Pub Date : 2024-03-08DOI: 10.54254/2753-8818/33/20240881
Yujie Lin
Breast cancer is the disease with the largest number of diagnoses at present, which seriously threatens the health of women all over the world. HER2 positive breast cancer is one of the subtypes, accounting for 25% -30% of breast cancer cases. Despite good progress in chemotherapy, radiation therapy, endocrine therapy and other areas, cancer recovery remains a huge challenge. The development of tumor therapeutic vaccines is a promising strategy. In recent years, more and more vaccines based on different carrier platforms have gradually been discovered. These vaccines stimulate the immune system of patients to produce specific immune responses, thereby reducing the recurrence and metastasis rate of cancer. However, in current clinical research evaluations, no type of vaccine has demonstrated significant therapeutic effects. This paper summarizes the mechanism and types of DC vaccine for HER2 positive breast cancer, analyzes its shortcomings according to relevant clinical trials, and proposes solutions in some aspects such as action target, delivery vector, combined immunity, etc, provides a reference for the development and improvement of therapeutic vaccine for breast cancer in the future. At present, many studies are addressing the problems with some vaccines, and there will be better therapeutic vaccines for breast tumors applied in clinical practice in the future, benefiting all humanity.
{"title":"Directions for the improvement of dendritic vaccines for HER2-positive breast cancer","authors":"Yujie Lin","doi":"10.54254/2753-8818/33/20240881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/33/20240881","url":null,"abstract":"Breast cancer is the disease with the largest number of diagnoses at present, which seriously threatens the health of women all over the world. HER2 positive breast cancer is one of the subtypes, accounting for 25% -30% of breast cancer cases. Despite good progress in chemotherapy, radiation therapy, endocrine therapy and other areas, cancer recovery remains a huge challenge. The development of tumor therapeutic vaccines is a promising strategy. In recent years, more and more vaccines based on different carrier platforms have gradually been discovered. These vaccines stimulate the immune system of patients to produce specific immune responses, thereby reducing the recurrence and metastasis rate of cancer. However, in current clinical research evaluations, no type of vaccine has demonstrated significant therapeutic effects. This paper summarizes the mechanism and types of DC vaccine for HER2 positive breast cancer, analyzes its shortcomings according to relevant clinical trials, and proposes solutions in some aspects such as action target, delivery vector, combined immunity, etc, provides a reference for the development and improvement of therapeutic vaccine for breast cancer in the future. At present, many studies are addressing the problems with some vaccines, and there will be better therapeutic vaccines for breast tumors applied in clinical practice in the future, benefiting all humanity.","PeriodicalId":506830,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Natural Science","volume":"108 S121","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140256923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-08DOI: 10.54254/2753-8818/33/20240942
Yutong Hu
Hippotherapy, a therapy measure involving horses in the rehabilitation process of people with disabilities, has gained widespread application both domestically and internationally. It involves fields such as medicine and psychology and attracts significant attention. Internationally, hippotherapy has garnered immense interest in the therapy field for people with disabilities and the relevant research has developed rapidly. However, in China, hippotherapy is still in its nascent stage and has not yet established a comprehensive hippotherapy course system. This paper reviews the research progress of hippotherapy in China, explores the therapeutic effect of hippotherapy on children with disabilities, and demonstrates that hippotherapy can effectively aid in the rehabilitation of these children, improving their sports abilities and social communication skills. Therefore, this paper provides a reference for the establishment of a hippotherapy system in China, which can help in improving social acceptance for special children and promoting the overall development of rehabilitation for children with disabilities.
