文献_第7页

Cell Growth Regulated by Syndecan-1 in Human Liposarcoma Syndecan-1调控人脂肪肉瘤细胞生长

Cancer and clinical oncology

Pub Date : 2015-04-23 DOI: 10.5539/CCO.V4N1P58

S. Tsukamoto, K. Shimada, K. Honoki, A. Kido, M. Akahane, Yasuhito Tanaka, N. Konishi

Background: The heparan sulfate proteoglycan, syndecan-1 (also known as CD138), is associated with cell proliferation, adhesion, and migration in various types of human malignancies. The role of syndecan-1 in soft tissue tumors is unknown; therefore we examined whether syndecan-1 plays a role in human liposarcoma. Materials and Methods: We performed immunohistochemical analyses of syndecan-1 in 42 liposarcoma cases, including 21 myxoid liposarcoma cases. Recurrence-free survival was estimated by the Kaplan–Meire method. We examined the association between apoptosis and syndecan-1 gene silencing in a human liposarcoma cell line. Results: The proportion of syndecan-1 positive cells (?10%) was significantly associated with unfavorable recurrence-free survival in myxoid liposarcoma patients. There were no significant associations between syndecan-1 expression and prognosis in the other subtypes of liposarcoma. Knockdown of syndecan-1 induced apoptosis and suppression of cell growth in vitro . Conclusion: Syndecan-1 could be a novel prognostic factor for myxoid liposarcoma recurrence and a new therapeutic target for human myxoid liposarcoma.

背景:硫酸肝素蛋白多糖syndecan-1(也称为CD138)与多种人类恶性肿瘤的细胞增殖、粘附和迁移有关。syndecan-1在软组织肿瘤中的作用尚不清楚;因此，我们研究了syndecan-1是否在人脂肪肉瘤中起作用。材料和方法:我们对42例脂肪肉瘤进行了syndecan-1的免疫组织化学分析，其中包括21例粘液样脂肪肉瘤。用Kaplan-Meire法估计无复发生存期。我们在人脂肪肉瘤细胞系中研究了细胞凋亡和syndecan-1基因沉默之间的关系。结果:syndecan-1阳性细胞比例(- 10%)与黏液样脂肪肉瘤患者的不良无复发生存率显著相关。在其他亚型的脂肪肉瘤中，syndecan-1的表达与预后无显著相关性。敲低syndecan-1诱导细胞凋亡，抑制细胞生长。结论:Syndecan-1可能是预测黏液样脂肪肉瘤复发的新预后因子，是治疗人黏液样脂肪肉瘤的新靶点。

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引用次数: 0

Sacral Nerve Hemangiopericytoma: A Rare Case and Review of the Literature 骶神经血管外皮细胞瘤一例及文献复习

Cancer and clinical oncology

Pub Date : 2015-03-30 DOI: 10.5539/CCO.V4N1P47

Osama Ahmed, R. Menger, Sunil Kukreja, Shihao Zhang, Christopher Storey, A. Nanda, Bharat Guthikonda

Introduction: Hemangiopericytomas usually occur in the soft tissue and skeletal system. They rarely present in the spinal canal as a primary tumor. There are several case reports describing primary spinal hemangiopericytomas of the cervical and thoracic spine; however, there are only 3 reports of sacral hemangioperictyomas (Liu, 2013; McMaster, 1975; Zhao, 2007). We report an extremely rare presentation of a primary spinal hemangiopericytoma arising from the S2 nerve root with local bony destruction of the sacrum. Case Report: A 52 year-old male presented with low back pain and left lower extremity numbness and tingling. MRI showed a 5.2 cm x 5.7 cm sacral mass, and CT showed local bony destruction of the sacrum. He complained of left S2 pain. The patient was taken for resection of the tumor. A gross total resection was achieved from a posterior midline approach. A corridor lateral to the sacral nerves allows resection of the ventral portion of the tumor. A gross total resection was achieved with a small residual adherent to the left S2 nerve root. Pathology confirmed the tumor to be a grade II hemangiopericytoma. Adjuvant radiotherapy was recommended due to the residual.

血管外皮细胞瘤通常发生在软组织和骨骼系统。它们很少作为原发肿瘤出现在椎管中。有几个病例报告描述了颈椎和胸椎的原发性脊髓血管外皮细胞瘤;然而，只有3例关于骶骨血管外皮瘤的报道(Liu, 2013;麦克马斯特,1975;赵,2007)。我们报告一个极为罕见的原发性脊髓血管外皮细胞瘤，起源于S2神经根，伴骶骨局部骨破坏。病例报告:一名52岁男性，表现为腰痛和左下肢麻木和刺痛。MRI显示一个5.2 cm x 5.7 cm的骶骨肿块，CT显示骶骨局部骨破坏。他抱怨左腹部疼痛。病人被送去切除肿瘤。从后中线入路行大体全切除。骶神经外侧的通道允许切除肿瘤的腹侧部分。在左侧S2神经根有一小块残余粘附物的情况下实现了大体全切除。病理证实为II级血管外皮细胞瘤。由于残余，建议辅助放疗。

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引用次数: 0

Primary CNS Malignant Melanoma Associated With a Contralateral Nevus of Ota in an African-American Female: Unique Case Report 非裔美国女性原发性中枢神经系统恶性黑色素瘤伴对侧太田痣:独特病例报告

Cancer and clinical oncology

Pub Date : 2015-03-23 DOI: 10.5539/CCO.V4N1P39

Bharat Guthikonda, Osama Ahmed, Linda J Buckleair, J. Goodman, S. Powell, D. Yoshor

Background: Primary CNS melanoma is a rare neoplasm of the brain. Nevus of Ota is an area of macular, melanocytic pigmentation of the sclera and skin around the eye. Association between intracranial melanocytic neoplasms and Nevus of Ota has previously been described in case reports. The two lesions tend to occur ipsilaterally and in Caucasian patients. We present the first documented case of a primary malignant CNS melanoma contralateral to a Nevus of Ota in an African-American patient. Case Discussion: A 32-year-old female presented with intermittent numbness involving the left side of her face, arm, and leg. General physical exam revealed a large area of hyperpigmentation involving the left side of her face, especially around the eye and upper cheek, consistent with Nevus of Ota. Neuroimaging revealed a hemorrhagic intraparenchymal mass in the right frontotemporal region. Surgical resection of the lesion was performed, and pathology was consistent with primary CNS malignant melanoma. Conclusion: Primary CNS melanocytic neoplasms and Nevus of Ota share a similar embryological origin. Thus, the associated occurrence of the two is not surprising. We present a unique case of primary CNS malignant melanoma associated with a contralateral Nevus of Ota in an African-American patient. Primary CNS melanoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of any patient with a Nevus of Ota who is found to have an intracranial mass.

背景:原发性中枢神经系统黑色素瘤是一种罕见的脑部肿瘤。太田痣是一种黄斑、黑素细胞色素沉着的巩膜和眼睛周围皮肤。颅内黑素细胞肿瘤与太田痣之间的关系先前已在病例报告中描述过。这两种病变往往发生在同侧和高加索患者。我们提出了第一个记录的病例原发性恶性中枢神经系统黑色素瘤对侧的太田痣在非洲裔美国患者。病例讨论:一名32岁女性，表现为间歇性麻木，累及左侧面部、手臂和腿部。全身检查发现左侧脸有大面积色素沉着，尤其是眼睛周围和上脸颊，与太田痣相符。神经影像学显示右侧额颞区有一出血性脑实质内肿块。手术切除病变，病理符合原发性中枢神经系统恶性黑色素瘤。结论:原发性中枢神经系统黑色素细胞瘤与太田痣具有相似的胚胎起源。因此，两者相关联的出现并不令人惊讶。我们提出了一个独特的病例原发性中枢神经系统恶性黑色素瘤与对侧太田痣相关的非裔美国患者。原发性中枢神经系统黑色素瘤应考虑在鉴别诊断的任何患者的太田痣发现颅内肿块。

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引用次数: 4

Quality of Life Among Cancer Patients Treated With Chemotherapy or Radiotherapy in Erbil City An Evaluation Study 埃尔比勒市接受化疗或放疗的癌症患者生活质量评价研究