{"title":"Review on the development and research status of hippotherapy in China","authors":"Yutong Hu","doi":"10.54254/2753-8818/33/20240942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/33/20240942","url":null,"abstract":"Hippotherapy, a therapy measure involving horses in the rehabilitation process of people with disabilities, has gained widespread application both domestically and internationally. It involves fields such as medicine and psychology and attracts significant attention. Internationally, hippotherapy has garnered immense interest in the therapy field for people with disabilities and the relevant research has developed rapidly. However, in China, hippotherapy is still in its nascent stage and has not yet established a comprehensive hippotherapy course system. This paper reviews the research progress of hippotherapy in China, explores the therapeutic effect of hippotherapy on children with disabilities, and demonstrates that hippotherapy can effectively aid in the rehabilitation of these children, improving their sports abilities and social communication skills. Therefore, this paper provides a reference for the establishment of a hippotherapy system in China, which can help in improving social acceptance for special children and promoting the overall development of rehabilitation for children with disabilities.","PeriodicalId":506830,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Natural Science","volume":"34 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140257671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-08DOI: 10.54254/2753-8818/33/20240811
Xinna Xue, Yuan Yuan, Yu Zheng, Guohui Zhang, Hong Zhang
The secondary dysfunction of hepatitis B is usually gastrointestinal dysfunction, motor dysfunction, sensory disorders, sleep disorders, and further aggravation may even lead to liver failure. Among them, gastrointestinal dysfunction is the main symptom that troubles patients and is not conducive to prognosis. In this paper, the application of traditional Chinese and Western medicine rehabilitation in hepatitis B gastrointestinal dysfunction and related treatment mechanisms were reviewed. After studying related articles, it was found that: Traditional Chinese medicine rehabilitation pays attention to the overall function of patients, emphasizes the coordination of heart and rest, and focuses on traditional Chinese medicine regulation, body exercises, massage techniques, acupuncture, acupoint application and other methods; Modern medical rehabilitation attaches importance to the ability of patients to return to society, and mainly adopts physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy and other methods. Among them, traditional Chinese medicine has various rehabilitation methods for gastrointestinal dysfunction of hepatitis B, and most of the current research focuses on traditional Chinese medicine and acupuncture. Modern medicine for rehabilitating this dysfunction, clinical research, and basic research are temporarily lacking. The rehabilitation method of integrated Chinese and Western medicine is more advantageous for the treatment of gastrointestinal dysfunction of hepatitis B. This article will provide new ideas for the rehabilitation of patients with gastrointestinal dysfunction of hepatitis B.
{"title":"Application of rehabilitation in gastrointestinal dysfunction in patients with hepatitis B","authors":"Xinna Xue, Yuan Yuan, Yu Zheng, Guohui Zhang, Hong Zhang","doi":"10.54254/2753-8818/33/20240811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/33/20240811","url":null,"abstract":"The secondary dysfunction of hepatitis B is usually gastrointestinal dysfunction, motor dysfunction, sensory disorders, sleep disorders, and further aggravation may even lead to liver failure. Among them, gastrointestinal dysfunction is the main symptom that troubles patients and is not conducive to prognosis. In this paper, the application of traditional Chinese and Western medicine rehabilitation in hepatitis B gastrointestinal dysfunction and related treatment mechanisms were reviewed. After studying related articles, it was found that: Traditional Chinese medicine rehabilitation pays attention to the overall function of patients, emphasizes the coordination of heart and rest, and focuses on traditional Chinese medicine regulation, body exercises, massage techniques, acupuncture, acupoint application and other methods; Modern medical rehabilitation attaches importance to the ability of patients to return to society, and mainly adopts physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy and other methods. Among them, traditional Chinese medicine has various rehabilitation methods for gastrointestinal dysfunction of hepatitis B, and most of the current research focuses on traditional Chinese medicine and acupuncture. Modern medicine for rehabilitating this dysfunction, clinical research, and basic research are temporarily lacking. The rehabilitation method of integrated Chinese and Western medicine is more advantageous for the treatment of gastrointestinal dysfunction of hepatitis B. This article will provide new ideas for the rehabilitation of patients with gastrointestinal dysfunction of hepatitis B.","PeriodicalId":506830,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Natural Science","volume":"43 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140076966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-08DOI: 10.54254/2753-8818/33/20240900
Zhenghao Li
Reverse vaccinology (RV) is a groundbreaking approach that uses bioinformatics and sequencing techniques to identify and design vaccines that target specific antigen epitopes. Compared to traditional methods, RV is faster, more specific, and potentially safer. It expedites antigen identification, optimizes antigen selection, and enhances vaccine design through computer-assisted epitope selection and linker optimization. RV offers advantages in terms of cost-effectiveness and safety by reducing the need for complex procedures and animal immunization. It has been successfully applied in the development of vaccines for various diseases, including SARS-CoV-2 and HPV. Challenges remain, but RVs efficiency, specificity, and potential cost savings position it as a powerful tool in global vaccine development efforts. Continued research and innovation in antigen optimization, epitope design, linker selection, safety considerations, and collaboration will further enhance RVs potential for tackling existing and emerging diseases. Overall, RV revolutionizes vaccine development, offering a promising approach to improve global health outcomes.