Cancer and clinical oncology

Pub Date : 2015-03-15 DOI: 10.5539/CCO.V4N1P19

A. Raoof, S. Yacoub, Y. Asaad, T. S. Hadithi

Objectives: This study was conducted to assess the quality of life in its different domains among cancer patients in relation to their treatment modality. Methods: A convenience sample of 200 patients with cancer was selected, 100 patients were on chemotherapy and the other 100 were on radiotherapy. Data was obtained through direct interview, using FACT-G questionnaire, version 4, and was managed through a statistical program, using appropriate statistical tests. Results: The emotional domain was the least affected one in both study groups (P = 0.800), while the physical domain reflected a significant statistical differences (P < 0.001); it was mildly affected in 92% of those with radiotherapy and moderately affected in 47% of those on chemotherapy. The social and functional domains were the most badly affected with a significant difference in the functional domain only (P <0.001) where 93% of those on radiotherapy being badly affected. The functional well-being of breast cancer was more affected among those with radiotherapy (P = 0.039), while the physical domains of quality of life of patients with gastrointestinal tract cancer was more badly affected by chemotherapy (P = 0.001). Conclusion: Patients on chemotherapy are more badly affected in some domains of quality of life, compared to those on radiotherapy. The emotional domain of QoL was the least affected, while the social and functional domains were the most badly affected ones among cancer patients, whether they were treated with radiotherapy or chemotherapy.

目的:本研究旨在评估癌症患者在不同领域的生活质量与治疗方式的关系。方法:选取200例肿瘤患者作为方便样本，其中化疗100例，放疗100例。数据通过直接访谈获得，使用FACT-G第4版问卷，并通过统计程序进行管理，使用适当的统计检验。结果:两组在情绪领域受影响最小(P = 0.800)，在身体领域受影响显著(P < 0.001);接受放射治疗的患者中有92%有轻度影响，接受化疗的患者中有47%有中度影响。社会和功能领域是最严重的影响，只有功能领域有显著差异(P <0.001)，其中93%的放疗患者受到严重影响。放疗组乳腺癌患者的功能幸福感受影响更大(P = 0.039)，而化疗组胃肠道癌患者的身体生活质量受影响更大(P = 0.001)。结论:与放疗相比，化疗患者在某些方面的生活质量受到更严重的影响。无论是放疗还是化疗，癌症患者生活质量的情绪领域受影响最小，而社会和功能领域受影响最严重。

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引用次数: 5

A Phase II Study of Antineoplastons A10 and AS2-1 in Adult Patients With Newly-Diagnosed Anaplastic Astrocytoma-Final Report (Protocol BT-08) 抗瘤质体A10和AS2-1在成人新诊断间变性星形细胞瘤患者中的II期研究——最终报告(方案BT-08)

Cancer and clinical oncology

Pub Date : 2015-03-15 DOI: 10.5539/CCO.V4N1P28

S. Burzynski, T. Janicki, Gregory S. Burzynski, A. Marszalek

The paper reports the evaluation of efficacy and safety of Antineoplastons A10 and AS2-1 (ANP) in a phase II study of newly diagnosed patients with anaplastic astrocytoma (AA). The study was designed as a single-arm, two-stage, phase II trial of ANP as monotherapy. The primary endpoint, was to determine the overall response rate (confirmed complete response (CR) or partial response (PR)) to ANP, based on disappearance or more than 50% reduction of tumor size by contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The goal of the study was a response rate to ANP of not less than 10% or 4 patients. 19 patients (12 men, 7 women) ages 22-60 years (median age, 44) were treated. The patients received ANP daily every four hours (median dose of A10 5.3 g/kg/d and AS2-1 0.3 g/kg/d). The duration of ANP ranged from 3 to 175 weeks. A complete response was documented in 21%, and stable disease in 26% of patients. The study was closed for enrollment after 19 of its subjects had been admitted, because the goal of trial had been accomplished. Progression-free survival and overall survival at 2 years was 16% and 37% and at 10 years was 5% and 14% respectively. Only 11% of patients reported grade 3 toxicities consisting of hypokalemia and fatigue, and 11% reported grade 4 toxicities consisting of hypernatremia and hypokalemia. There was no chronic toxicity and there was a high quality of life. ANP shows efficacy with very good toxicity profile in patients with newly diagnosed AA.