{"title":"Assessment of the application prospects of reverse vaccinology in vaccine development","authors":"Zhenghao Li","doi":"10.54254/2753-8818/33/20240900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/33/20240900","url":null,"abstract":"Reverse vaccinology (RV) is a groundbreaking approach that uses bioinformatics and sequencing techniques to identify and design vaccines that target specific antigen epitopes. Compared to traditional methods, RV is faster, more specific, and potentially safer. It expedites antigen identification, optimizes antigen selection, and enhances vaccine design through computer-assisted epitope selection and linker optimization. RV offers advantages in terms of cost-effectiveness and safety by reducing the need for complex procedures and animal immunization. It has been successfully applied in the development of vaccines for various diseases, including SARS-CoV-2 and HPV. Challenges remain, but RVs efficiency, specificity, and potential cost savings position it as a powerful tool in global vaccine development efforts. Continued research and innovation in antigen optimization, epitope design, linker selection, safety considerations, and collaboration will further enhance RVs potential for tackling existing and emerging diseases. Overall, RV revolutionizes vaccine development, offering a promising approach to improve global health outcomes.","PeriodicalId":506830,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Natural Science","volume":"47 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140077166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-08DOI: 10.54254/2753-8818/33/20240902
Ki Zhu
Leukemia, the most diagnosed cancer in children and adolescents, is the malignancy of white blood cells that begins in hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow and brings severe impact to the lymphatic system in which ALL, AML, CML, and CLL are diagnosed most commonly. Risk factors of leukemia is highly evaluated in recent studies and treatments for leukemia have shown great advance too. However, the knowledge to public about leukemia, its risk factors, and its treatments is still limited. This article aims to introduce different types of leukemia including ALL, AML, CLL, CML, analyze genetic and environmental risk factors of leukemia, and describe some of its treatments such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and bone marrow transplantation in detail. To avoid and address mechanisms of resistance that arise during leukemia therapy, it is crucial to adopt a comprehensive strategy to the combination of medicine, to manage risk factors to the public, to make lifestyle interventions, to develop more advanced therapies, and to gain a deeper understanding of mechanism of resistance.
{"title":"A brief look at genetic and environmental risk factors of leukemia and its preventions and treatment","authors":"Ki Zhu","doi":"10.54254/2753-8818/33/20240902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/33/20240902","url":null,"abstract":"Leukemia, the most diagnosed cancer in children and adolescents, is the malignancy of white blood cells that begins in hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow and brings severe impact to the lymphatic system in which ALL, AML, CML, and CLL are diagnosed most commonly. Risk factors of leukemia is highly evaluated in recent studies and treatments for leukemia have shown great advance too. However, the knowledge to public about leukemia, its risk factors, and its treatments is still limited. This article aims to introduce different types of leukemia including ALL, AML, CLL, CML, analyze genetic and environmental risk factors of leukemia, and describe some of its treatments such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and bone marrow transplantation in detail. To avoid and address mechanisms of resistance that arise during leukemia therapy, it is crucial to adopt a comprehensive strategy to the combination of medicine, to manage risk factors to the public, to make lifestyle interventions, to develop more advanced therapies, and to gain a deeper understanding of mechanism of resistance.","PeriodicalId":506830,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Natural Science","volume":"49 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140076923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-08DOI: 10.54254/2753-8818/33/20240867
Xingyuan Zhou
Glioblastoma (GBM), as the most prevalent malignant primary brain tumor in adults, is characterized by limited treatment options and poor prognosis. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized cancer therapy, prompting interest in their potential application in GBM treatment. This study identified potential targets for enhancing the efficacy of GBM immunotherapy by a statistical analysis of genomic and transcriptional data coupled with an exploration of the molecular mechanisms governing patient responses to immunotherapy. Our analysis revealed that the effectiveness of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in GBM is closely associated with the mutational burden of the tumor and the age at which treatment is initiated. In addition, we found that the gene set signature of cell cycle regulation is upregulated, while the immune response regulation pathways are enriched in the tumors from non-responsive patients. These findings underscore the potential effectiveness of targeting these pathways in the context of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy, with the promise of enhancing patient outcomes in GBM.
{"title":"Inflammatory response and cell cycle pathways contribute to innate resistance to Anti-PD-1 therapy in glioblastoma","authors":"Xingyuan Zhou","doi":"10.54254/2753-8818/33/20240867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/33/20240867","url":null,"abstract":"Glioblastoma (GBM), as the most prevalent malignant primary brain tumor in adults, is characterized by limited treatment options and poor prognosis. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized cancer therapy, prompting interest in their potential application in GBM treatment. This study identified potential targets for enhancing the efficacy of GBM immunotherapy by a statistical analysis of genomic and transcriptional data coupled with an exploration of the molecular mechanisms governing patient responses to immunotherapy. Our analysis revealed that the effectiveness of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in GBM is closely associated with the mutational burden of the tumor and the age at which treatment is initiated. In addition, we found that the gene set signature of cell cycle regulation is upregulated, while the immune response regulation pathways are enriched in the tumors from non-responsive patients. These findings underscore the potential effectiveness of targeting these pathways in the context of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy, with the promise of enhancing patient outcomes in GBM.","PeriodicalId":506830,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Natural Science","volume":"131 S220","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140256860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-08DOI: 10.54254/2753-8818/33/20240423
Chenling Wu
Myopia is a relatively common disease at present, especially in the adolescent population is very high, and its prevalence increases with the passage of time, usually myopia will cause retinal detachment, glaucoma, etc., which may seriously lead to vision loss and blindness. Existing treatments include monocular lenses, contact lenses and refractive surgery, as well as the drugs atropine and pirrenzil. Studies have shown that most myopia treatments have little effect, are relatively short term, and have significant side effects. This article mainly summarizes the treatment methods of myopia, combined with the latest findings of clinical research, and put forward the possible future treatment methods.
{"title":"The treatment of myopia and future development","authors":"Chenling Wu","doi":"10.54254/2753-8818/33/20240423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/33/20240423","url":null,"abstract":"Myopia is a relatively common disease at present, especially in the adolescent population is very high, and its prevalence increases with the passage of time, usually myopia will cause retinal detachment, glaucoma, etc., which may seriously lead to vision loss and blindness. Existing treatments include monocular lenses, contact lenses and refractive surgery, as well as the drugs atropine and pirrenzil. Studies have shown that most myopia treatments have little effect, are relatively short term, and have significant side effects. This article mainly summarizes the treatment methods of myopia, combined with the latest findings of clinical research, and put forward the possible future treatment methods.","PeriodicalId":506830,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Natural Science","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140257461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-08DOI: 10.54254/2753-8818/33/20240890
Yuanlin Wu
In recent studiesresearchers have found that gamma oscillations (40Hz) significantly reduced in some neurological diseases. In this article, we will investigate whether the looming stimulation experiment to mice can be used as a way to test the efficacy of 40Hz light stimulation. The results showed that the fearful characteristics displayed by the treated 5xFAD mice, including the response of returning to the nest, freezing, etc. were changed compared with the control group, but did not reach a significant difference. 40Hz light oscillation did not improve the natural fear behavior of 5xFAD mice, and it may be that this physical therapy mode has limited effect on the basic physiological response of AD mice. The effects of intensity and frequency of therapeutic stimulation on the fear cognition of 5xFAD mice will be tested in subsequent experiments.
{"title":"Forty-Hertz light oscillations did not change the natural fear behavior of the 5xfAD mice with looming visual stimuli","authors":"Yuanlin Wu","doi":"10.54254/2753-8818/33/20240890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/33/20240890","url":null,"abstract":"In recent studiesresearchers have found that gamma oscillations (40Hz) significantly reduced in some neurological diseases. In this article, we will investigate whether the looming stimulation experiment to mice can be used as a way to test the efficacy of 40Hz light stimulation. The results showed that the fearful characteristics displayed by the treated 5xFAD mice, including the response of returning to the nest, freezing, etc. were changed compared with the control group, but did not reach a significant difference. 40Hz light oscillation did not improve the natural fear behavior of 5xFAD mice, and it may be that this physical therapy mode has limited effect on the basic physiological response of AD mice. The effects of intensity and frequency of therapeutic stimulation on the fear cognition of 5xFAD mice will be tested in subsequent experiments.","PeriodicalId":506830,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Natural Science","volume":"14 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140258064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-08DOI: 10.54254/2753-8818/33/20240836
Jiayu Wang, Rui Qi
Spastic hemiplegia is a common clinical condition in patients with ischemic stroke, which has a significant impact on their motor function and quality of life. A large number of clinical studies have shown that acupuncture has significant advantages in treating spastic hemiplegia after stroke, and it is worth further promoting and applying in clinical practice due to its simple operation, high safety, and mild side effects. The commonly used clinical methods for acupuncture therapy of spastic hemiplegia after ischemic stroke include filiform needle therapy, electroacupuncture therapy, fire needle therapy, warm needle therapy, and other different acupuncture methods and acupoint selection methods, which can promote the recovery of limb motor function in patients. However, there is currently no clear international standardized treatment plan for acupuncture therapy. In the future, we should strengthen the rigor of clinical practice and research, and strive to contribute to the improvement of the quality of life of stroke patients.