本文报道了在新诊断的间变性星形细胞瘤(AA)患者的II期研究中，抗瘤plastons A10和AS2-1 (ANP)的疗效和安全性评价。该研究被设计为单臂，两期，ANP作为单药治疗的II期试验。主要终点是确定ANP的总缓解率(确认完全缓解(CR)或部分缓解(PR))，基于对比增强磁共振成像(MRI)肿瘤大小消失或缩小50%以上。该研究的目标是ANP的有效率不低于10%或4例患者。19例患者(男12例，女7例)，年龄22-60岁(中位年龄44岁)。患者每日每4小时接受ANP治疗(中位剂量为A10 5.3 g/kg/d, AS2-1 0.3 g/kg/d)。ANP持续时间为3 ~ 175周。21%的患者完全缓解，26%的患者病情稳定。在19名受试者被录取后，该研究停止登记，因为试验的目标已经实现。2年无进展生存率和总生存率分别为16%和37%，10年生存率分别为5%和14%。只有11%的患者报告了3级毒性，包括低钾血症和疲劳，11%的患者报告了4级毒性，包括高钠血症和低钾血症。没有慢性毒性，生活质量也很高。ANP对新诊断的AA患者有良好的疗效和毒性。

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引用次数: 11

The Insulin-like Growth Factor Axis, Adipokines, Physical Activity, and Obesity in Relation to Breast Cancer Incidence and Recurrence. 胰岛素样生长因子轴、脂肪因子、体力活动和肥胖与乳腺癌发病率和复发的关系

Cancer and clinical oncology

Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.5539/cco.v4n2p24

Steven S Coughlin, Selina A Smith

Background: Obesity, a risk factor for the development of postmenopausal breast cancer and certain other cancer types, has also been associated with poorer response to cancer therapy and cancer recurrence. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis also influences cancer risk.

Methods: In this commentary, we consider the literature on IGF and its binding proteins and the risk of breast cancer, along with effects of obesity, adipokines, and insulin resistance on breast cancer, and the potential for lifestyle interventions to address weight gain and physical inactivity among at-risk women.

Results: Greater body fatness is associated with a higher risk of postmenopausal breast cancer. The association may be explained, in part, by hyperinsulinemia and alterations in adipokines and estrogens. Nutrition, energy balance, and levels of physical activity are determinants of IGF bioactivity. Alterations in the IGF axis can increase cancer risk and progression. Results from epidemiologic studies indicate that higher circulating levels of IGF-I are associated with an increased risk of breast cancer.

Conclusions: Intervention studies are needed to determine how to sustain the positive effects of exercise over time and to identify the optimal mode, intensity, frequency, duration, and timing of exercise for breast cancer survivors, including important subgroups of survivors such as African American and Hispanic women. Future epidemiologic studies of the relationships between the IGF axis and breast cancer should include adequate numbers of African American women, Hispanic women, and other minority women who have been underrepresented in studies completed to date.

背景:肥胖是绝经后乳腺癌和某些其他类型癌症发生的危险因素，也与癌症治疗反应较差和癌症复发有关。胰岛素样生长因子(IGF)轴也影响癌症风险。方法:在这篇评论中，我们考虑了关于IGF及其结合蛋白与乳腺癌风险的文献，以及肥胖、脂肪因子和胰岛素抵抗对乳腺癌的影响，以及生活方式干预的潜力，以解决高危女性体重增加和缺乏运动的问题。结果:身体肥胖与绝经后乳腺癌的高风险相关。这种关联可以部分解释为高胰岛素血症和脂肪因子和雌激素的改变。营养、能量平衡和身体活动水平是IGF生物活性的决定因素。IGF轴的改变会增加癌症的风险和进展。流行病学研究结果表明，较高的igf - 1循环水平与乳腺癌风险增加有关。结论:需要进行干预研究，以确定如何长期维持运动的积极作用，并确定乳腺癌幸存者的最佳运动模式、强度、频率、持续时间和时间，包括重要的幸存者亚群，如非洲裔美国人和西班牙裔妇女。未来关于IGF轴与乳腺癌之间关系的流行病学研究应包括足够数量的非裔美国妇女、西班牙裔妇女和其他少数民族妇女，这些妇女在迄今为止完成的研究中代表性不足。