{"title":"Research progress on acupuncture therapy for spastic hemiplegia after ischemic stroke","authors":"Jiayu Wang, Rui Qi","doi":"10.54254/2753-8818/33/20240836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/33/20240836","url":null,"abstract":"Spastic hemiplegia is a common clinical condition in patients with ischemic stroke, which has a significant impact on their motor function and quality of life. A large number of clinical studies have shown that acupuncture has significant advantages in treating spastic hemiplegia after stroke, and it is worth further promoting and applying in clinical practice due to its simple operation, high safety, and mild side effects. The commonly used clinical methods for acupuncture therapy of spastic hemiplegia after ischemic stroke include filiform needle therapy, electroacupuncture therapy, fire needle therapy, warm needle therapy, and other different acupuncture methods and acupoint selection methods, which can promote the recovery of limb motor function in patients. However, there is currently no clear international standardized treatment plan for acupuncture therapy. In the future, we should strengthen the rigor of clinical practice and research, and strive to contribute to the improvement of the quality of life of stroke patients.","PeriodicalId":506830,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Natural Science","volume":"129 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140257012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-08DOI: 10.54254/2753-8818/33/20240853
Xiyu He
Cocoa butter is a crucial component in chocolate and compound coatings, significantly influencing their physicochemical properties, which, in turn, affect the viscosity and cooling rate of the coatings. This impact is vital in the formulation and storage of coatings, affecting their flow behavior, texture, and stability. Research has shown that the inclusion of coconut oil as a cocoa butter substitute in chocolate results in a reduction in the chocolates viscosity. This is attributed to the lower viscosity of coconut oil, primarily due to its lauric acid content. This experiment utilized the Brookfield viscometer to measure the viscosity of chocolate. Three representative types of chocolate were selected: milk chocolate, white chocolate, and dark chocolate, all containing the same ingredient: coconut oil. The analysis of the measurement results allows the determination of the viscosity characteristics of chocolate, providing insights into which type of chocolate exhibits the most significant improvement in viscosity due to the presence of coconut oil. Experimental results indicate that milk chocolate with the addition of 4.5% coconut oil exhibits optimal physical characteristics, including gloss, texture, and overall acceptance by participants. In contrast, dark chocolate with coconut oil has higher viscosity and slower cooling rates, requiring more time to complete the coating or product preparation, which may affect production efficiency. White chocolate with coconut oil typically falls between milk chocolate and dark chocolate in terms of viscosity. This study delves deep into the impact of cocoa butter substitutes on various chocolate coatings, offering valuable insights into the application of coconut oil as a cocoa butter alternative in chocolate production.
{"title":"Cocoa butter and replacement in compound coatings and effect on the coatings rheological profile","authors":"Xiyu He","doi":"10.54254/2753-8818/33/20240853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/33/20240853","url":null,"abstract":"Cocoa butter is a crucial component in chocolate and compound coatings, significantly influencing their physicochemical properties, which, in turn, affect the viscosity and cooling rate of the coatings. This impact is vital in the formulation and storage of coatings, affecting their flow behavior, texture, and stability. Research has shown that the inclusion of coconut oil as a cocoa butter substitute in chocolate results in a reduction in the chocolates viscosity. This is attributed to the lower viscosity of coconut oil, primarily due to its lauric acid content. This experiment utilized the Brookfield viscometer to measure the viscosity of chocolate. Three representative types of chocolate were selected: milk chocolate, white chocolate, and dark chocolate, all containing the same ingredient: coconut oil. The analysis of the measurement results allows the determination of the viscosity characteristics of chocolate, providing insights into which type of chocolate exhibits the most significant improvement in viscosity due to the presence of coconut oil. Experimental results indicate that milk chocolate with the addition of 4.5% coconut oil exhibits optimal physical characteristics, including gloss, texture, and overall acceptance by participants. In contrast, dark chocolate with coconut oil has higher viscosity and slower cooling rates, requiring more time to complete the coating or product preparation, which may affect production efficiency. White chocolate with coconut oil typically falls between milk chocolate and dark chocolate in terms of viscosity. This study delves deep into the impact of cocoa butter substitutes on various chocolate coatings, offering valuable insights into the application of coconut oil as a cocoa butter alternative in chocolate production.","PeriodicalId":506830,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Natural Science","volume":"87 S73","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140257089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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