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引用次数: 36

Chemoradiation Compared to Surgery Alone in Patients With Non- Metastatic Esophageal Carcinoma 非转移性食管癌患者放化疗与单纯手术的比较

Cancer and clinical oncology

Pub Date : 2014-11-26 DOI: 10.5539/CCO.V4N1P1

Mohamed I. El-sayed, D. W. Maximos

Purpose : To assess overall survival (OS) of esophageal cancer patients treated either by esophagectomy or chemoradiation (CRT). Methods: The medical records of patients with non metastatic esophageal cancer, treated with esophagectomy and those treated with concurrent CRT were analyzed. For all patients, files were reviewed for age, sex, tumor site and type, grade, disease stage and survival. The Log- rank test was used to examine differences in OS rates. Results: The medical records of 90 patients were analyzed. After a median follow up of 20 months, 2-year OS rate for the whole group was 46%. There was significant differences in 2-year OS in favor of patients treated by concurrent CRT (55.4%) compared to those treated by surgery (31%) (p=0.016, HR:1.96, 95% CI: 1.13–3.38). Univariate analysis showed that patients in each treatment group, had comparable 2-year OS rates regarding patient’s age, gender, pathologic subtype, and histologic grade (p>0.05). Disease stage in each group and tumor site in CRT group significantly affected OS rates (p<0.05). Conclusions: Survival rates were statistically significant higher in patients treated with CRT than in those underwent esophagectomy. Prognostic factors that affected survival were disease stage in each treatment group and tumor site in CRT group.

目的:评价食管癌患者接受食管切除术或放化疗(CRT)的总生存率(OS)。方法:对非转移性食管癌患者、食管切除术患者和同步CRT患者的病历进行分析。对所有患者的档案进行审查，包括年龄、性别、肿瘤部位和类型、分级、疾病分期和生存期。Log- rank检验用于检验OS率的差异。结果:对90例患者的病历进行分析。中位随访20个月后，整个组的2年生存率为46%。同时接受CRT治疗的患者2年OS(55.4%)与接受手术治疗的患者(31%)有显著差异(p=0.016, HR:1.96, 95% CI: 1.13-3.38)。单因素分析显示，各治疗组患者在年龄、性别、病理亚型和组织学分级方面的2年OS率相当(p < 0.05)。各组疾病分期及CRT组肿瘤部位对总生存率有显著影响(p<0.05)。结论:放疗患者的生存率明显高于食管切除术患者。影响生存的预后因素为各治疗组的疾病分期和CRT组的肿瘤部位。

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引用次数: 1

Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Bladder Cancer: One Step Forward, two Steps Back 膀胱癌的辅助化疗:前进一步，后退两步

Cancer and clinical oncology

Pub Date : 2014-11-26 DOI: 10.5539/CCO.V4N1P14

L. Malik

Bladder cancer is a common and lethal disease. Optimal treatment for high risk patients includes local and systemic therapy (neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy). It has not been demonstrated that adjuvant chemotherapy after cystectomy prolongs survival. Evidence regarding the role of adjuvant chemotherapy is conflicting and further randomized data is needed. This publication discusses the past, present, and future of adjuvant treatment in bladder cancer. It summarizes prior adjuvant trials, with a focus on long-awaited results from a large phase III trial and the future landscape.

膀胱癌是一种常见的致命性疾病。高危患者的最佳治疗包括局部和全身治疗(新辅助或辅助化疗)。没有证据表明膀胱切除术后的辅助化疗能延长生存期。关于辅助化疗作用的证据是相互矛盾的，需要进一步的随机数据。本出版物讨论了膀胱癌辅助治疗的过去、现在和未来。它总结了之前的辅助试验，重点是期待已久的大型III期试验结果和未来前景。

引用次数: 0

Occult Breast Carcinoma Presenting With Anti-Ri-Associated Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration Revealed With FDG-PET FDG-PET显示隐匿性乳腺癌伴抗i相关副肿瘤小脑变性

Cancer and clinical oncology

Pub Date : 2014-11-26 DOI: 10.5539/CCO.V4N1P9

A. Bazine, M. Fetohi, Maha Ait Berri, Y. Oufroukhi, M. Ichou, H. Errihani

Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes are rare diseases affecting less than 0,01 % of the cancerous patients. Here, we present a rare case of paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration with anti-Ri antibodies as the presenting manifestation of an occult breast cancer. Our observation emphasizes the importance of the nature of the anti-neuronal antibody and the fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography to make a definitive diagnosis in patients with subactue onset of neurological deficit suggesting paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration.

副肿瘤神经系统综合征是一种罕见的疾病，影响不到0.01%的癌症患者。在此，我们报告一例罕见的副肿瘤小脑变性伴抗ri抗体为隐匿性乳腺癌的表现。我们的观察强调了抗神经元抗体和氟脱氧葡萄糖-正电子发射断层扫描的重要性，以明确诊断亚急性发作的神经功能缺陷，提示副肿瘤小脑变性。

引用次数: 0

Correlation of Dosimetric Parameters With Subclinical Liver Function Test Alterations After Radiotherapy for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Tumors 剂量学参数与上消化道肿瘤放疗后亚临床肝功能改变的相关性

Cancer and clinical oncology

Pub Date : 2014-10-31 DOI: 10.5539/CCO.V3N2P70

K. Malek, H. Zhang, Y. Boudam, M. Colonna, R. Sihanath, C. Rebischung, J. Balosso

Purpose: To characterize conditions of radiation induced liver diseases (RILD) after radiation therapy administered for upper gastrointestinal tract tumours, not involving the liver. Method & Materials: this is a retrospective study of 169 patients treated by three dimensional conformal radiations for upper gastrointestinal tract tumours between 2002 and 2008 at the Michallon hospital. Cumulative and differential DVHs (Dose Volume Histogram) were extracted from TPS generated files and liver function tests (ALAT, ASAT, GGT and AP) and tumour markers (CA 19.9 and CEA) from patient records at four different time points (before treatment, and one, three, and six months after the end of treatment). Liver function alteration was defined as an increase in one parameter over 1.5 times the upper normal limit. All these data have been stored and statistically worked out using Lyman model parameters. Results: 34 patient records were studied. Twelve patients had RILD but none at six months. Results are consistent with the Burman description. Dosimetric profiles are different and a correlation appears between RILD and the level of doses given to liver. V40Gy is the most predictive dosimetric parameter for subclinical liver function changes. Conclusion: While dosimetric parameters are predictive of liver biological disorder, the Lyman model is not predictive of these mild disorders.

目的:探讨不累及肝脏的上消化道肿瘤放射治疗后放射性肝病(RILD)的特点。方法与材料:这是一项回顾性研究，对2002年至2008年在Michallon医院接受三维适形放射治疗的上胃肠道肿瘤的169例患者进行研究。从TPS生成的文件和四个不同时间点(治疗前、治疗结束后1个月、3个月和6个月)患者记录中的肝功能测试(ALAT、ASAT、GGT和AP)和肿瘤标志物(CA 19.9和CEA)中提取累积和差异DVHs(剂量体积直方图)。肝功能改变定义为某一参数增加超过正常上限的1.5倍。所有这些数据均已存储，并使用Lyman模型参数进行统计计算。结果:研究了34例患者的病历。12名患者在6个月时没有出现RILD。结果与缅甸人的描述一致。剂量谱是不同的，RILD与肝脏剂量水平之间似乎存在相关性。V40Gy是亚临床肝功能变化最具预测性的剂量学参数。结论:虽然剂量学参数可以预测肝脏生物学紊乱，但Lyman模型不能预测这些轻度紊乱。

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引用次数: 1